C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng \u00edch l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn cho c\u00f4ng ti n\u1ebfu c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m n\u1ebfu c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u n\u00f3. V\u00ec n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f4ng ti th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u201c\u0111\u1ee3i cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng “t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft” b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0169 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n
Khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (PC) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u coi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i” ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn” th\u1ef1c. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed: \u201cL\u00e0m sao m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u1ecf do hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u0103m tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la do IBM x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ef1c c\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d Nh\u01b0ng PC \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Digital Equipment, Data General, v\u00e0 Wang Computer v.v. ra kh\u1ecfi kinh doanh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 bu\u1ed9c IBM r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n. V\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ai tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00e3i t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n
C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra khi Internet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ra. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t “ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn” th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ea5p cao tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1edbi nhau, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n “t\u00e1n g\u1eabu” gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.\u201d Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecf qua Internet nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 \u201cv\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng\u201d ch\u1ec9 \u00edt c\u00f4ng ti th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra Amazon v\u00e0 Google.<\/p>\n
Khi c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i l\u1edbn ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0o trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed k\u00eau l\u00ean: \u201cM\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn nhau. Kh\u00f4ng ai s\u1ebd mua m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u00ean trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.\u201d Nh\u01b0ng Steve Jobs nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ra l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 Apple t\u1ea1o ra \u201ciPhone\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ho\u00e1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: \u201cPh\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng m\u01a1 t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. N\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 50% t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 50% tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt.\u201d Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 “bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9” do vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kinh doanh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u1ecb g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi n\u1eefa. Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m email thay v\u00ec th\u01b0 t\u1eeb; h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecdc tin t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh thay v\u00ec b\u00e1o ch\u00ed; h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ecm nh\u01b0 Google v\u00e0 Bing; h\u1ecd mua v\u00e0 b\u00e1n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn thay v\u00ec m\u1edf c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u1eadt l\u00ed; h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua v\u00e0 b\u00e1n ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn hay \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e9 du l\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y laptop ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1eeb kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kinh doanh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho c\u00f4ng ti nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 h\u01a1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n hay h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u00ec th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi th\u0103m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00f4i “b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n” trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng anh ta. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ra thu nh\u1eadp, chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ea7n, b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m ph\u00fat. Anh ta n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m, s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i thu th\u1eadp h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m ph\u00fat, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00fang r\u1ed3i hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb cho t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed; t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o c\u00e1o. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.\u201d \u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 trong b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i, anh \u1ea5y b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng khi anh \u1ea5y th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 xe \u0111i $500 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, anh \u1ea5y l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3m $700 cho xe c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y n\u1eefa. Anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201c\u00d4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh th\u1ebf. H\u1ec7 Trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 \u0111i $200 \u0111\u00f4 la nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i th\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n xe l\u00ean 5% m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u00edt h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd th\u00e2u t\u00f3m th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0.5% ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u Big data ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang.\u201d<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn \u0111ang d\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 Trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Big data \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5p cao l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd logic v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m hay thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi “c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u0169”, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd “\u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9” v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n thay v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 logic. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft ai s\u1ebd th\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0o s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh cao n\u00e0y. L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ea7n vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn, tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 sai, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. Internet m\u1edf ra c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho c\u00e1c hackers n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 can nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p l\u1eadu ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o s\u1ebd “l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta”, nh\u01b0ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi “l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n
