{"id":3833,"date":"2013-12-06T23:45:34","date_gmt":"2013-12-06T16:45:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3833"},"modified":"2013-12-06T23:45:34","modified_gmt":"2013-12-06T16:45:34","slug":"big-data-trong-xet-tuyen-vao-dai-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3833","title":{"rendered":"Big data trong x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o th\u00fa v\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Big Data trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, m\u1ecdi b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0i thi \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc hay \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean Facebook, LinkedIn, ph\u00f2ng chat, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Big data n\u1eefa. Nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1edfi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ai s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ai s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 ai s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 th\u00eam. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc bang Wichita \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o Big data trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m. C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd tr\u00ean l\u1edbp h\u1ecd ghi danh \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean n\u00e0o s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o Big data c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 96% trong nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean “h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u”. \u1ede M\u0129 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd l\u00ean cao v.v.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y trong x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em t\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111em t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1eefa. Khi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i? Li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 tuy\u1ec3n sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp\u201d? \u0110i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.\u00a0 \u0110i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean b\u1edfi v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Trong 25 n\u0103m d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n trong n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 sau. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u1eefa. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edbp v\u00e0o trong h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean “r\u1ee7i ro” ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Bill Gates. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf trung h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb1ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Mark Zuckerberg c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eefa. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Steve Jobs, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eefa. Nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean k\u00e9m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai sao? C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc; c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf trung h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn cho khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Albert Einstein \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng; c\u00f3 danh s\u00e1ch d\u00e0i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t \u1edf ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 n\u00ean b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m?<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Big data l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft, b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v.v. nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 sai. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng con s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea; gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng cho v\u00e0i sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn. To\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n; m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

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—English version—<\/p>\n

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Blog1474- Big data in college admission<\/p>\n

I just read an interesting article that some universities are using Big Data technology in their school admission. The concept is simple, all of students\u2019 homeworks and exams grades in high schools or universities are stored in the school computers database and these data can be collected and analyzed. Many students also place their personal information on Facebook, LinkedIn, chat rooms, and social networks, these data can also be collected by Big data analytic tools too. These data are analyzed by sophisticated algorithms to determine who will do well in college, who will fail, who may quit school, and who will need extra help. These factors can also predict whether the student will be successful in life or not.<\/p>\n

The article showed that WichitaStateUniversity has been using Big data predictive analysis tools in their college admission for several years. Admission officers collect data such as students\u2019 homework grades, the amount of classes they enrolled in high school, and other social factors to predict which applicants will succeed and which ones may get into problems and concluded that their Big data predicting model had 96% accuracy identifying \u201ctop\u201d applicants. In the U.S. the rating of the school is very important and by having more students graduated and succeed, the school\u2019s rating will go up etc.<\/p>\n

The use of this technology in school’s admissions may bring changes in the school rating but it also brings some unintended results too. When the software predicts that a student will do well in college, it is good but what will happen if it shows a student who may fail? Would the school do not admit that student? If all schools are using this tool, what will happen to many students who are considered \u201cNot fit\u201d? It is completely wrong to assume that students who did not do well in high schools will not do well in college.\u00a0 It is completely wrong to deny an education opportunity for students based on a software program. It is completely wrong not to accept students because the software predicts that students who have low grades in high school and may fail in college. In my 25 years of teaching, I have seen many students who did not do well in high schools but excel in college. I have seen many students who struggled in their first year in college but overcome obstacles and turn out to be much better students later. I also saw many top students in high school but failed in college too. I do not think any mathematical algorithms can predict the future of people as they will change as they are maturing. People are not just static data that can be fitted into a certain pattern.<\/p>\n

The school admission reported that with data analytics, they have reduced the number of \u201crisky\u201d students who often failed and quit school. I wonder what the data analytic would predict about Bill Gates. He did well in high school but quit school anyway. Mark Zuckerberg also did well in high school but quit school too. What would it predicts about Steve Jobs, he failed many college courses and quit school too. Are they bad students who have no future? There are many successful people who quit college; there are many great people who did not do well in high school but contributed significant to science, technology and humanity. Albert Einstein did not do well in school but became a famous scientist; there is a long list famous people who did not do well in school, should they be denied admission to an education because of a software prediction?<\/p>\n

Big data technology is good to predict defects, anomaly, and pattern in manufacturing, sales and marketing etc. but using it for college admission is wrong. The quality of education should not be made by statistic numbers; education must be open for all, not for a few selective students. The whole world needs more educated people to make it a better place; every country needs educated people to improve the lives of its citizens; In this information age, we need more knowledgeable people and that is the mission of every educational institution to educate people, not to use technology to discriminate and deny anyone a chance to learn based on a computer program.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o th\u00fa v\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Big Data trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3833"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3833\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3835,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3833\/revisions\/3835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3833"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3833"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}