{"id":4030,"date":"2014-02-08T19:47:22","date_gmt":"2014-02-08T12:47:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4030"},"modified":"2014-02-08T19:47:22","modified_gmt":"2014-02-08T12:47:22","slug":"vien-cong-nghe-an-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4030","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc k\u00ec, t\u00f4i m\u1eddi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1edbi v\u00e0 cho b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. H\u00f4m qua Ts. Chakra Vishnu, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (IIT) l\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 m\u1eddi trong l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng \u1ea5y chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201c\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020 M\u0129 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n th\u00eam 1.4 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00f3t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. T\u00f4i ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9? Cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201c\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 1.3 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u1eabn \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean cho n\u00ean cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i trong g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. T\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb, tr\u1ebb em \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho n\u00ean c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 chung: H\u1ecd t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3\u00a0 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM) cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung s\u1ee9c \u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (IIT), m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1ed3m 16 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (IIT) v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m qu\u00e3ng m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ea5y k\u00ec thi v\u00e0o IIT nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 10,000 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn. Ngay c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd v\u00e0o r\u1ed3i, c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1eabn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 qua c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean d\u00e0nh trung b\u00ecnh 14 gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, b\u1ea9y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u0103m h\u1ecdc v\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 1.3 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIIT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u tin t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o trong tranh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong th\u1eddi gian cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tranh lu\u1eadn theo t\u1ed5 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 th\u1eafng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u01a1n cho n\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, k\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i, k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i ch\u1ed7 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v.v. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, t\u00f4i cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 n\u00e0y c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc r\u1ed3i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn. V\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 c\u1ea1nh tranh, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc k\u0129 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd thua c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c v\u00ec c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tham gia v\u00e0o trong tranh lu\u1eadn, sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0: \u201cPh\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng\u201d n\u01a1i h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y; \u201cTo\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c\u201d, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra c\u00e1c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi; \u201cDi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp\u201d v.v. Tranh lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u cho n\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 tri th\u1ee9c chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTrong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, IIT b\u1ecb ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cch\u1ea3y n\u00e3o.\u201d V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p IIT li\u00ean t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n \u1edf M\u0129 hay ch\u00e2u \u00c2u r\u1ed3i sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t. Khi danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a IIT lan r\u1ed9ng do c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua vi\u1ec7c di d\u00e2n qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p IIT sang M\u0129, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1edbi thung l\u0169ng Silicon n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng M\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. M\u0129 bi\u1ec7n minh r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p IIT ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf Bangalore v\u00e0 Hyderabad v\u00e0 n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lan r\u1ed9ng sang c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 khi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf cho kinh t\u1ebf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti t\u01b0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean IIT \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u00e0m doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb M\u0129 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y \u00c2u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p IIT \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111i v\u00e0o kinh doanh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, \u201cph\u00e9p m\u00e0u kinh t\u1ebf\u201d x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT \u0111em v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng $100 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho n\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cV\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m Satya Nadella l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Microsoft, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e2y gi\u1edd nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed g\u1ed1c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 Pepsi Cola, Deutsche Bank, MasterCard, Adobe Systems, Diageo, Food giant Reckitt Benckiser v\u00e0 Global Foundries. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn k\u0129 h\u01a1n v\u00e0o trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd v\u1eabn trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 40 tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed M\u0129 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i cu\u1ed1i 50. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a M\u0129 v\u00e0 Anh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt r\u1ed3i leo l\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho h\u1ecd chi\u1ebfc thang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u00ean. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, h\u1ecd t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00fang v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Th\u00f4ng tin n\u01a1i tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0 Steve Jobs \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u201ck\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai\u201d n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn k\u0129 v\u00e0o trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111i, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n \u0111i xa trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00f4i tin l\u00ed do nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00ec tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i IIT, ch\u00fang ta d\u1ea1y sinh vi\u00ean ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean qua x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; h\u1ecd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc qua th\u1eddi gian. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Nooyi gia nh\u1eadp Pepsi n\u0103m 1994, Jain nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Deutsche Bank n\u0103m 1995, Menezes \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf c\u00f9ng Diageo t\u1eeb 1997, Narayen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea b\u1edfi Adobe n\u0103m 1998, v\u00e0 Nadella d\u00e0nh 22-n\u0103m v\u1edbi Microsoft. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i l\u00ean qua n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 IIT. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1eeb v\u0103n ho\u00e1 phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecd khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c1 s\u1ebd s\u1edbm n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.\u201d<\/p>\n

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—English version—<\/p>\n

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The Indian Institute of Technology<\/p>\n

Every semester, I invite industry professionals to come and give lecture to my students so they know what is happening in the industry. Yesterday Dr. Chakra Vishnu, a Professor from Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) is a guest speaker in my class. Following was what he shared with my students:<\/p>\n

