\u201cM\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” l\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p nhau l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 hay kh\u00f4ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc “nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc “m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” ch\u1ec9 68% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong c\u00f9ng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o d\u00f9ng m\u00f4n “Nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1edbt sinh vi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean y\u1ebfu. M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean ghi danh v\u00e0o Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, t\u00f4i \u01b0a th\u00edch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean trong l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00ed v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 sau.\u201d M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 “m\u00f4n nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f4n kh\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi logic \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i tin “m\u00f4n nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00f4n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0y nay. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u KH\u00d4NG BAO GI\u1edc n\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o v\u1edbi mi\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p hay c\u00e1c l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 bao qu\u00e1t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa “nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo “phong c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n” \u0111\u1ec3 bao qu\u00e1t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. S\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t trong Khoa h\u1ecdc M\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 tr\u00ean 300 trang v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng 800 trang \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n bao qu\u00e1t tr\u00ean 60 t\u1edbi 70 trang t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n “do\u1ea1” sinh vi\u00ean hay cho h\u1ecd “tri th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n” trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecf l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ghi danh v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n
Sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 k\u00ec thi h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 lo \u00e2u. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c n\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00ec h\u1ecd lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Khi sinh vi\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 hi v\u1ecdng cao r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 “t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0i nghi” n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c hay kh\u00f4ng. Thay v\u00ec khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 t\u1ef1 tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong m\u00f4n “Nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n hay l\u00e0m tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp h\u1ecd v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 cho nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc, chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed non tr\u1ebb v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1eebng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111am m\u00ea h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trong sinh vi\u00ean. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn: \u201cB\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ed3i, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 h\u1ecdc trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng em xin tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i th\u1ea7y v\u00ec em kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u1edb c\u00e1i g\u00ec.\u201d \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn bu\u1ed3n n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
L\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7 m\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4n nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 sau trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00ean li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. T\u1eebng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1eadp c\u00e1c tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean th\u1ebf v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf v\u1edbi h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG th\u1ebf cho sinh vi\u00ean. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 “m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 sau trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, “m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang th\u0103m d\u00f2 c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch. T\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p sinh vi\u00ean trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, kinh doanh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc “nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m” c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tnhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng sau khi h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n chuy\u1ec3n sang “K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.\u201d<\/p>\n
Trong khi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00ed, l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c trong m\u00f4n nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. V\u00ec “m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n l\u00e2m, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao “gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc” l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y.\u00a0“B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc” kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n cho sinh vi\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan kh\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1i ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n sinh vi\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t, \u0111am m\u00ea h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean, k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nhanh v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng; b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd khuy\u00ean r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd n\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng, “m\u00f4n nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u1edbi hay \u00edt kinh nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn v\u00ec m\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG d\u1ec5 d\u1ea1y. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i tin “m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The introductory course<\/p>\n
