{"id":387,"date":"2013-06-18T23:10:33","date_gmt":"2013-06-18T16:10:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=387"},"modified":"2013-06-18T23:10:33","modified_gmt":"2013-06-18T16:10:33","slug":"cong-nghiep-lam-khoan-ngoai-cua-an-do-nam-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=387","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u0103m 2013"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT 100 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam n\u1eefa do thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kinh doanh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, hay b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169. Nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u1eafc v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1nh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng kinh doanh l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1m “tr\u1ea7n” nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t kinh doanh do kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u “kho\u00e1n trong.” N\u00f3 c\u0169ng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh “chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p” kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 thi do c\u1ea1nh tranh m\u00e3nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u Phi. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao tr\u1ea3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 $800 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 $200? C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf chi ph\u00ed v\u00ec c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111i theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh tranh.\u201d<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed sang ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kinh doanh chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1eadn d\u1eef c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u01b0 l\u1ee3i. M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti CNTT \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111i l\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u01a1n cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u201d Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT. Ngay khi h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf sang c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 trung th\u00e0nh trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT. \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 k\u00e9m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 “\u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp” c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi h\u01a1n, \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u00e1n trong hay thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thay v\u00ec kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00f3i: \u201cKho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 r\u1ed3i, v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao thay v\u00ec ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m n\u00f3 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u1edf nh\u00e0.\u201d\u00a0 M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i to\u1eb9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ra: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho n\u00ean kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 thi n\u1eefa.\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “ch\u1ea3y n\u00e3o” n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00fa \u0111\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c cho n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT mong manh. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u01b0u th\u1ebf l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n CNTT.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

India’s Outsourcing industry 2013<\/p>\n

According to the latest study, India’s $100-billion IT outsourcing industry has reached its limit and could not grow further due to changes in direction of its customers. The low cost model of providing technology works to western customers has changed faster than most Indian software companies can predict.<\/p>\n

Today most customers are looking for software companies who can offer\u00a0business solutions\u00a0and full software development rather than just partial\u00a0services\u00a0such a coding, testing infrastructure supports, or maintaining old software systems. Many customers require higher skills from IT workers in which most Indian companies do not have enough. Even well-established companies with strong training programs cannot meet this new demand and therefore missing out on growth opportunities.<\/p>\n

The study concluded that the current outsourcing business of Indian IT companies has hit the \u201cceiling\u201d but if it cannot change fast enough, it will lose business due to customers losing confidence and begin to \u201cinsource\u201d. It also concluded that the \u201clow cost\u201d model is no longer feasible due to intense competition from other lower cost countries, mostly from Africa. One analyst explained: \u201cWhy pay an Indian programmer $800 a month to code and test when you can do that in Africa for $200? Indian software workers no longer have cost advantage as other countries that are also following this approach and begin to compete.\u201d<\/p>\n

Currently large Indian software companies have quickly relocated to Africa and hiring workers there to continue their low cost business but they faced a lot of public angers about abandon their people for self-interest profits. A customer suggested: \u201cIt is time for Indian IT companies to move up to higher value by provide more trainings for their workers.\u201d But the issue is NOT about the training but the attitude of most IT workers. As soon as they complete training, many left for another company to get better salary. A manager complained: \u201cThere is no loyalty in the IT industry. Training is a bad investment and it is better to \u201csteal\u201d workers than to train workers.\u201d<\/p>\n

Today customers who need newer technology solutions are beginning to insource or hiring their own IT workers rather than outsource. A software manager said: \u201cOutsourcing is thing of the past, with the fast pace of technology change we have to rely on our own education systems to develop highly skilled workers rather than depend on somebody else to do it for us. Today most of the major works will be done at home.\u201d\u00a0 Another manager said it bluntly: \u201cWe have to keep our jobs for our people. We have the best education and the best workforce so outsourcing is no longer a feasible solution anymore.\u201d<\/p>\n

A major fear among Indian companies is the new immigration law that allows skilled workers to stay and work in many western countries. This \u201cbrain drain\u201d phenomenon may add another blow to the vulnerable IT outsourcing industry. Unless its education system can change fast enough to build a skilled workforce at home, India may lose the advantage of being the world\u2019s center of IT development.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT 100 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=387"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":389,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/387\/revisions\/389"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=387"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=387"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=387"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}