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\u201cBy the year 2020 the U.S will need additional 1.4 million new Information Technology (IT) jobs, but can only fill a third of them so they will have to hire more skilled IT workers from other countries to meet the needs and probably most of them will come from India. I am sure you may ask why India? So let me share with you about the education system in one of India\u2019s top universities and why their students are being recruited all over the world.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIndia has over 1.3 billion people and the population is still increasing so life is hard and competition is fierce on almost everything. From young age, Indian children are taught that the only way to escape poverty is education so competition to get the best education is fierce. There are few top elementary schools among elementary schools, few top high schools among high schools, and of course, few top universities. All these top schools share common themes: They all focus in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) so their graduates are very good in these areas, as compare with students from other schools. You can imagine the pressure and competition to get into these schools. It is impossible to get into top high schools if you do not come from top elementary schools, and it is very difficult to get into top universities if you do not graduate from top high schools. Among India\u2019s top universities is the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT), a system of 16 independent universities locate in different cities in India.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThe dream of every high school students is to win admission to the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) because graduates from this institute are highly recruited by companies all over the world. Each year about one million Indian students take the entrance exam to IIT but only 10,000 get accepted. Even they get in, competition is fierce among students to pass tests, quizzes and get good grades. Most students spends on the average 14 hours of study a day, seven days a week during the entire school years because there are weekly tests and many challenges that students must overcome to be the best of India. For a country of 1.3 billion people, the best is really the very best.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cIIT is ranked as the best university system with the best training programs. Beside technical trainings, students must read a lot of technology news and articles to engage in debates to broaden their knowledge so they are always informed on what is happening all over the world. During weekend, there are team debates all over the school in different topics under the supervision of professors. The winning teams get more attention so students learn soft-skills such as presentation skills, communication skills, public speaking skills and leadership skills etc. As professor, I give these teams topics and they have to research to learn then present to the entire school during the debate. Since there are several teams in the competition, students must learn the topic well else they will lose to others as competition is also fierce. Most of the topics are about new technology, new trends and by participate in the debate, students learn a lot on their own and that encourages the continuous learning attitude. For example, topics could be: \u201cBig data analytics and traditional business intelligence\u201d where they have to discuss the difference between the two as well as advantages and disadvantages of each; \u201cGlobalization and the knowledge society\u201d, where they learn to draw conclusion on current trends; \u201cMobility and the next innovation\u201d etc. The debate is another way to encourage lifelong learning from the early year so students are well-adjusted to the trends in industry. That is why our students develop both wide and deep knowledge on several subjects. That is why they are sought after by top technology companies and most of our graduates are now working in top positions in these companies.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cFor several years, IIT is being criticized as the place that supports the \u201cbrain drain\u201d phenomena. Because many IIT graduates continue pursuing higher degrees in the U.S or Europe then after graduated, most stay and work in those countries, so we lost a lot of the best talented people. As the reputation of IIT spread due to the excellent training programs, India experienced a large scale emigration of IIT graduates to the U.S. especially to Silicon Valley where a third of the high tech companies are now owned and run by Indian. Of course, India government complained that the U.S is benefited from the best education paid for by Indian taxpayers’ money. The U.S argued that the money sent home by Indian oversea has been a major source that contributes to the India\u2019s economic prosperity. Regardless the political issue, there is a new trend that many IIT graduates who succeed in the U.S. have returned to India and develop successful technology industry in Bangalore and Hyderabad and it begins to spread to other cities. This situation happened in 1990s when India\u2019s government changed some laws to open up the Indian economy by encourage more private companies to operate from previously closed markets. This initiatives encourage IIT students to get into entrepreneurship by create their own companies and encourage more foreigners to invest in these companies. The outsourcing of technical jobs from the U.S. and Western Europe have also created opportunities for IIT graduates in India to get into this business and with the skilled workforce already available, the \u201ceconomic miracle\u201d happened and continue to today, the IT outsourcing bring home about $100 billion a year and support over five million high paying jobs for India\u2019s economy.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cWith the appointment of Satya Nadella as chief executive officer of Microsoft, many people now realize that many large companies are managed by Indian-born managers. The list includes giants such as Pepsi Cola, Deutsche Bank, MasterCard, Adobe Systems, Diageo, Food giant Reckitt Benckiser and Global Foundries. If you look closely into these successful Indian top managers, you will find that most of them are still in the 40s which is much younger as compare to other top U.S managers who are in the late 50s. Almost all of them graduated from top U.S. and U.K. universities in addition to their Indian schools. Almost all of them started as technical person then climb up into management positions. Most of them grow up with technology and it is technology expertise that gives them the ladder to move up. Basically, they are all get to the right place at the right time because this is the Information age where technical knowledge and skills are the key factors to succeed. As Steve Jobs often said \u201cconnect all the dots to see the future\u201d if you look closely into these top managers, as well as what you see today and where you want to go, then you will see that it is your knowledge and skills that take you further in your careers than others.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cI believe the reason these people get to the top position because of their knowledge and skills as they continue to learn all their lives. They make mistakes but learn from it and at IIT, we teach student to be persevere and learn from mistakes. You can see that most top Indian executives had risen through the ranks at their companies; they continue to learn thoroughly over time. For example, Nooyi joined Pepsi in 1994, Jain took his first job at Deutsche Bank in 1995, Menezes has been with Diageo since 1997, Narayen was hired by Adobe in 1998, and Nadella spent 22-year with Microsoft. They all moved up through their own efforts. There is nothing special about them beside their knowledge and skills that they all received from the best education institutions such as IIT. Of course, they do not just learn technical skills but they also inherit from our rich culture that taught them to be humbled, persevere, patience and working hard. I think in this information age, there will be more people from Asia will emerged soon to lead the knowledge society and I will not be surprised if more will come from India.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc k\u00ec, t\u00f4i m\u1eddi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1edbi v\u00e0 cho b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4030","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4030"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4030\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4032,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4030\/revisions\/4032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4030"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4030"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4030"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}