{"id":3858,"date":"2013-12-14T19:13:56","date_gmt":"2013-12-14T12:13:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3858"},"modified":"2014-02-10T12:57:03","modified_gmt":"2014-02-10T05:57:03","slug":"vai-tro-cua-cong-nghe-thong-tin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3858","title":{"rendered":"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh doanh nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u1eabn c\u00f2n bi l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a CNTT. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Ph\u1ed1 Wall vi\u1ebft: \u201cNgay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (CEO) v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2u t\u00f3m th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed. CNTT kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n hay k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Internet m\u00e0 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn l\u00e1i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng thu nh\u1eadp, t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed coi CNTT nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 t\u00ednh v\u00e0o chi ph\u00ed. Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c mua ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng hay ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT qua th\u1eddi gian. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ti v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hay ph\u00e1t sinh l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1ecb l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi: \u201cC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh?\u201d<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v.v. m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u doanh nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang thu\u00ea nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (ISM) v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cb\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p n\u00f3ng\u201d v\u00e0 trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, sinh vi\u00ean Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 hay n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, M\u00e1y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n (ATMs) \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 m\u1edf 24 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 7 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ATM v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Internet \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u kinh doanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, CNTT c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ph\u00ed ho\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eed b\u1ecf quan li\u00eau kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Kinh doanh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a l\u01b0u kho v\u1eadt l\u00ed v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh tranh hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao gi\u1eef cho chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 CNTT m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y hay Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (SaaS), c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v.v…<\/p>\n

V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng ti, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng tin (CIO) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. CIO ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u01a1i m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho c\u00f4ng ti h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. CIO ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng CNTT v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 b\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 CNTT v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho m\u1ecdi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. V\u1edbi suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi qui tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i x\u1eed l\u00ed d\u00f9ng CNTT. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i coi CNTT nh\u01b0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n CNTT v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o CNTT. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o CNTT trong kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t khi kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The role of information technology<\/p>\n

Although Information Technology (IT) has become the key factor to increase competitiveness in the business world but many owners and managers are still confused about the role of IT. A Wall-Street analyst wrote: \u201cEven today some company owners and chief executive officers (CEO) do not know how to apply technology to capture markets, grow revenue, minimize risk, and reduce costs. IT is no longer about desktop applications or network that connects several applications to the Internet but a strategy to drive revenue growth, increase effectiveness and efficiency. To understand what you can do with technology is a fundamental part of what every business leader needs to know.\u201d<\/p>\n

Traditionally, company owners and managers consider IT as a supporting function which means it incurs cost. The cost of buying hardware or software, the cost of integration, the cost of hiring IT workers, and the cost of upgrades and maintenance IT systems over time. Many IT workers accepted supportive roles because they do not understand how business works, how company operates or generates revenue. That is why many company owners and managers are confused and ask: \u201cWhat exactly is technology required to do for the business?\u201d<\/p>\n

Today IT workers are no longer just do technical works such as programming, testing etc. but they must also understand business. They must know what technology can do or cannot do to set the expectations of a company owner or managers. That is why currently more companies are hiring graduates in Information System Management (ISM) and it has becoming a \u201chot degree\u201d and in most top schools, Computer Science and Software Engineering students are required to take at least one business course.<\/p>\n

By implementing Information Technology (IT) company can increase its productivity or the overall capacity to produce more. For example, Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) have significantly helped banks to do more as it opens 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. The advent of ATM technology and Internet banking have changed the way traditional banks operate and allows banks to do more businesses and reach customers who cannot travel to the banks. By automate office works, IT can also reduce time wastes by eliminate unnecessary bureaucracies. Online business has significantly reduced the time to market for many products. Within minutes, products can be sold on line, reducing the cost of physical stores and sale persons. The current competitive global market has forced companies all over the world to rethink their strategies. Company owners are paying more attention to what investments to make and how to keep cost lower. By having a strong IT, company can reduce the cost of operating the business. For example, by using cloud computing or Software as a Service (SaaS), company can eliminate the cost of hardware, software licenses, power, and administrative etc…<\/p>\n

Since many company owners do not have the technical knowledge on how to use technology across the company, the role of the Chief Information Officer (CIO) has become more critical. CIO must assess the company to evaluate where he can implement IT to improve efficiency and helps company to focus on strategic activities. CIO must be able to align IT with the business units within the company to increase effectiveness and efficiency.<\/p>\n

Today every manager must have knowledge of IT as it is a requirement for all managerial positions. With current economic recession, every company is asked to reduce costs and improve efficiency by reorganize everything according to a defined process then automating these processes using IT. Now more than ever that everyone in business must view IT as a strategic enabler for the business to distinguish itself from its competitors. Industry study showed that successful companies have achieved significant improvement by optimizing IT infrastructure and invest more in IT. Companies investing in IT during this economy crisis are companies that will survive and excel as the economy improves.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh doanh nh\u01b0ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cong-nghe-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3858"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3860,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3858\/revisions\/3860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}