{"id":413,"date":"2013-06-19T19:19:59","date_gmt":"2013-06-19T12:19:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=413"},"modified":"2013-06-19T19:19:59","modified_gmt":"2013-06-19T12:19:59","slug":"hoc-gi-trong-thoi-kho-khan-nay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=413","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ecdc g\u00ec trong th\u1eddi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y?"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cEm mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hay Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh khi em v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc sang n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng em lo l\u1eafng v\u00ec c\u00f3 \u00edt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc em. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111ang trong suy tho\u00e1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang sa th\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc em. Em n\u00ean h\u1ecdc g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/p>\n

C\u1ee9 hai n\u0103m, S\u1edf th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea lao \u0111\u1ed9ng M\u0129 l\u1ea1i cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t bao qu\u00e1t th\u1eddi k\u00ec 2010-2020 n\u00f3i: \u201cTrong 10 nh\u00f3m ngh\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb gi\u1edd t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2020 l\u00e0 16.8%. (T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng qua m\u1ecdi ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0 10.1 %.).\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cNgh\u1ec1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc) l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2012 (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 bao qu\u00e1t to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o) v\u00e0 n\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201cM\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 13.4%; Khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfn 5.6%; Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt l\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 3.1%; khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 60%.\u201d\u00a0<\/b>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7, ngh\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 60% trong M\u1eccI vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb gi\u1edd cho t\u1edbi 2020.<\/b><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ecnh cho t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Obama n\u0103m 2010 vi\u1ebft: \u201cL\u0129nh v\u1ef1c C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. M\u1ecdi ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u1ed1i trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u0129.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao th\u1ebf? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n; ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y nay \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn kinh doanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ti vi, phim \u1ea3nh, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i video, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, Internet, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v.v b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin) \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang kinh qua thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, d\u1ec5 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng khi b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi cung v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u do l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT (m\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT) nh\u01b0ng 75% ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p thay v\u00ec cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 n\u0103ng. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cho d\u00f9 \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Cho n\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i khi t\u00f4i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t: \u201cNhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng PC \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o Internet, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 PowerPoint, Excel, Word, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u00e3 Java \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u qua m\u1ecdi k\u00ec thi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecb quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 b\u1edfi “tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c” \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n giao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t hay gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m thi cao \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o “tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 d\u1ec5”, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef h\u1ecd b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u “\u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp” c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nhau.\u201d<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra v\u00e0i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cB\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng hay ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng? B\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi hay ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o d\u1ec5 xin v\u00e0o? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 coi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn hay ch\u1ec9 theo b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o?” \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh khi ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT m\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1nh \u0111ang nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a CMU n\u0103m nay b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00ean cao m\u1ee9c $125,000 (\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft) v\u00e0 k\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi $60,000. Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i (tr\u00edch t\u1eeb email c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd): \u201cEm \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 4 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i n\u00e0o.\u201d; \u201cEm nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c email t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb em t\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u0103m h\u1ecd cho d\u00f9 em \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng xin vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a em t\u1eeb danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p.\u201d; \u201cEm v\u1eabn nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb em t\u1edbi l\u00e0m ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 em th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ai.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a CMU l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao. M\u1ecdi n\u0103m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1edbi th\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang em v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n cho sinh vi\u00ean. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, Mark Zuckerberg, Bill Gates, Tim Cook v\u00e0 Jeff Bezos \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi th\u0103m CMU v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho Google, Microsoft, Facebook, v\u00e0 Amazon. V\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 c\u1ef1u sinh vi\u00ean CMU, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng quay v\u1ec1 v\u00e0 thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean CMU. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao CMU l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti nh\u01b0 Microsoft, Apple, Google, Facebook, v\u00e0 Zynga c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Capstone cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00ec c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n khi sinh vi\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 b\u1ed1n n\u0103m v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3, cho n\u00ean l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

What to study in this difficult time?<\/p>\n

A high school student wrote to me: \u201cI want to study Software Engineering or Computer Science when I go to college next year but I am worry because there are fewer jobs in my country. The economy is in a recession with many bankrupted companies, many banks are closing and some software companies are laying off people. I do not see a shortage of IT skilled workers in my country. What should I study to get a better future? Please advice.<\/p>\n

Answer: I cannot tell you what to study because that is your decision but to answer your concerns, I would like you to look at some facts and data:<\/p>\n

