{"id":4249,"date":"2014-05-10T17:00:55","date_gmt":"2014-05-10T10:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4249"},"modified":"2014-05-10T17:00:55","modified_gmt":"2014-05-10T10:00:55","slug":"nghe-cong-nghe-canh-quan-cua-phu-nu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4249","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7: C\u1ea3nh quan c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kathy Chang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Google, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00f4i v\u1eabn nh\u1edb ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Khi t\u00f4i nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \u201cL\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 KH\u00d4NG d\u00e0nh cho con g\u00e1i, ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c \u0111i!\u201d Em trai t\u00f4i c\u01b0\u1eddi to: \u201cCh\u1ecb \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ghi\u1ec1n tin h\u1ecdc!\u201d M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u b\u1ed1 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng con g\u00e1i m\u00ecnh g\u00e0n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 \u1edf M\u0129\u00a0 trong ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y 10 n\u0103m cho n\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 “ki\u1ec3u c\u0169” v\u00e0 tin r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i \u1edf nh\u00e0, l\u1ea5y ch\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5ng con c\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecd n\u00ean \u0111i theo c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e0nh cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, y t\u00e1 hay th\u01b0 k\u00ed. H\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1edf \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t \u1edf trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t trong ki\u1ec3m tra SAT, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn Carnegie Mellon v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i. L\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 65 sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba n\u1eef. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi \u00edt n\u1eef th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 nam, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau trong t\u1ed5 b\u1ed1n hay n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Hi\u1ebfm khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef cho n\u00ean kh\u00f3 cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u1eef trong ki\u1ec3u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a n\u1eef trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1c m\u00f4n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a CMU l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n t\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh cao nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u00edch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. C\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng con g\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m khoa h\u1ecdc hay to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t trong m\u00f4n to\u00e1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, qui tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n ch\u00fat \u00edt v\u1edbi m\u00f4n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 truy l\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c m\u00f4n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0i l\u1edbp doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTrong n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Google. Ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tr\u00edch r\u00fat ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ecm l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. T\u00f4i th\u00edch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u00f3 trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Anh ta \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khai ph\u00e1 web \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. V\u00ec t\u00f4i y\u00eau to\u00e1n, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c g\u00e2y ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean cho to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1eadn ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed to\u00e0n th\u1eddi. Trong l\u1edbp, t\u00f4i l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. Ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng khi k\u00ed v\u00e0o l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean $50,000 \u0111\u00f4 la. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y cho\u00e1ng cho b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u1eef trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c n\u1eef h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3, \u1edf ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eefa. Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1eef trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi nam trong t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Qua th\u1eddi gian, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00ec t\u00f4i gi\u1ecfi to\u00e1n v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m t\u00f4i nghe h\u1ecd n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00f4 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ed5 ch\u00fang ta, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 \u1ea5y ch\u00fang ta may m\u1eafn th\u1ebf.\u201d V\u00e0 l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c: \u201cC\u00f4 \u1ea5y t\u1edbi t\u1eeb Carnegie Mellon \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4 \u1ea5y gi\u1ecfi th\u1ebf.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f4i.”<\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i n\u0103m n\u0103m qua t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef: \u201cN\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec?\u201d Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 n\u01a1i h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng. Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111ang h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1o ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd cho t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e3ng 1.7 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2010 v\u00e0 2020, m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 trong \u0111\u00f3 4.5 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i k\u1ebd h\u1edf qu\u00e3ng 2.8 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p k\u00edn v\u00e0 2.8 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean $1.2 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0o. C\u1ee9 cho l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u1ec9 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 thi\u1ebfu n\u00e0y? Sao kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef theo \u0111u\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sinh l\u1eddi v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin? Sao ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai?\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cKhi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt sinh l\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0y nay vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng trung b\u00ecnh\u00a0 ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb qu\u00e3ng $85,000 t\u1edbi $120,000. T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, n\u01a1i qu\u00e1 ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng trung b\u00ecnh x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 $42,000 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng $53,000 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc. T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 y t\u00e1, n\u01a1i 95 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1c y t\u00e1 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 $56,000. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u01b0 k\u00ed hay ti\u1ebfp t\u00e2n n\u01a1i 99 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cVi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u00edch l\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u1eefa. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c KH\u00d4NG h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111ang b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao, tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea9n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p cho. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn tin r\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 KH\u00d4NG d\u00e0nh cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf ch\u1ed7 t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf ng\u00e0y nay.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cV\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i, l\u1ea5y b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt r\u1ed3i b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh k\u00ec di\u1ec7u ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng n\u00f3. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 gian nan, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. Trong \u201cth\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y\u201d, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111ang m\u1edf ra cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef cho n\u00ean n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y \u0111i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o d\u1ea1n l\u00ean v\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nhau ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Technology Career: A woman’s perspectives<\/p>\n

