Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111ang d\u00f9ng “ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p” \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. Ki\u1ec3u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean l\u1edbp gi\u1eefa th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c video tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp. Sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eabn t\u1edbi l\u1edbp, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i xem video hay \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c qua th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c video tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i ngh\u0129 video kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng.\u201d T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cVideo KH\u00d4NG thay th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam cho vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “th\u1ea7y th\u1ef1c” v\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1edbp tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean xem m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u00ean video. Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eabn h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc hay xem m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n video ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc trong l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fat \u00edt hay kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec nh\u01b0ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t h\u1ecd t\u1edbi l\u1edbp s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng m\u1ecdi l\u00fac nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean qua th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn l\u1edbp.\u201d<\/p>\n
Anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c: \u201cV\u1eady th\u00ec kh\u00e1c g\u00ec? T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean video, h\u1ecd xem video c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i r\u1ed3i t\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i sao?\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTrong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, th\u1ea7y chia c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c “\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u1ecdc r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c” nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 nh\u1ecf n\u01a1i th\u1ea7y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. (nh\u01b0, th\u1ea7y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec) r\u1ed3i ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n: tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t video ng\u1eafn th\u1ea7y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y mu\u1ed1n sinh vi\u00ean bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp. Video n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 10 t\u1edbi 15 ph\u00fat (Sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xem c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 15 ph\u00fat) r\u1ed3i th\u1ea7y thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft d\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 v\u00ec th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh \u201cT\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec? Sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp?\u201d V\u00e0 \u201cL\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean xem video hay \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp?\u201d<\/p>\n
Anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 video tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp hay thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh \u1ea5y: \u201cNg\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean KH\u00d4NG c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 sinh vi\u00ean hai m\u01b0\u01a1i hay n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ecd t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng d\u00e0i n\u1eefa. Cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u1ecd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc m\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u1ea1y, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e2u, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n chia c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c m\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. Sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n.\u201d<\/p>\n
Anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3: \u201cD\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n cho h\u1ecd? \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0y nay sao?”<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c v\u1edbi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t video ng\u1eafn n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a Google \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi n\u0103m k\u0129 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 Google c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y trong thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m say, m\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean t\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nghe c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i l\u1edbp, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3. K\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd xem video v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ng\u1eafn m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a cho sinh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n khi h\u1ecd t\u1edbi l\u1edbp.\u201d<\/p>\n
Anh \u1ea5y t\u00f2 m\u00f2: \u201cL\u00e0m sao th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho l\u1edbp?”<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c “h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3” ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea5y, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c “nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p” ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho l\u1edbp; thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1y; th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong hai ph\u1ea7n: c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean l\u1edbp r\u1ed3i \u0111o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean, s\u1eeda sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho h\u1ecd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i t\u1eadp, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v.v. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong l\u1edbp. Sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1edb c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 v\u00ec v\u1edbi laptop v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “Google\u201d b\u1ea5t k\u00ec th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u00e0y nay vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb “ghi nh\u1edb” sang “\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng” v\u00e0 v\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111i, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eed nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cL\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, th\u1ea7y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. L\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem video ng\u1eafn hay \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ng\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. L\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf r\u1ed3i quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng. Qua th\u1eddi gian th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd giao cho nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a video v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ng\u1eafn l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian cho th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c tham gia c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111ang h\u1ecdc th\u00eam kh\u00f4ng.\u201d<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
