{"id":399,"date":"2013-06-18T23:17:47","date_gmt":"2013-06-18T16:17:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=399"},"modified":"2013-06-18T23:17:47","modified_gmt":"2013-06-18T16:17:47","slug":"viec-lam-cong-nghe-va-luat-di-tru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=399","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua, ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi v\u00ec n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf M\u0129, Anh, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y \u00c2u nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Malaysia, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00ed do l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi ngh\u1ec1 m\u1edf ra ng\u00e0y nay \u1edf m\u1ecdi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u1edf M\u0129, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m CNTT m\u1edf ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn khi k\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT n\u0103m 2012 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: \u201cCon s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong CNTT \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u kinh doanh to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti.\u201d<\/p>\n

Theo V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i M\u0129 c\u00f3 3.76 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT nh\u01b0ng nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 5 tri\u1ec7u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf M\u0129. Tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m b\u1ef1c b\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i M\u0129 v\u00ec n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u0129 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong suy tho\u00e1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi hai v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i, qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt d\u00e0nh khai quang con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf l\u1ea1i M\u0129. D\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ban h\u00e0nh 55,000 th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 hay ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129. Tuy nhi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch bi\u1ec7n minh r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Trong khi d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t cao nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n M\u0129 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi di d\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u1edf M\u0129 cho n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ed1 Wall gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cS\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u1edf M\u0129. Lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u1edf M\u0129 khi h\u1ecd k\u1ebft th\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. V\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf M\u0129, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 cho d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua.\u201d D\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u Lamar Smith, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch U\u1ef7 ban ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd: \u201cTrong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u1edf M\u0129, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i g\u1eedi tr\u1ea3 h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta.\u201d M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u0169ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00ed do n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 cho sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao ra \u0111i v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c CNTT, c\u00f3 t\u00e1m ngh\u1ec1 CNTT c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i: nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh; ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh; k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m; chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1ng; ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch li\u00ean l\u1ea1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Khi tin n\u00e0y lan ra, s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i xin v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129 trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean s\u1edbm.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Technology Jobs and Immigration laws<\/p>\n

For the past few years, the major complaint from technology industry is that they cannot find enough skilled workers to fill their needs. This is not new as it happens in the U.S, UK, several Western European countries but to many people\u2019s surprise it also happens in India, China, Malaysia, S. Korea and Japan.<\/p>\n

The causes are simple: College supply is not keeping up with industry demand; and most IT graduates do not have the skills that the industry needs. If you look at all the job opening today in any newspapers in the U.S, Europe and Asia you can find many IT job openings, some jobs even have a big signing bonus. The IT industry report 2012 warned: \u201cThe number of graduates in IT is growing at a much slower pace than the overall business needs and without appropriate action it can slow down the technology progress and hurt the profit of companies.\u201d<\/p>\n

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, last year the U.S. had 3.76 million workers in the IT industry but the needs was estimated at 5 million positions, which means there was over a million unfilled jobs. These jobs had to be outsourced to other countries when it could be kept in the U.S. This news has furious the U.S Congress as the U.S economy is still in a recession with high unemployment.<\/p>\n

Last December, Congress proposed a bill designed to clear the path for foreign students with degrees in high tech to stay in the U.S. The bill asked to issue 55,000 permanent visas for any foreign students that receive a master or doctorate degrees in technology from U.S Universities. However many critics argued that this bill will discriminate against lower skilled foreign workers who also want to come and work here. While the bill passed Congress with very high vote counts but it may get stuck in the U.S Senate who are more favor Hispanic immigrants living illegally in the U.S. so the result is still uncertain.<\/p>\n

A Wall Street analyst explains: \u201cThe fact is both parties agree that it is important to keep high tech workers in the United States. Current law already gives foreign graduates more time in the United States when they finish school. With the needs of the industry and the benefits of keeping jobs in the U.S, it is just a matter of time for the bill to pass.\u201d Congressman Lamar Smith, the Chairman of the Judiciary Committee agreed: \u201cIn a global economy, we cannot afford to educate these foreign graduates in the U.S. and then send them back home to work for our competitors.\u201d A group of Senators also voiced their opinions that there is no reason to let highly technical educated students to leave and asked their colleague to vote and allow these graduates to stay.<\/p>\n

Among IT fields, there are eight government-classified critical IT occupations:\u00a0Computer<\/a>\u00a0scientists; Systems analysts; Computer programmers; Software engineers; Network support specialists; Database administrators; Information system manager and Data communications analysts.<\/p>\n

As the news spread, the number of foreign students applies to U.S universities in master and doctorate programs are expected to increase soon.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua, ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=399"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":400,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/399\/revisions\/400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}