{"id":3962,"date":"2014-01-17T19:57:28","date_gmt":"2014-01-17T12:57:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3962"},"modified":"2014-01-17T19:57:28","modified_gmt":"2014-01-17T12:57:28","slug":"quan-li-he-thong-tin-trong-cong-ti-nho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3962","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin trong c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i then ch\u1ed1t cho kinh t\u1ebf. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9c \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf v\u1eabn \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eebng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m nay m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nhu c\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua, nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e9t \u0111i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh trong 35 n\u0103m, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Wal-Mart, c\u00f4ng ti b\u00e1n l\u1ebb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. H\u1ecd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ra.\u201d B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, khi c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u0103n nhanh nh\u01b0 McDonald, KFC, Taco Bell, Burger King, Pizza Hut hay Starbucks t\u1edbi, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7m c\u00e0 ph\u00ea m\u1ea5t kinh doanh. Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n xin ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi kinh doanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n sinh l\u1eddi n\u1eefa, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng k\u00e9o nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed hi\u1ec3u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh kinh doanh n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

\u0110a s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM) hay Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh doanh trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (MBA-IT) n\u01a1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT v\u00e0 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin trong c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn b\u1edfi v\u00ec k\u00edch c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf l\u00e0m cho trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ngang qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 theo thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. (\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng KH\u00d4NG ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y.) Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m quan li\u00eau, v\u00e0 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba; b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef v\u00e0 truy l\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng tin nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed; b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT x\u1eed l\u00ed m\u1ecdi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y sang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c trong \u0111a d\u1ea1ng d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c; b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n thay v\u00ec tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u1eed b\u1ecf l\u1ed7i. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ISM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong c\u1ea3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ISM v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111i l\u00ean nhanh h\u01a1n trong c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 th\u00fac b\u1ea9y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi “c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac” \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p cao v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT gi\u1ecfi s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y thay v\u00ec mua trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m nh\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c mua c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 CNTT c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00f9ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i n\u1eefa. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti th\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1i g\u00ec n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u1edf nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed CNTT t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec3n khai CNTT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed CNTT gi\u1ecfi s\u1ebd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ea1nh tranh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Sinh vi\u00ean ISM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a CNTT v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c thi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00f4ng ti v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0y. K\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin linh ho\u1ea1t n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong nh\u00e0. Sinh vi\u00ean ISM h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00f3m CNTT c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u00f4ng ti nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u1ea3n ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i, d\u01b0 th\u1eeba v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c KH\u00d4NG xem x\u00e9t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn CNTT v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y hay \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ec5 cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. Ng\u00e0y nay doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a: Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh hay th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n xin ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—Engl\u00edh version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Information System Management in small company<\/p>\n

Today Information Technology (IT) has become part of every business and a key driver for the economy. The Digital Revolution is changing everything just like the Industrial Revolution has changed the world a century ago. However, in developing countries many small businesses are still operating the same way for hundred years without applying technology. Many owners do not see the need of using technology and some do not think they can afford it.<\/p>\n

With globalization, competition is fierce and often happens quickly. In the past few years, many small businesses were being wiped out by larger and more powerful global companies. A small company owner complained: \u201cI have been doing business for 35 years, I know all of my customers and have good relationship with them but I cannot compete with Wal-Mart, the largest retail company in the world. They move here and pushed out all local companies.\u201d The evident is obvious, when fast food chains like McDonald, KFC, Taco Bell, Burger King, Pizza Hut or Starbucks came, most restaurants and coffee shops went out of business. According to a global report, millions of small businesses have filed for bankruptcy because they could not compete. As their business was no longer profitable, they could not pay off their bank loans. This situation also pulled down many banks into bankruptcy too and put a lot of people out of work.<\/p>\n

To survive, small businesses need to use technology to be more efficient so they can defend themselves. It means they need to hire people who are trained in information technology to help business owners and managers understand the capability of technology in supporting the company\u2019s business. The role of the IT manager is to develop and deploy an IT strategy to leverage technology for competitive advantage. In this business competitive environment, every company needs to have an IT strategy as part of the business strategy.<\/p>\n

The majority of IT managers are coming from the Information System Management (ISM) or Master of Business Administration in Information technology (MBA-IT) where they are trained in IT strategy development and execution. According to the industry report, the demand for people with these skills is very high especially for small companies in developing countries. Implementing information technology in a small company is much easier than large company because of the small size which makes communication and collaboration across business units easier. IT managers must be able to explain technology actions in business terms so business managers can understand. (This is why computer science or software engineering graduates are often NOT suitable for this job.) For example, by automate the business process, the company can do things faster and better, reduce bureaucracy, and redundancy; by using database, managers can store and retrieve information faster and reduce costs; by having IT system to process all data, it is easier to expedite information from one place to another in variety of forms; by using business intelligent, managers can make decisions based on facts rather than intuition and eliminate errors. Since ISM graduates are trained in both technical and business skills, they can make this translation relatively easy. Today ISM graduates with these skills are highly sought after and often eligible to move up faster within the company.<\/p>\n

To leverage technology for business efficiency, IT managers must start with an \u201carchitectural view\u201d to avoid high integration costs and expensive future deployments. By having the knowledge of cloud computing, a good IT manager will consider this option rather than buying expensive equipment as the first step to deploy technology. In the past, company owners often make mistakes by buying sophisticated IT systems which require expensive maintenance therefore do not achieve the expected value from their IT investments. The same idea can be applied to in-house development and outsourced applications too. In the past, company owners often hire IT workers without understand what should be done in house and what could be outsourced and incurred expensive IT costs. By having knowledge of IT deployment, good IT manager will make decision based on an outsourcing strategy to help companies to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and be able to remain competitive in this globalized world.<\/p>\n

ISM students are trained in the business value of IT and how to execute the IT strategy to support the business. They learn how to plan IT strategy, build applications, define processes, develop infrastructure to prepare the company for the challenges ahead. Successfully implementation depends on their skills to develop IT strategy as it must be aligned with business objectives and closely linked to everyday activities. Their skills in architecture will allow them to design a flexible information system where some parts can be placed in cloud computing area and some can be placed in-house. ISM students learn how to organize a competent IT group that can support the business of the company. When all of these factors are integrated, small company can achieve their business success and be able to compete with larger competitors.<\/p>\n

Small business must plan for long-term goals and adopt IT to increase efficiency, reduce wastes, redundancy and establish the necessary processes to achieve business goals. By NOT consider the adoption of IT at this time or delay until they are forced to in react to a market change is costly, and impossible to do well. Today small business has a choice: Adopting IT for competitive advantage or fail to compete and ready to file for bankruptcy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i then ch\u1ed1t cho kinh t\u1ebf. … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-he-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3962"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3962\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3964,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3962\/revisions\/3964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3962"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3962"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}