Every two years, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics provides a ten-year forecast of job growth in all fields of employment. The most recent forecast cover the period 2010-2020 stated: \u201cAmong the 10 major professional occupational groups, computer science occupations are projected to grow by the largest percentage between now and 2020 by 16.8%. (The average growth projected across all occupations is 10.1 %.).\u201d It means \u201cComputer occupations (Including Software, Hardware, and Mathematical) are the fastest growing occupational than any others.<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Looking at another report from the Science and Engineering industry forecasting published in 2012 (This is an industry report so it covers the entire industry in the world, not on specific country) and it stated: \u201cAll the fields of Engineering combined is projected to grow at 13.4%; Life Science is projected to grow at 5.6%; Physical Science is projected to grow at 3.1%; Information Technology science is projected to grow at 60%.\u201d\u00a0<\/b>In other words, among ALL\u00a0occupations<\/i><\/b>\u00a0in ALL fields of science and engineering, computer science occupations are projected to account for 60% of ALL job growth between now and 2020.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0There is another report from the President\u2019s Council of Advisors on Science & Technology to President Obama in 2010 that wrote: \u201cInformation Technology fields are unique among all fields of science and engineering in the breadth of its impact. Recent technological trends place the advancement and application of information technology at the center of our nation\u2019s ability to achieve essentially all of our priorities and to address essentially all of our challenges. All indicators and projections prove that information technology is the dominant factor in America\u2019s science and technology employment.\u201d<\/p>\n

Why Information Technology (IT) is in such high demand? The answer is simple; just about every field today is becoming an information technology field. Just about every company in the world today is using information technology to improve their business. Just about everything that people use today is being impacted by information technology. If you look at TV, movies, video games, mobile phones, Internet, banking, retailing, online stores etc. you will see that they all are applying Information technology. That is why graduates in information technology fields (Computer Science, Software Engineering and Information System Management) are in high demand and that is why the world is experiencing a shortage of IT workers.<\/p>\n

Of course, it is easy to say about the shortage of IT skilled workers globally but when you look at specific local place, the picture maybe difference regarding supply and demand due to the skills gap in Information Technology. For example, India has a huge demand for IT workers (A government officer said that they need several millions of IT workers) but 75% of IT graduates in India could not find jobs because they are NOT qualified. Many do NOT have the right skills as the result of an obsolete state education system; their private education system is mainly focusing on making money by selling degrees instead of provide skills training. A similar situation is also happening in China with millions of unemployed IT graduates even when there are many job openings. So the main issues are about the education system that could not meet the need of the industry, and the understanding of graduates to distinguish between degree and skills.<\/p>\n

Last year when I was in China, a company owner explained the shortage: \u201cMany graduates could only use PC to navigate the Internet, they knowing something about PowerPoint, Excel, Word, and can write and test some simple Java code. They did not know about software Lifecycle, design, system architect or teamwork but they all passed tests and get degrees. Many students are lured by \u201cunethical private schools\u201d that make promises but cannot deliver the training. Many do not have good training programs or qualified teachers. Many students are not the best since they do not have high test scores to get into top schools, so they enroll in \u201ceasy private schools\u201d that are created with a single goal to make money. That is why it is very difficult to find skilled workers and keep them because every company is \u201cstealing\u201d workers from each other.\u201d<\/p>\n

Since students are having difficulty in making decision when go to college, I want to list few questions to help them making decision: \u201cAre you going to college to learn a skill or just want a degree? Are you select the school based on the best and current training program or just select any school that is easy to get in? Are you consider education an investment that requires carefully consideration or just follow friends to go to any school? These are serious questions that student must ask themselves when choosing an university.<\/p>\n

Today there is competition for skilled IT graduates everywhere. Many countries are changing their immigration laws to allow foreigners with IT skills to come in and work. Many companies are opening offices in other countries with strong education training, just to get their top skilled workers. New IT graduates from top schools with strong training programs are receiving extraordinary offers. This year\u2019s CMU Computer Science and Software Engineering graduates have reported starting salaries as high as $125,000 (That is the highest I have known) and signing bonuses as high as $60,000. Several students told me (quoting from their emails): \u201cI\u2019ve had 4 offers from top software companies and I cannot make decision on which one.\u201d; \u201cI got emails from top companies asking me to come and visit them even I did not apply to them. They probably got my information from the list of graduates.\u201d; \u201cI kept receiving phone calls from companies asking me to come in to interview and I do not even know who they are.\u201d<\/p>\n

I am not surprised because CMU\u2018s programs is one of the top programs in the U.S. and our students are highly skilled. Every year executives from top companies visit our school and talk to students. Last year, Mark Zuckerberg, Bill Gates, Tim Cook and Jeff Bezos visited CMU and talked to our students. That explains why many of our students are currently working for Google, Microsoft, Facebook, and Amazon. Since they work there and form CMU alumni clubs, they often come back and hire more CMU students. They also provide feedbacks and their needs to the school and we often review and update our trainings to meet their needs. That is why CMU has one of the strongest collaboration with the industry. Besides hiring our students, many companies such as Microsoft, Apple, Google, Facebook, and Zynga have also opened offices in our school to sponsor Capstone projects to our students because of our talent students.<\/p>\n

Selecting a school, a field of study, and an up to date program is a personal decision as students determine their future career. As student, you invest four years in developing your skills but you will have a whole life benefiting from that decision, so my advice is to make your decision wisely.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cEm mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hay Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh khi em v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/413","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=413"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/413\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":414,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/413\/revisions\/414"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}