	{"id":4501,"date":"2014-10-01T11:55:00","date_gmt":"2014-10-01T04:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4501"},"modified":"2014-10-01T11:55:00","modified_gmt":"2014-10-01T04:55:00","slug":"cach-cai-tien-cac-ki-nang-lap-trinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4501","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cEm gh\u00e9t vi\u1ebft m\u00e3.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00e0o d\u1ea1y l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ec9 khi h\u1ecd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 sai v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u00e0 xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng trong l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o sinh vi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng ba ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n qua ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c sai l\u1ea7m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda cho h\u1ecd trong l\u1edbp v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<p>Trong ba ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp, thay v\u00ec s\u1eeda sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 cho l\u1edbp c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1eabu tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean s\u1eeda sai l\u1ea7m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ki\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u1eebng d\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c sai l\u1ea7m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i ki\u1ec3m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ed3i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chung t\u00ecm ra trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm ra sai l\u1ea7m trong logic ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ba, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ra m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho l\u1edbp bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 b\u1edbt s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd t\u1eeb gi\u1edd tr\u1edf \u0111i, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ph\u1ea1m c\u00f9ng sai l\u1ea7m l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb cho \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m chung k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>Khi l\u1edbp ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn ra sai l\u1ea7m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eeda ch\u00fang. Qua th\u1eddi gian, \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng h\u01a1n khi k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean. V\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 cho sinh vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1eabn cho nhau \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda cho h\u1ecd khi h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 logic t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<p>Khi sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u201cMini-hackathon\u201d h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n (b\u00e0i t\u1eadp l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp trung cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1) n\u01a1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf (x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 100 t\u1edbi 250 d\u00f2ng m\u00e3) trong v\u00f2ng n\u1eeda gi\u1edd. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng. Ki\u1ec3u thi \u0111ua n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 nhanh trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1ch sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0i nghi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nhanh ch\u00f3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi h\u1ecd \u00edt t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Sinh vi\u00ean h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Sau qu\u00e3ng n\u0103m hay s\u00e1u tu\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft trong ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p hay qui t\u1eafc th\u00eam n\u1eefa. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cB\u00e2y gi\u1edd em bi\u1ebft h\u1ecdc qua h\u00e0nh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean em h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m n\u00f3 r\u1ed3i em h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ed3i em h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m n\u00f3 ngay b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng qui t\u1eafc r\u1ed3i c\u00e1ch qui t\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t ho\u00e1. \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang em v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang em.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y trong m\u1ecdi l\u1edbp l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Java hay C++ hay Python. Khi sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m hay th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Khi sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t. Khi sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u1ed5n h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecdc qua h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ecd c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;English verson&#8212;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>How to improve programming skills<\/p>\n<p>Few years ago, a student told me: \u201cI hate coding.\u201d This may sound very negative to any professor who teaches programming but actually it is just an expression of a frustrated student who does not have sufficient programming skills yet. Only when they gain enough experience and understand what is wrong and what is right with their own work, they will be able to write code better. The important thing to do is to eliminate the fear of programming and improve students\u2019 confidence in their ability to write codes. Here is a simple technique that I have used in my classes.<\/p>\n<p>At the beginning of the course, I tell students that the first three programs will not be graded. It means they can make mistakes and it does not matter whether their programs are running or not. It reduces the stress students feel about taking computer programming class. What I want from them is just write code and experiment the coding process by themselves. Although these programs are not graded but they must turn in for the purpose of identifying mistakes that they make so I can correct them in class and explain why their programs do not work.<\/p>\n<p>In the next three programs, instead of correcting their mistakes, I show the class sample programs on the black board and ask students to correct their own mistakes. They review their own program, line by line to identify their own mistakes. After that I review their programs then discuss about common problems often found in their programs. In the first program, most students are able to correct their own syntax, some are able to find mistake in their own logic but at the second and third programs, most can identify all problems that they have made and begin to understand why their programs do not work. In other word, they learn from their own mistakes. By this time, I also let the class know that those programs will not be graded to release their stress but I tell them from now on, if they still make the same mistakes again in their program, it will be graded and added to the final grade.<\/p>\n<p>As the class continues, most students learn how to recognize their own mistakes and be able to fix them. Over time, few are making mistakes and they become less frustrated as their programming skills improve. At this time, most students gain confidence in their ability to write code then I let students review each other\u2019s program to correct them as they learn more about structure and logic from other\u2019s views. Most students understand that by reviewing their classmates\u2019 programs, they can improve their own coding skills.<\/p>\n<p>When students feel comfortable about programming, I continue to build their confidence by giving a \u201cMini-hackathon\u201d exercise each week where they are required to write a small program (approximately 100 to 250 line of code) within half an hour. Whoever finishes first with correct results will get extra bonus points. This type of competition encourages them to develop better programming skills as they must code quickly within a fix time. I can watch how students go through as they work to accomplish this challenge. Some seem uncomfortable that they may not be able to finish in the time allotted, but their doubts quickly change as they focus less on the time and more on the result. The happiest students are the ones who thought they could never do it, but find a way to complete the challenge. After about five or six weeks, most students tell me that writing code has become as natural as they write in English as they do not even think much about syntax or rules anymore. One happy student explains: \u201cNow I know what learning by doing means. First I learn to do it then I learn what works and what does not works then I learn to do it right by apply the rule then how the rule can be modified and generalized. Suddenly it become part of our thinking and our coding ability.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I have very good success with this technique in all my programming classes, regardless whether it is Java or C++ or Python. When students do not feel stress by grade or failure, they will focus more on learning. When students are given the chance to learn from their own mistakes, they will learn well. When students are given more chance to practice, they will develop their skills. When they have the skills, they will feel better about themselves, and gaining confidence about their ability. Learning by doing is about giving them the opportunity to learn by themselves but of course, they do need support and guidance from teachers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cEm gh\u00e9t vi\u1ebft m\u00e3.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4501","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4501"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4501\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4502,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4501\/revisions\/4502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}