Khi sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hi v\u1ecdng cao. Th\u1eddi gian \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u00ed th\u00fa nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean sau m\u1ed9t hay hai n\u0103m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng, m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eadm ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u00edt th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n xem x\u00e9t b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 “l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng” trong sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai hay th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ecb g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng hay \u00e1p l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng c\u0103n nguy\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng “\u1ea9n k\u00edn” m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cL\u00e0m sao em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi em kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u1eefa?\u201d M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00e1c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn: \u201cN\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra nhanh th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean em c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi,\u00a0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng sau khi h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Em kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.\u201d Trong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00ec c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c “m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng” n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u00e3i cho t\u1edbi khi n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, m\u1ea5t h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 tin.<\/p>\n
Sau khi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd b\u1ecb “l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng” t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y “l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng” v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ecd h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p r\u1ed3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u00eap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i: \u201cEm mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng em kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft em s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0o cho n\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t.\u201d Anh ta th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn: \u201cEm th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi em.\u201d \u201cC\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng” n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh khi h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a “th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c”. Cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t trong l\u1edbp nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Sau khi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 “m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c” trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 logic b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho, ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 \u201cM\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t v\u00ec m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc\u201d hay \u201cM\u00ecnh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n v\u00ec m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.\u201d \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p; hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, r\u1ed3i “m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tan bi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u0103ng l\u00ean t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ‘l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng” kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho sinh vi\u00ean “tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i” t\u1eeb l\u1edbp n\u00e0y qua l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c m\u00e3i cho t\u1edbi khi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Khi sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 d\u1ea1y ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cho sinh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng \u201cthi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. Ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho sinh vi\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ecd, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cc\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft r\u1ec5 trong ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a k\u00e9m khi h\u1ecd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5. Sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng hay h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n g\u00ec v\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean “c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng” v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi l\u1edbp, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng cho ph\u00e9p sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc hay chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ecd sang c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n
Trong b\u1ea9y n\u0103m qu\u00e1, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ra m\u1ed9t “m\u00f4n ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb” \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 “c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng”. M\u00f4n n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 4 tu\u1ea7n, ba l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u201cn\u00e2ng sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i\u201d m\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00ec c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 “m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng”, t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn th\u0103m d\u00f2 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap sinh vi\u00ean bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 qua ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. Khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 ch\u00fang theo chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 h\u1ecd hay gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n hay kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i gi\u00fap h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0i tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p chi ti\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ba \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Sau khi sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc chi ti\u1ebft cho t\u1eebng m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh ba tu\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n ch\u00ednh qui. Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1edbp ch\u00ednh qui c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong “l\u1edbp ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb” th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea1i tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y tr\u00ean 80% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t trong ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean, t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t cho m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho sinh vi\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn sinh vi\u00ean trong cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sinh vi\u00ean m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf n\u0103m gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb sa s\u00fat v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The sense of lost at university<\/p>\n
