{"id":4045,"date":"2014-02-11T09:51:08","date_gmt":"2014-02-11T02:51:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4045"},"modified":"2014-02-11T09:51:08","modified_gmt":"2014-02-11T02:51:08","slug":"kho-khan-khi-ap-dung-scrum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4045","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Scrum"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Scrum cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 theo l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o Agile nh\u01b0ng anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u0169. Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Scrum l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u1ecf. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t then ch\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa Scrum v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Scrum cho ph\u00e9p d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n, t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh m\u1ed7i l\u00fac. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho Scrum l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m b\u1edfi v\u00ec Scrum y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. V\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng Scrum \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 Agile th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. T\u00f4i khuy\u00ean l\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ghi danh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o Scrum \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ba vai tr\u00f2 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Scrum: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 Scrum, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 Scrum ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 tu\u00e2n theo qui tr\u00ecnh Scrum. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ed5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t n\u00e0y, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Scrum. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai trong nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. (\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n.\u201d)<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c nhau li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Scrum. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin t\u1ed5 Scrum n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 5 t\u1edbi 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi; s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 20 hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed 40 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, 6 t\u1edbi 8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m kh\u00f3 chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t theo c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn linh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf. N\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 15 hay 25 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Scrum \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u “\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c” nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cSprint\u201d. Sprint bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho n\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi Sprint c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, t\u1ed5 bi\u1ebft n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i Sprint thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (C\u1ea7n bao l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5) \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi Sprints c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo qui t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng cho t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i th\u1eddi gian c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh 4 tu\u1ea7n v\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 2 tu\u1ea7n qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 5 tu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

T\u1eebng Sprint \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00ec t\u1ed5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nhau. M\u1ecdi Sprint \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho Sprint n\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng “C\u00c1I G\u00cc” v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00f3 “NH\u01af TH\u1ebe N\u00c0O”. T\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m – Product Backlog Items (y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m) v\u00e0 chia ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 T\u1ed3n d\u01b0 Sprint (Sprint Backlog). M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Sprint l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho Sprint \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 hi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i th\u1eeb Sprint tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m \u1edf v\u00e0i Sprints ban \u0111\u1ea7u, khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau; h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng nhau v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n. M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u1edf Sprint th\u1ee9 ba hay th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong v\u00e0i Sprint \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1eebng lo l\u1eafng v\u00ec b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn \u0111ang h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau khi b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho m\u1ed9t Sprint v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i s\u00e1ng t\u1ed5 ng\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng nhau v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 (Ai l\u00e0m g\u00ec ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3). Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00a0k\u00e9o d\u00e0i qu\u00e3ng 10 ph\u00fat nh\u01b0ng sai l\u1ea7m chung l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecf qua cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t khi xung \u0111\u1ed9t x\u1ea3y ra. Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi nhau c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 Scrum ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111o ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Sprint (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, vi\u1ec7c \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5). N\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Sprint l\u00e0 suy ng\u1eabm Sprint v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m Sprint n\u01a1i to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 Scrum v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m) th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong Sprint \u0111\u00e3 qua v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong Sprint ti\u1ebfp. Suy ng\u1eabm Sprint \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef ri\u00eang trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 khi h\u1ecd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n “TH\u1ebe N\u00c0O”. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho t\u1ed5 v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 Scrum \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 tham d\u1ef1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m Sprint l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed5 duy\u1ec7t qua “C\u00c1I G\u00cc” \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch trong L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Sprint kh\u00f4ng. Trong bu\u1ed5i ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m – Product Backlog.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Scrum, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u0169, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi \u1edf tr\u00ean. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi n\u00e0o, c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 t\u1ed1t. Scrum c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 T\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111em v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n Agile.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Difficulty applying Scrum<\/p>\n

A software developer wrote to me: \u201cWe are applying Scrum method to our software project but we are having a lot of problems. Although our project manager has taken an Agile training class but he cannot solve it either. We are thinking about switching back to the old method. Please advise.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Answer: Scrum is an excellent method for small software project. The key different between Scrum and other approaches is its simplicity approach. Scrum allows the project to be done incrementally, one piece at a time. To make Scrum works, you need to have experienced team members because Scrum requires a self-organizing team, that means there is no project manager or team leader to direct the team but every member of the team must work together to get the work done. Since you have a project manager, it seems that you may not use Scrum correctly. If he is the only one who receives Agile training than it is a mistake. I recommend that the entire team to enroll in a Scrum training so you can do thing correctly.<\/p>\n

