{"id":3910,"date":"2014-01-01T08:26:16","date_gmt":"2014-01-01T01:26:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3910"},"modified":"2014-01-01T08:26:16","modified_gmt":"2014-01-01T01:26:16","slug":"phan-mem-va-he-thong-phan-mem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3910","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi: \u201cKh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m? Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m?”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 “ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m” l\u00e0 “m\u00e3” hay “ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh” nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf “ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m” l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u00fang. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 v\u00e0i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh, \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a, b\u00e0n ph\u00edm, chu\u1ed9t v.v \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t giao di\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00ed v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, g\u00f3i tr\u00ecnh v\u1ebd, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v.v.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ra ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed k\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u01a1i h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean tu\u1ef3 theo c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh h\u01a1n b\u00ean trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

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—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Software and software system<\/p>\n

A student asks: \u201cWhat is the difference between software and a software system? What can I do with a software engineering degree?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Answer: Many people only think \u201cSoftware\u201d as \u201cCode\u201d or \u201cProgram\u201d but actually \u201cSoftware\u201d is more than that, it also includes all associated documentation and configuration data that make the program runs correctly. A software system consists of hardware and software which has several separate programs, configuration files, system documentation, and user documentation. For example, your personal computer is a software system which has hardware with many components such as monitor, disk drive, key board, mouse etc. described in the system documentation; a software product which contain several programs such as operating system software, interfaces control software, and other software applications such as word processing, drawing packages, and software tools etc.<\/p>\n

Most software engineering graduates typically work as software developers who build software products. However some may work as software tester who conducts tests to make sure the software product does not have defects and meets the requirements. After few years of experience, some software developers move up to software designer who design the architect and the structure of a software system with its functions and quality attributes. Some may move to requirements engineer position or requirements analyst position where they work with customers and users to determine their needs and document them into a software requirements. The career of a software engineer often varies depend on the company and your specializations as technology continues to change and there are more specialties within software engineering field.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi: \u201cKh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m? Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-va-dap","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3910"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3912,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3910\/revisions\/3912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}