When students enter college, they all have high hope. Time in college is probably the most exciting in their lives with new friends, new professors, new things to learn and new skills to develop. However after a year or two, some students feel a sense of lost, losing their direction and motivation. Some even ask whether go to college is the right decision and few even consider quitting.<\/p>\n
The sense of \u201clost\u201d among second or third year students is very common in every university. Some cause by stress or studying pressure but the root cause is usually \u201chidden\u201d that most students do not know why. A student told me: \u201cHow can I continue to study when I have no more motivation?\u201d Another second year student admitted: \u201cIt happens so fast, suddenly I feel tired with no sense of direction after doing well in my first year. I do not know what to do now.\u201d While some students come and talk to me, many do not. Maybe they do not realize that they have problems, as this sense of \u201closing direction\u201d is not clear until it become a major problem. The most common symptoms are feeling tired, losing interest in learning, and losing self-confidence.<\/p>\n
After talking to many students who felt that they were \u201clost\u201d I found that many of them do not have a career plan. They follow others to go to college but do not have a clear direction about their education. After go through several classes they suddenly feel \u201cLost\u201d because they do not have road map to guide them toward their goals. Many told me that they expect to get a degree than finding a job but the fact is they do not have a definite career plan. A student said: \u201cI expect to get a job after graduated but I do not know what kind of job that I will get so any job would be fine.\u201d He also admitted: \u201cI really do not know what to do with my life.\u201d This \u201csense of lost\u201d is part of a maturing process when they become adult and suddenly facing the burden of the \u201creal world\u201d. Even they do well in class but losing the motivation is a difficult problem to deal with. After talking to several students, I found that many have \u201cunrealistic goals\u201d in life with no substantial logic to support such as \u201cI will get good job because I have a college degree\u201d or \u201cI will make a lot of money because I study Information technology.\u201d Suddenly they realize that there are unemployed college graduates; or without knowledge and skills, they will not get a job, then their \u201cdreams\u201d vanished. At the same time, they are facing increasing studying pressure from school so they feel \u201clost\u201d with no more motivation to help them to solve the problem.<\/p>\n
Many teachers do not know how to handle this situation so they let students \u201cfloat\u201d from one class to another until the problem become severe. When students have no motivation to study, their performances drop, they fail classes and some quit school. Several professors told me that their job is to teach not to solve problem for students but \u201clack of motivation\u201d is part of the teaching guidance that professors must do. It is the job of professors to provide advices, guidance to help students with their motivation, decision making, and recognize the skills they have learned and apply them. The \u201csense of lost\u201d issue is often rooted in the bad choice when they enter college without a clear direction, without a well-defined career plan. After a year of studying, they realize that what they choose to study may not be what they want in life so they feel lost or they do not know what they want at that moment.<\/p>\n
If the students lose motivation to study, it is important to take a corrective action before the problem is getting worst. If students \u201cfeel lost\u201d because they cannot keep up with the class, the easiest solution is to place them in another lower level class to rebuild their foundation. Many universities often allow students to retake the course or transfer them to lower level classes but it often makes the students feel bad as they have failed. It also does not solve the root cause of the problem, which is not the ability to learn but the losing direction.<\/p>\n
In the past seven years, I have designed a specific \u201cremedial course\u201d to help students that have \u201ca sense of lost\u201d. The course lasted about 4 weeks, three time a week but taught in the evening with the goal to \u201clift students back\u201d to their standard level of learning. Since the root cause is the \u201closing of direction\u201d, I start with career exploration discussions in the first week to help students learn more about themselves. By learning about their own interests and preferences, they can reconnect with the reality, improve their decision-making and understand certain career options through career planning activities. When enter college, many students are facing many career options but they may not take time to explore them in depth so they just select one based on their friends or family\u2019s choices. That may not be what they want or fit their interest so I help them to take time to explore several options in order for them to make informed decisions for themselves. By the end of the first week, they must develop a detailed career plan with realistic career goals. They are allowed to select the career that meets three conditions: their preference their family\u2019s expectations; and the job market opportunities. After the students make decision on what to do, they must develop a career plan with detailed step by step for each course that they will take, each step has a corresponding realistic goal that they should achieve.<\/p>\n
Once complete their career plan, they will spend the next three weeks to relearn what they have missed in their regular courses. After complete, they can return to their regular class as nothing has happened. Most students told me that the four special weeks in \u201cremedial class\u201d really helping them to understand their educational direction, set realistic goals, refresh their knowledge and many are motivating to study again. Among these students over 80% of them return to the same fields of study that they selected, many graduated and do well in their career.<\/p>\n
The more I work with these students, the more that I realize that career planning is essential for all college students. I recommend that ever university should develop a career planning workshop at the beginning of the school year to help students to select the right fields of study that fit their interests and strengths and set their educational goals realistically. By having a well-established career plan to guide students in their education journey, the school can avoid the problem of students losing their sense of direction in mid-year that impact their motivation to learn. When students are no longer motivated, school need to take corrective action early so recovery can be quick and students\u2019 lives do not have to deteriorate to the sense of desperate and failure.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Khi sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hi v\u1ecdng cao. Th\u1eddi gian \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u00ed th\u00fa nh\u1ea5t … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4481","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4481"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4481\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4482,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4481\/revisions\/4482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4481"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4481"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4481"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}