{"id":4126,"date":"2014-03-10T19:48:43","date_gmt":"2014-03-10T12:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4126"},"modified":"2014-03-10T19:48:43","modified_gmt":"2014-03-10T12:48:43","slug":"toan-cau-hoa-va-cong-nghe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4126","title":{"rendered":"To\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u1edbi Internet nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o trong kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u khi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. V\u1edbi kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y sang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eaft \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u00e1n nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i nhanh, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tri th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 quan ni\u1ec7m sai r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 c\u0169 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 hay m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c n\u01a1i chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y khi chi ph\u00ed \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Nam M\u0129 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp cho khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p. Khi c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c cho nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng\u00a0 \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1ef1c ra, m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf M\u0129, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 $100 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean n\u0103m tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti KH\u00d4NG thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c chung n\u1eefa m\u00e0 t\u00ecm k\u0129 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n. B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y sang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u01a1i k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u cao. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m, Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU) cho ph\u00e9p h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. M\u0129 c\u0169ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn qu\u00e3ng m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eb1ng M\u0129 “\u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ed n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd” v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “ch\u1ea3y n\u00e3o.”<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u01a1i h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i sang M\u0129, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thay v\u00ec tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng m\u1edf ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea7u cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Thung l\u0169ng Silicon, n\u01a1i sinh ra c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Ng\u00e0y nay 85% vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao \u1edf M\u0129 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng 5 n\u0103m qua, v\u00e0 90% c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 na n\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i then ch\u1ed1t cho th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf M\u0129.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u1ee5 \u00fd trao \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 x\u1ea3y ra khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi chia s\u1ebb tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ch\u0103m nom t\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Google l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tr\u00ean Internet v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ho\u00e1 m\u1edbi n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0i c\u00fa b\u1ea5m chu\u1ed9t. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 s\u1ebd bao qu\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00e0y. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra d\u00f9 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00edch n\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e1. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i sang c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c sinh vi\u00ean. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o s\u1ebd d\u1ea1y sinh vi\u00ean “c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129” thay v\u00ec “ngh\u0129 g\u00ec.” Sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 trong c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tri th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Globalization and technology<\/p>\n

With the Internet many countries are now connected and their economies are integrated into a global economy as national boundaries are being eliminated. With online business, trading is becoming easier and flows smoothly from one place to another. With globalization, the availability of inexpensive labor workers in less developed countries can provide a new way to produce things cheaper. Today companies can manufacture products in low-cost countries and sell these products all over the world. With fast transportation, products from one place can be shipped to another quickly. With information technology, even intellectual works from one place can also be distributed to skilled workers who live in other places to work together to create joined products. Basically technology has changed everything where ideas and information are quickly shared, which has resulted in the creation of more innovations, more products and services.<\/p>\n

There is a misconception that globalization causes jobs loss but the fact is it only distributes jobs to other places. The actual number of jobs is still the same but it no longer belong to a particular place or country but relocate to wherever the companies can get better profits. Instead of doing work in one place, companies can move factories to others where the cost is lower. Twenty years ago, China had the lowest labor cost and many companies outsourced works there but recently when the cost is increasing, these companies are moving factories quickly to other countries. It is predicted that Africa and S. America will be the next destinations for low labor cost areas. When there is a shortage of certain skills in one place, companies can acquire those skills in others by distribute works to several countries to take advantage of the skilled workers there. In fact, all economists agree that globalization has led to better distribution of wealth and creates millions new jobs worldwide. For example, when there is a shortage of software skilled workers in the U.S. many software companies outsource works to other countries that have abundant of software skilled workers. India is the best example of this phenomenon with $100 Billion dollars software works export annually and creates over five million high paying jobs to India\u2019s economy.<\/p>\n

Technology can improve productivity and efficiency but it requires special skills. Companies need skilled workers who understand how to use technology to their works. Today, companies do NOT hire graduates with general knowledge anymore but looking for a specific skill that they need. A college degree is no longer a guarantee for job but students must have the special knowledge and skills demand by the job market. Change in immigration laws allows workers to move easily from one place to another to seek job opportunities, especially where their skills are in high demand. Each year, the European Union (EU) allows hundred thousands of skilled workers to come and work. The U.S also accepts about hundred thousand skilled professionals which lead to the complaint from developing countries that they are \u201cstealing their brain powers\u201d and create the \u201cBrain drain\u201d phenomenon.<\/p>\n

The relative ease of travel has been a significant factor in promoting education where hundreds of thousands of people from less-developed countries have traveled to the U.S., Europe and other developed countries to get a better education and after graduated, many decide to stay there to work instead of returning home. These also open new opportunities to host countries as they are enriched themselves and their economies with highly skilled workers. For example, Silicon Valley, the birthplace of technology, where many successful companies are founded are full of highly educated inventors and professionals, more than half of them came from foreign countries. Today 85% of the highly paid jobs in the U.S came from companies that have been created only within the last 5 years, and 90% of the world\u2019s wealth is concentrated in technology fields such as information technology, biotechnology, nanotechnology and medical technology and these industries are the key drivers for the economic prosperity in the U.S.<\/p>\n

Information technology means that communication will be exploding at unprecedented rate and make many things happen as people share knowledge and inventions to solve problems and take care of social needs. For example, Google is the leader in Internet search and it has created a new culture where information can be accessed and obtained with a few mouse clicks. The result is it is now the most powerful communication tool ever exists.<\/p>\n

Today, everybody recognizes that globalization is the new phenomenon of the 21st century. Those who accept it will embrace the future but those who do not accept it will be left behind in this competitive environment. Technology drives changes and change happens whether people like it or not. With globalization and technology, everything will change and to take advantage of this requires a higher level of thinking and strategizing. Business will change into a new ways which requires new way to educate students. Teachers will be teaching students \u201cHow to think\u201d rather than \u201cWhat to think.\u201d Students will be learning mostly on their own initiatives and throughout their lives as learning is a lifelong and no longer restricted to schools. Society will be restructured into a knowledge community that empowers people to be leaders within their own lives and they are responsible for their own knowledge and skills.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u1edbi Internet nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o trong kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u khi … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4126"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4128,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4126\/revisions\/4128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}