The \u201cIntroductory course\u201d is the first course that students must take before taking others. The term \u201cintroductory\u201d means the first time students encounter with the field of study but it also determines whether they will continue in this field or not. This is similar to a situation when two people meet for the first time, whatever impression they get from each other will determine whether they will have a relationship or not. Therefore, teaching the \u201cIntroduction\u201d course is NOT the same as teaching other courses.<\/p>\n
According to a university research, each year among students who take the \u201cIntroduction courses\u201d only 68% of them continue in the same field because some switch to other fields. I am not surprise because many teachers are using the \u201cIntroduction\u201d course to eliminate students, especially the weaker ones. One teacher told me: \u201cNot all students who enroll in Computer Science will do well, I prefer to eliminate as many as possible in my first class so I do not have to deal with them later.\u201d Some teachers share the same viewpoint and \u201cIntroduction course\u201d has become a difficult course in some schools.<\/p>\n
I do NOT agree with that logic. I believe the \u201cIntroduction course\u201d must be the course that promote the field of study, encourage students to learn more by pointing out all the relevancies and important of the field in today\u2019s working environment. Student must be taught about the knowledge and skills and what they must have in order to succeed in a career in that field. The Introduction should NEVER be a comprehensive course with a wide range of complex formulas or theories to cover everything in the field of study. I have reviewed many \u201cIntroduction\u201d textbooks and found that many are written in \u201ccomprehensive style\u201d of cover everything about the subject. The shortest textbook in Computer Science or Software Engineering is over 300 pages and the longest is about 800 pages which means teachers need to cover over 60 to 70 pages of material a week. It seemed the authors want to \u201cscare\u201d students or give them a \u201ccomprehensive knowledge\u201d in their first few months in college. It may also explain why some students drop out of the subjected field that they want to enroll in.<\/p>\n
Young students are always feeling uncomfortable about school. Many are blocked from developing their own potential resulting from so many tests and annual exams that give them fears and anxieties. These feelings are heightening during the first year in college as they are worried about their ability to succeed. When students select a field of study, they have high hope that they will do well but they also have certain \u201cself-doubt\u201d whether they are selecting the right field or not. Instead of encourage them and confirm their beliefs, some teachers destroy their confidence in the \u201cIntroduction\u201d courses by make it more difficult or overwhelmed them with so much information that force some students to drop out. There is a monetary cost of letting so many promising students drop out, switch to other fields of study but the worst is to add more fears to a young mind about learning and stop the potential of developing a passion for learning among students. Few years ago I heard a graduate commented: \u201cNow that I graduate, everything I learned in school I would give back to the teachers as I do not want to remember anything.\u201d That is a sad comment if many students feel that way.<\/p>\n
As teacher, we must remind ourselves that the introductory course cannot prepare students for all the possible content of the fields of study. They will learn them later in other specific courses discipline, our goal is to promote the field of study and encourage students to learn more. Therefore the materials should be relevant to a career in the field of study. Each field of study has a unique perspective and set of knowledge and skills that students must know. Many teachers assume that these are so obvious because they are so automatic to them but NOT the students. That is why we have the \u201cIntroductory courses\u201d to introduce students to the skills that they will learn later in other courses. There is another factor, the \u201cintroductory course\u201d may also have some students who have not yet committed to a field of study but they are exploring possibilities and they should be encouraged. I always allow students in electronic engineering, mathematics, business, even literature to take my \u201cintroduction to software Engineering\u201d courses. I want to attract more students into studying this field and resulting in several students who told me that after taking my class, they want to switch to \u201cSoftware Engineering.\u201d<\/p>\n
While many teachers are focusing on principles, theories, formulas and other intellectual matters in their introduction courses, I often spend more time on attitudes, values, feelings, and ethical considerations that students need to know before entering this field. Because \u201cintroductory course\u201d is students\u2019 first experience with the field of study, it is an important time to establish positive attitudes about the field, the academic environment, and the college learning which is different from high school learning. It is a time to explain why a “college education” is critical in this changing world.\u00a0 A \u201ccollege degree\u201d is not a guarantee for job. I like to give students a different perspective that they must look beyond the short term of having a degree to the long term goals of being professionals and experts in the field. I want students to develop a good studying habit, a passion for learning and an attitude for lifelong learning first. I would spend several weeks to know more about students\u2019 background, study skills, and personal interests before moving to the academic parts. Many problems of the first year students often come from assumptions which teachers make about what students already know or can do. I often conduct a quick assessment of student\u2019s skills to make sure that they can take the course and be able to succeed; else I would recommend that they take other remedial courses to improve their skills.<\/p>\n
In many schools, \u201cIntroductory courses\u201d are often assigned to new or less-experienced teachers. This is a big mistake as this course may be simple but NOT easy to teach. Although higher levels and more complex subject matter requires experienced teachers but I believe the \u201cIntroductory courses\u201d should be taught by experienced teachers who are passionate for the field and who know well about the subjects to encourage more exchange and collaboration between teachers and students.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u201cM\u00f4n h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” l\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n” ngh\u0129a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4367","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4367"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4367\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4368,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4367\/revisions\/4368"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}