There are three roles in Scrum project: The Scrum Master, the Product Owner, and the Team Members. The Scrum Master is responsible to make sure that the team is following the Scrum process. The Product owner represents the customers\u2019 views and guides the team to do work that meet user\u2019s needs. Team Members are responsible for getting the work done. Without one of these key roles, the project may fail. There is no project manager, no team leader, no tester, and no software assurance quality roles in Scrum project. Any of these additional roles will create unnecessary conflict. (That is why the team is called \u201cself-organized.\u201d)<\/p>\n

There are different views regarding the size of Scrum project. Some believe Scrum team should be 5 to 10 people; other think it could be up to 20 or even 40 people.<\/p>\n

In my experience, 6 to 8 people works best since too many people will make it difficult to share information. People work best in smaller team and that is why agile approach works well for small projects. If your project has 15 or 25 people, you may have problem.<\/p>\n

Scrum project is divided into several smaller \u201cunit of work\u201d called \u201cSprint\u201d. Sprint always has a fixed length of time so the team has exactly the same amount of time to do work. By making every Sprint the same length, the team learns its own capacity for work. If the Sprint length changes, the team will not know its capacity (How long to complete a number of tasks) which make planning more difficult. This is a subtle issue that many people do not pay attention but it is very important that all Sprints have the same length. If your project does not follow this rule, you may also have problem. I often give my team a fixed time of 4 weeks as I think 2 weeks is too short and 5 weeks is too long.<\/p>\n

Each Sprint is an opportunity to learn as the team works together and adjusts to each other\u2019s capability. Every Sprint starts with a Sprint Planning meeting where the team discusses \u201cWHAT\u201d to build and \u201cHOW\u201d they will build it. The focus of the meeting is on choosing a number of tasks from the Product Backlog Items (Software Requirements) and breaking them into a list of tasks called the Sprint Backlog. The goals of Sprint Planning is to plan the work for that Sprint, and make sure team members understanding its works based on feedback from the previous Sprint. Every team makes mistakes at the first few Sprints, as they work together; they learn together and eventually get better. Things often improve in the third or fourth Sprint. If you are having problems in the first few Sprints, do not worry as you are still learning how to work together when you build the product one Sprint at a time.<\/p>\n

Each morning the team gets together at the Daily Scrum meeting to share information and assign task (Who is doing what on that day). The Daily Scrum meeting usually lasts about 10 minutes but the common mistake is members often decide to skip the daily meeting. In my own experience, if a team fails to have daily Scrum meeting, the team will not work well as conflicts will happen. Daily Scrum is the time where the team members discuss their works with each other as well as share experience and learn from one another. The Scrum Master must monitors and measure the progress of the Sprint (i.e., Measurement is made every day on the team progress). If your team does not have the daily scrum meeting, it may be a cause why your project is having problem.<\/p>\n

The last parts of the Sprint are the Sprint Retrospective and Sprint Review where the whole team (including the Scrum Master and Product Owner) discuss how they did their work during the past Sprint and come up with ways to improve their work in the next Sprint. The Sprint Retrospective is keeping exclusive within the team only where they discuss \u201cHOW\u201d it was done. This activity is critical for the team as it is a learning process for every member. It is the job of the Scrum Master to make sure team members do attend all these meetings and share experiences.<\/p>\n

The Sprint Review is where the team goes over \u201cWHAT\u201d was done with the customers to see if the team does complete what they plan during Sprint Planning. In this review, team members explain and demonstrate the work and customers provide feedback about the product. The exchange of information is documented by the Product Owner into the Product Backlog.<\/p>\n

Since you do not explain in detail about the problems with Scrum, I only guess but before you switch back to the old method, you need to review your work and make sure that you do not make mistakes as I mentioned above. Like any new methods, it take times to do it well and the most important is the entire team must receive the proper training to do it well. Scrum works well with small software project and it is getting more popular with Mobile application development and Cloud computing projects. If you are still having problems, you may need someone with experience to help. Maybe you need to bring in an Agile consultant.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Scrum cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4045"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4045\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4047,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4045\/revisions\/4047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4045"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4045"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}