{"id":4319,"date":"2014-06-20T09:48:43","date_gmt":"2014-06-20T02:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4319"},"modified":"2014-06-20T09:48:43","modified_gmt":"2014-06-20T02:48:43","slug":"phu-nu-trong-linh-vuc-stem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4319","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef h\u1ecdc STEM (Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc) \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi, Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 n\u01a1i v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y t\u00e1 hay kinh doanh. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111ang nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin qua internet, h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM cho n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111ang ghi danh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i ra v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n khi h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong trung h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong khu v\u1ef1c STEM v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tham gia; c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM v\u00e0 s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00ean \u1edf trong c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u1edf trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, trong c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef h\u1ecdc trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 “b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7” n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y nay 34% c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cPh\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, n\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. Ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ghi danh v\u00e0o trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang ta \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ea7n hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e0n \u00f4ng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ti\u00eau nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m g\u00ec m\u1ea5y cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd, th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef g\u00ecn gi\u1eef gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/p>\n

L\u00ed do cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong STEM l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh vai tr\u00f2. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u00e1c t\u00e2m tr\u00ed l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef gi\u1eef cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc n\u00ean \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1eddi h\u1ecd t\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 STEM v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho h\u1ecdc sinh ngay t\u1eeb s\u1edbm trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Women in STEM fields<\/p>\n

There is a global report that found the number of women who study STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) has increased significantly in Africa, Middle East, and Asia where traditionally women often select fields such as literature, arts, education, nurse, or business. The reason is more women are receiving information about career paths and market needs than ever before. The report stated that women are very practical, they understand that in this fast changing global economy, the only way to keep a stable family is to have good job. With the proliferation of information over the internet, they understand that the best jobs are all related to STEM education so more of them are enrolling in STEM fields instead of the traditional careers.<\/p>\n

For years, the lack of information in the STEM fields is a major issue in some countries because these fields typically require students to be prepared to build a strong foundation before starting college. By having early exposure to this information, women are more informed and well prepared when they are still in high school. It also helps women to understand that their gender should NOT determine their career. Today women can study anything and work in any professions that they want to. Without understanding all the opportunities that are available, women may think they cannot work in STEM areas and without women involvement; there are long-term consequences for the society. It is important for high school administrations and teachers to encourage more women to pursue STEM fields and correct the negative perceptions that women should stay in traditional careers.<\/p>\n

For many years, Indian women are often told to stay in the traditional works, in small villages, many cannot even go to school. However, the situation has changed in the past twenty years with the explosion of information technology and the need for more workers. Now India has more women who study in STEM fields than any other Asian countries and it changes the image of women in this \u201cconservative\u201d culture. Today 34% of software workers in India are women. An executive explains: \u201cSoftware is probably the best job for women, it pays more than other jobs and it helps their family. More and more women are enrolling in software field than ever before and due to their contributions, our society is much more stable. Today it takes two people to work to raise a family and women contribute at least half or even more for their family. Men may make more but they also spent more and most do not save much for their family, actually it is the women to keep the family stable and by having more women working, we have better and stable society.\u201d<\/p>\n

The reason for women not pursue a career in STEM is the lack of information and role models. If we want to attract the best and brightest minds into the fields that will help advance the society forward and create more jobs, we cannot focus on only half of the population. Today both parents and teachers must overcome their own biases about what careers are appropriate for women. They must realize that it is the women that keep the society stable and the family intact and as more of them are working in high paying jobs, the better the economy. Today schools should reach out to professional women and invite them to encourage younger girls to learn more about STEM and act as role models for students as early as in elementary and high school before they reach college.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef h\u1ecdc STEM (Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc) \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4319"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4319\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4321,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4319\/revisions\/4321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4319"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}