—English version—<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
A conversation about teaching method<\/p>\n
Today universities are using \u201cblending teaching method\u201d to increase students\u2019 learning effectiveness. This type of method or blended course involves a combination of classroom interactions between teachers and students and online videos, pre-class reading materials. Students still go to class, but must watch videos or reading materials as supplement to their classroom activities. The goal is to facilitate better student\u2019s learning, reduce classroom lectures, and increase interactions via classroom discussions.<\/p>\n
There are evidences that the combination of pre-class online videos and in-class lectures can improve students\u2019 learning. However some teachers are uncomfortable about this method, especially in Asia where lecturing is still the main method. Few years ago when I taught in Asia, a teacher told me: \u201cI do not think a video can be used to substitute lecture.\u201d I explained: \u201cVideos are NOT substituted but additional to your teaching. Nothing can replace a \u201cReal teacher\u201d and blended course is NOT online class where students watching everything on videos. In this teaching method, students still learn from your lecture but they must do some readings or watching a short video first to get some ideas about what they will learn in your class. They may understand a little or nothing but at least they come to class ready to learn more. In this method, you do not have to lecture all the time but use class time to assess students\u2019 learning via class discussion.\u201d<\/p>\n
He was not convinced: \u201cSo what is the difference? I lecture on video, they watch my video then go to class and listen to my lecture again?\u201d<\/p>\n
I explained: \u201cIn this method, you divide a major concept into smaller \u201cdiscrete unit of learnings\u201d. For example, a chapter of the textbook can be divided into several particular topics where you establish clear learning goals for each topic. (i.e., what do you really want students to learn) then divide your teaching activities into two parts: Online and classroom. You tape a short video where you introduce students to the concept that you want students to know before coming to class, This video should be no more than 10 to 15 minutes (Students will not watch something longer than 15 minutes) then you design your lecture to explain the materials in detail to help students to learn more. This sound simple but not easy as you must ask yourself \u201cWhat do I really want students to learn? What things can student learn prior to class?\u201d And \u201cHow can I ensure that students watch the video or read the materials prior to class?\u201d<\/p>\n
He was not happy: \u201cThat is a lot of extra works. I do not see why we need to have a video before the class or change our way of teaching.\u201d<\/p>\n
I told him: \u201cToday students are NOT the same as students twenty or fifty years ago. They are more active and cannot sit quiet, listen to a long lecture anymore. Even they may sit there but their minds are somewhere so they do not learn much from lecturing method. To increase the teaching effectiveness, we need a new approach that is interactive so that they can engage in the learning. Since many students cannot keep attention well, teachers need to breakdown learning subjects into several discrete units that are relevant to the work that they will do after graduated Students will pay attention to relevant materials if they help them to develop the needed skills.\u201d<\/p>\n
He did not like it: \u201cIt seemed that we are making thing easier for them? Is it the goal of teaching today?<\/p>\n
I explained: \u201cThe goals are making the teaching more effective and making students to learn more. You must make thing exciting for them so they want to learn more. Last year, I made a short video where a Google manager mentioned five important skills that Google needed and I talked about these skills in a general terms. The next day, all students came to class with questions as they wanted to know more. They listened carefully to my lecture and actively engaged in class discussion. By the end of the class, they all achieved the learning goals that I set for that day. The technique to make them watch videos and read materials before coming to my class is to make these relevant to their learning goals. I also asked graduates who are working to share their experiences in a short article that I gave students as extra reading materials. It motivated my students to learn more when they come to class.\u201d<\/p>\n
He was curious: \u201cHow do you set your learning goals for a class?<\/p>\n
I explained: \u201cThe learning goals must be challenging but achievable. The goal is NOT develop \u201cscholars\u201d who know many things but cannot do much, my learning goal is focusing on develop \u201cprofessionals\u201d who can apply their knowledge in a particular area. That requires collaborative and interactive efforts between teachers and students. Teachers define the learning goals for the class; design the teaching activities; implement in two parts: Pre-class basics and in-class details then measure students\u2019 understanding, correct their mistakes, and enable them to apply what they have learned to do something. Once they master that skill then teacher can increase the concept complexity using more exercises, case studies etc. Teachers should constantly informed students of their progress based on their actual works in class. Students do not have to memorize things since with laptops and smartphones, they can \u201cGoogle\u201d any information that they need in few seconds but they need to know how to apply their knowledge. Today learning is changing from \u201cmemorization\u201d to \u201capplication\u201d and since students learn things differently, they must be given some flexibility so they can try different ways to learn.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cAs Teacher, you decide the balance between in class activities and pre-class online learning, and then eventually students\u2019 learning will happen. In the beginning students may watch a short video or read a short article before come to class to get familiar with this method. As teacher you must start with small step then watch to see if the real learning is happening based on their understanding. Overtime you will assign more readings and increase the length of the video and shorten your lecture to spend more time for class discussions to monitor students\u2019 engagement to see if they are learning more.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111ang d\u00f9ng “ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p” \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. Ki\u1ec3u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4363","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4363"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4363\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4364,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4363\/revisions\/4364"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}