{"id":4240,"date":"2014-05-07T00:42:18","date_gmt":"2014-05-06T17:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4240"},"modified":"2014-05-07T00:42:18","modified_gmt":"2014-05-06T17:42:18","slug":"cong-ti-khoi-nghiep-la-giai-phap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4240","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u1edf M\u0129 (94%) trong ba th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 qua \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u00edt h\u01a1n n\u0103m n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edbi n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra trung b\u00ecnh ba tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, trong khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ki\u1ec3u hay k\u00edch c\u1ee1 n\u00e0o \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m trung b\u00ecnh qu\u00e3ng m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u00e2u t\u00f3m th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 kinh t\u1ebf suy tho\u00e1i, con s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edbi \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn cho kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf vi\u1ebft: \u201cNh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edbi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21 n\u00e0y. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng con s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p?\u201d<\/p>\n

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti “gi\u00e0” th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, kinh doanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed cao v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn th\u1ea5p; vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ec7 trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. L\u00ed do nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p STEM \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. (Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m ng\u00e2n qu\u0129 cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c phi-STEM trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t ng\u00e2n qu\u0129 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c STEM). \u0110\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u qui ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u mong manh, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn then ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 trau d\u1ed3i v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201cM\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn. M\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “v\u00f9ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t” v\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thu\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ecd trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Startup company is the solution<\/p>\n

According to a new economic research, almost all new job creation in the U.S. (94%) over the past three decades has come from technology start-up companies that are less than five year old. These new companies create an average of three million new jobs annually, while existing companies of any type or size are reducing an average of about one million jobs each year. As many established companies bankrupted, more new startup companies are emerging and capture the market.<\/p>\n

All over the world, after a decade of economic recession, the number of new companies formation is increasing and change the global economy significantly in recent years. An economist wrote: \u201cThese new companies are the main engine of job creation, the solution to our economic recession, and the foundation for prosperity in this 21st century. The question is what can we do to increase the number of startups and solve the unemployment situation?\u201d<\/p>\n

According to the research, there are two things that caused \u201cold\u201d companies failed: Many are using obsoleted technologies, their business is inefficient, ineffective with high costs and low profits; their management is function badly in the competitive global market since they cannot change their mindset accordingly. The reason many new companies are successful because they are using technology to increase effectiveness and efficiency and having highly educated managers who understand global market as well as have good knowledge of technology. The research found that the major obstacle encountered by most startups is the shortage of skilled technology people to grow the industry. To solve this problem, government must issue policy requiring that Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) be given the highest priority in state education system and increase the number of STEM graduates to meet industry demand. (Many countries, including India and China already reducing funding for Non-STEM education in their state schools, and move their annual funding allocation to STEM fields). To promote growth in technology startups, government must reduce overregulation and tax burden to encourage more startups. Since these new startup companies are fragile, they need at least three to stabilize before they can create more jobs. Given their role as the key source of innovation and job creation, they need a comprehensive policy designed to cultivate and nurture them as they are an important aspect of the economy. Without that, the country may not be able to create enough jobs necessary to solve the unemployment problem.<\/p>\n

The research concludes: \u201cEvery country must improve its education, especially in technology as it is the fuels of innovations. Every government must issue policies to promote startups and develop \u201cspecial economic zones\u201d with tax incentives for new startups and nurture them in the first few years of their establishment to grow the economy back to prosperity.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u1edf M\u0129 (94%) trong ba th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 qua \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4240"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4242,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4240\/revisions\/4242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}