L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, t\u00f4i y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, lu\u00e2n l\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 trung l\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra n\u00f3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u00f3 theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00ean cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang ta, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Information technology and our world<\/p>\n
Technology changes fast and creates new challenges for every company and its management but some may not know what to do. Technologies can give significant benefits for companies if management understands it well but it can be difficult and costly if the management does not understand it. Because of that fear, many company managers often take the attitude of \u201cWait until thing is clear\u201d before doing anything then they miss the opportunity. Some managers have the \u201cI know\u201d syndrome by disregard what they do not know and continue to do the same thing as nothing has happened.<\/p>\n
When the Personal Computer (PC) was created, most managers considered it as a \u201cToy\u201d rather than a real \u201cInnovation\u201d. A manager told a newspapers: \u201cHow a small computer created by two persons who did not even finish college can replace a five million dollars computer developed by IBM? It is ridiculous.\u201d But PC changed everything and put all big computer companies like Digital Equipment, Data General, and Wang Computer etc. out of business and almost forced IBM into bankruptcy. At that time no one believed that a small computer could increase office efficiencies, reduce cost and started the electronic revolution that last until today.<\/p>\n
The same thing also happened when the Internet was founded. Most managers did not see it as another real \u201cinnovation\u201d. A senior executive declared: \u201cThere is no need to connect computer together, computer is created to do work, not to talk to each other. We do not want \u201cGossip\u201d among computer.\u201d Most companies ignored the Internet as \u201cuseless\u201d only few saw it as a new way of doing business and they created Amazon and Google.<\/p>\n
When engineers at a large phone company demonstrated that it was possible to integrate a computer into a mobile phone, a manager shouted: \u201cComputer is computer and phone is phone and the two do not mix. No one would buy a computer inside a phone.\u201d But Steve Jobs heard about it and immediately ordered Apple engineers to create the \u201ciPhone\u201d and completely revolutionize the telecommunication industry again. He often said: \u201cInnovation is about connecting all the dots to create products that nobody ever dreams of before. It requires 50% imagination and 50% technical knowledge.\u201d However, most managers think they already \u201cknow everything\u201d due to their lack of imagination and that is why many miss the opportunity.\u201d<\/p>\n
Information technology changes the way companies do business and the way people work. With technology, many works are automated and some jobs are eliminated but at the same time it creates new jobs too. Today people check emails instead of letters; they read news from computers or smartphones instead of newspapers; they get answers to their questions using search engines such as Google and Bing; they buy and sell things online instead of open physical stores; they can buy and sell stocks online or book their travel online using their own laptops. From the business aspect, information technology can automate many works, increases efficiency and effectiveness as well as reduce costs and increase profits for any company. Technology gives companies a lot of advantages that never exist before and for the leaders, there is more information available from which they can make decisions fast. Instead of waiting for weeks or months for reports, today leaders can get any information they need in matter of few minutes.<\/p>\n
Few months ago, I visited an automobile company in S. Korea where the executive showed me a \u201cDashboard\u201d in his office. It showed revenues, operating costs, profits, and other information that executive needs, the dashboard were updated every fifteen minutes. He said: \u201cWith this business intelligence system, I can also see what my competitors are doing, their sales, their costs and their profits too. That is why I can make decision quickly because my software collects millions of market information all over the world every five minute, analyzes and organizes them then display for me to make decisions. I do not need management meeting; I do not have to read reports. Everything is here, simple and fast because of information technology.\u201d That night during dinner, he told me that when he saw one of the competitors reduced their car price by $500 dollars to boost sale, he immediately made phone call to his management and ordered a $700 dollars reduction for his car too. He said: \u201cYou probably wonder why I make decision that fast. The Business Intelligence systems has predicted that if I reduce the price by $200 dollars more than my competitor then I could increase car sales by 5% although my profit will be less but I will capture additional 0.5% of the market and by the end of the year, my company value could increase over a billion dollars. All of these are possible due to the sophisticated Big data analytics software that predict the future market and helps me to make the right decision.\u201d<\/p>\n
Today many large companies are using Business Intelligence systems and Big data analytics to help senior managers to make decisions based on facts and data. Everything they do is purely logic and statistics, there is no emotional or personal bias in these types of decision making which is completely different from the \u201cold management style\u201d who believes that they \u201calready know everything\u201d and refuse to learn new things. These people often make decisions based on personal biases and opinions rather than facts and logic. I know who are going to win and which company will succeed in this highly competitive world. Today leadership needs vision, knowledge and then relies on facts and data to make necessary decisions.<\/p>\n
Technology can takes us to a new level but as person, we also must think carefully about what is right and wrong, and what is ethical. The Internet opens a new way to do business globally instead of locally but it also opens the door to hackers as well. Mobile phones allow workers to work from anywhere, but it could interfere with personal life as manager can contact workers anytime. Digital technology creates products with no manufacturing costs, but it also creates piracy for software, music, and other products too. Most people often think about what technology will \u201cdo for us\u201d, but few would pay attention to what it might \u201cdo to us\u201d.<\/p>\n
As a technical person, I love technologies and what they can make our lives better but I also caution my students that they must learn the positive as well as the negative of what technologies can do. Beside technical skills, they must understand ethics, moral and be aware that technologies itself is neutral but it is the people who use it, who create it and who control it to certain purposes. Students must learn about the impact of technology in our lives, our society, as well as the world because we are living in a connected world where everything in interrelated and integrated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4374"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4374\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4375,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4374\/revisions\/4375"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}