Kathy Chang was one of my students who graduated five years ago and currently working at Google, she is willing to share her experience with current students.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cI still remember my parents\u2019 reaction when I told them that I wanted to study Computer Science in college. When I mentioned it, my mother shook her head and said: \u201cThat field is NOT for girl, select something else!\u201d My younger brother laughed out loud: \u201cShe wants to study computer. She is a geek!\u201d Although my father did not say anything but he probably thought that his daughter was crazy. We were immigrants from China and only settled in the U.S for less than 10 years so my parents were still \u201cold fashion\u201d and believe that women must stay home, get married, and raised children. If go to college they should follow the traditional women careers such as being teachers, nurses, or secretaries. Study Computer Science was definitely NOT in their mind. But I am determined to follow my dream to be a software developer.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cSince I had good grades in high school and did well on the SAT test, it was not difficult to get accepted to several top universities. I chose Carnegie Mellon as it ranked as one of the best schools in Computer Science and I wanted the best for myself. My class had 65 students and I was one of three women. Working with so few women was a disadvantage as we did not have many to study with. Computer science was mostly male-oriented, and most people tended to work together in team of four or five. It was rare to have a mixed group of men and women so it was difficult for most women in this type of teamwork but I determined to succeed and change the image of women in this field.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cCMU\u2019s computer courses were more difficult than I thought, the learning environment was highly competitive but I liked challenging works. There was a belief that girls cannot do science or math but I proved that was wrong as I did well in all math courses, better than most. I was one of the top students in programming languages, data structures, software process and quality, and project management. Although I struggled with software architecture and information retrieval course a little but overall, I was still one of the top students in the program. Beside technical courses, I also took several business classes to learn how companies are using information technology, how they operate and how technology can increase their effectiveness and efficiency.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIn my third year, I had internship at Google. My first assignment was to build a language extraction function for a larger search engine project. I like the work so much that I completed it in few weeks and surprised the project manager. He asked me to develop complex algorithms for the multimedia web mining project. This was a challenging work with a lot of complex mathematics. Since I loved math, I had no problem and did it so well that surprised the entire project team. The project manager recognized my ability and offered me a full time position. Among my class, I was the only student who had a job offer one year before graduation. The best part was that I received very high salary, excellent sign-in bonus, and stock options worth over $50,000 dollars. That shock my parents and afterward they changed their attitude about the role of women in science and technology. By having a job at top software company, I also received a lot of respect from my classmates.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cAlthough it is difficult as a women studying computer in college, in the work place it is an issue too. Even though you have your computer science degree, you are still a woman in the world of men. However it is a challenge that I wanted to overcome so I worked closely with all the men in our team. Overtime, many would seek my advices on technical issues because I am very good with math and algorithms. One day I heard they said: \u201cShe is the best people in our team, we are so fortunate to have her.\u201d And another comment: \u201cShe came from Carnegie Mellon that is why she is so good.\u201d That made me proud of what I have accomplished and about the reputation of my school.”<\/p>\n

\u201cLooking back to the past five years I have one question for women: \u201cWhat difference does it make if women do not study science or technology?\u201d In my opinion, it could be a huge loss for women regardless where they live. All over the world, only few women are studying science or technology and they miss some of the best jobs available today. The information technology industry is creating more jobs than universities are producing technology graduates. Based on a global study, the world will graduate about 1.7 million technology people between 2010 and 2020, a decade during which 4.5 million technology jobs will open up, leaving a gap of about 2.8 million unfilled computing jobs and these 2.8 million jobs would pay over $1.2 trillion dollars in wages and that is a lot of money for any economy. Given that women only make up not even one-fifth of science and technology graduates, why are we not picking up the slack? Why not begin to encourage women to pursue these lucrative and plentiful jobs as programmers, developers, systems analysts, and information systems managers? Why women do not want to be part of something that is so important in the future?\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen women are not participated in science and technology field, they miss out on lucrative technical careers. Today the highest paying jobs for women are in software, an industry in which only about one-tenth of workers are women. The best jobs for women are computer programmer, software developer, information systems manager and systems analyst, with median pay ranging from about $85,000 to $120,000. Contrast that with the teaching profession, where more than three-quarters of school teachers are women with median pay is approximately $42,000 in elementary schools and about $53,000 in high schools. Contrast that with nursing profession, where 95 percent of nurses are women and their median pay is approximately $56,000. I do not want to mention secretary or receptionist positions where about 99 percent are women and the pay is much lower.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTechnology jobs offer higher pay than any others but the advantages are more than that. Today technology is impacting everything and you can apply your skills in almost anything that you like to do. If you do not want to work in software industry, you can work for finance and banking industry, they need computer workers. Healthcare industry and hospitals need computer workers too. By NOT studying technology in college, women are missing out opportunities to have high salaries, stock-options, being independent, and flexibility that these careers offer. Although some people still believe that science and technology are NOT for women, I can prove that they are completely wrong because technology got me where I am today.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTo women who are still undecided, I want to say: \u201cWhy hesitate, take your first step toward technical career then you will have a wonderful journey ahead and you can make a difference in this world. To women who are already study technology, my advice is to stay with it. It is challenging, it is hard, but there are other people that have done it and they are doing very well. In this \u201cknowledge age\u201d, everything is opening up to women so seize the opportunity and be brave because you are paving the way for the next generation and together we will change the world.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kathy Chang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Google, c\u00f4 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4249"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4251,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4249\/revisions\/4251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}