{"id":4020,"date":"2014-02-05T08:33:28","date_gmt":"2014-02-05T01:33:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4020"},"modified":"2014-02-05T08:33:28","modified_gmt":"2014-02-05T01:33:28","slug":"xu-huong-trong-lam-khoan-ngoai-cntt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=4020","title":{"rendered":"Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng trong l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7n \u0111ang c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) nh\u01b0ng M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua, kinh doanh l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1eabn b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00e0m \u0103n t\u1ed1t m\u1eb7c cho suy tho\u00e1i. \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn l\u00e0m tr\u00ean $100 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi $200 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2020 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u0103ng 6% trong n\u0103m n\u0103m qua t\u1edbi $67 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la thay v\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 10% nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i cho n\u00ean kinh doanh l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, kinh doanh kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi v\u00ec lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa m\u1edbi. C\u1ea3 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 M \u0111\u1ec1u \u01b0a th\u00edch “nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u” c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thay v\u00ec “xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u” vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd, \u0111\u00f3ng thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi Anh cho ph\u00e9p 40,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m; c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Scandinavia \u0111ang l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u. M\u0129 cho ph\u00e9p 85,000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng CNTT t\u1edbi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 120,000 n\u1ebfu lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i trong kinh doanh l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai, nhu c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb “chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p” sang “k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao” do c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean kinh doanh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y nay \u0111ang ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb suy tho\u00e1i n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 thu l\u1ea5y \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh. V\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i. Nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi trong cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kinh doanh. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u0169 v\u1ec1 “Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed” v\u00e0 “Vi\u1ebft m\u00e3” v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n sinh l\u1eddi do c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1edbi v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Nam M\u0129 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi $200 \u2013 $400 \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng. V\u00ec kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c so s\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ea1nh tranh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Khi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao, chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00ec “chi ph\u00ed” kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t m\u00e0 “k\u0129 n\u0103ng” m\u1edbi then ch\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n di \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Trends in IT outsourcing<\/p>\n

As the global economy is improving, the industry needs more Information Technology (IT) workers but the U.S and Europe do not have enough so they still have to outsource IT works to meet their needs. In the past few years, outsourcing business were slowing down but both China and India were still reporting good earnings despite the recession. India reported that they still make over $100 Billion per year on IT outsourcing but may not reach $200 Billion by 2020 as planned. China also reported a 6% increase in the past five years to $67 Billion instead of 10% growth as expected so the IT outsourcing business is still doing well but there are two trends that are happening that may impact the outsourcing industry:<\/p>\n

First, the IT outsourcing business is changing because of new immigration laws. Both Europe and the U.S prefer to \u201cimport\u201d workers to meet their needs instead of \u201cexport\u201d jobs. By having skilled IT workers come and work in their countries, pay taxes and contribute to their economies is better than having jobs go elsewhere and help other countries\u2019 economy. Currently the UK allowed 40,000 IT skilled people from India to come and work there each year; other countries such as Germany and Scandinavia are doing the same. The U.S allowed 85,000 IT skilled workers to come each year but could increase to 120,000 if the new immigration law is passed. It is possible that there will be a decreasing in IT outsourcing business due to this factor.<\/p>\n

Second, the need for outsourcing is changing from \u201clow cost\u201d to \u201chigh skill\u201d due to new requirements in the job market. This is the result of technology change that impact customer\u2019s businesses. The entire industry today is recovering from the recession where every company is quickly adopting new technologies to gain competitive advantage. Since they cannot get enough skilled workers in certain areas, they have to outsource. The new demand is an excellent opportunities for outsourcing companies to explore new ways, new areas in providing services and expanding business. Although the old model of \u201cTesting\u201d and \u201cCoding\u201d still exist but no longer profitable due to competition from low cost newcomers from Africa and South America where programmers work for $200 \u2013 $400 dollars per month. Since customers will continue to compare prices for the lowest cost, more works will be moving to these countries.<\/p>\n

To continue and stay competitive, IT outsourcing companies will have to adapt to changing customers\u2019 requirements. As more customers are demanding higher skills, more specialization, and better service offerings, outsourcing companies will have to change business model to meet the needs. They must understand that the rule has changed as \u201cCost\u201d is no longer the key factor but \u201cSkills\u201d is. It is important to develop new skills such as mobile development, cloud computing, big data analytics, and large scale integration to meet market\u2019s demand. It also means outsourcing companies must work more closely with universities to ensure graduates have these new technical skills as well as foreign languages skills to meet global demand.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khi kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7n \u0111ang c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) nh\u01b0ng M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00f4ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4020","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4020"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4020\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4022,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4020\/revisions\/4022"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}