{"id":3804,"date":"2013-11-29T12:27:27","date_gmt":"2013-11-29T05:27:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3804"},"modified":"2013-11-29T12:27:27","modified_gmt":"2013-11-29T05:27:27","slug":"nghe-va-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3804","title":{"rendered":"Nghe v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cL\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 nghe \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 g\u00ec hay li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ch\u00fa \u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea1n b\u1ea1n \u0111ang quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi li\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1eafng nghe vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u1eafng nghe, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc. L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nghe v\u00e0 ch\u0103m ch\u00fa v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i? Ng\u00e0y nay sinh vi\u00ean r\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean trong l\u1edbp cho n\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u0169 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu “slide PowerPoint” l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 “H\u1ecdc qua H\u00e0nh” hay “H\u1ecdc T\u00edch c\u1ef1c”.<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u00edt th\u00f4i v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nghe b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc. Khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3i. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn ng\u1eafn. T\u00f4i \u01b0a th\u00edch chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n video ng\u1eafn t\u1eeb YouTube hay KhanAcademy nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n sinh vi\u00ean l\u1eafng nghe, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i cho h\u1ecd l\u00ed do t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh cho h\u1ecd l\u00ed do kh\u00f4ng nghe. Cho h\u1ecd truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o slide PowerPoint c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m n\u1ea3n l\u00f2ng vi\u1ec7c nghe v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00ec slides d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nghe b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 cho h\u1ecd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u00e0n b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a slides, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i nghe \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00ec s\u1eeda cho h\u1ecd b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ecf l\u1ee1. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho t\u00f4i c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.\u201d \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecb sao l\u00e3ng, r\u01a1i v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7, hay kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd trong l\u1edbp, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn l\u1edbp. N\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd th\u00ec h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n. Sinh vi\u00ean r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe ai \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u0103m nom, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan trong l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft t\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m nom v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Listening and learning<\/p>\n

A teacher wrote to me: \u201cHow could I get students to pay attention to my lectures. They may sit there and hear what I say but I do not know what they think or whether they are paying attention or not? Is there any better method?<\/p>\n

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Answer: Basically you are concerned about whether your students are listening to your teaching or not. Of course, if they do not listen, they will not learn. How could you ensure that students are not just hearing the lecture, but actually listening and pay attention to what you say? Today students are very active and could not sit still in class so the old teaching method of lecturing and show \u201cPowerPoint slides\u201d are obsolete and should be replaced by different approach such as \u201cLearning by Doing\u201d or \u201cActive Learning\u201d.<\/p>\n

My advice is you should talk less because your goal is for students to learn, and that listening to you talk about something does not guarantee that they will learn. When you find it necessary to lecture, make it a short lecture on a complex topic but give students an opportunity to participate by let them do the talking. You must pause to ask questions then let them think through problems, and express their viewpoints in a short class discussion. I prefer to show a short video from YouTube or KhanAcademy as good alternatives to keep students\u2019 attention.<\/p>\n

If you want your students to listen, you will have to give them good reasons to do so. You should avoid giving them reasons not to listen. Giving them access to your PowerPoint slides before class often discourages listening and note-taking because the slides seem comprehensive that they can read it anytime without listening to you. If you only give them an outline version of your slides, students have to listen to fill in the gaps. Of course, some students will miss something important but instead of correcting them you should let them discuss with their friends sitting near to fill in any things they missed. For example you may say: \u201cYou may discuss with your friends before give me an answer.\u201d To avoid students from getting distracted, falling asleep, or not pay attention in class, I often call on them randomly to lead a class discussion. If students realize that at any moment you could call on them they are much more likely to pay more attention in class.<\/p>\n

It is important for professor to know students and let them get to know you. Students are more likely to listen to professors who have taken the time to get to know them as individuals. They are often listen to someone they view a more caring people who want to help then someone just give lecture. It is important to learn their names and interests, and help them see that you really care about their learning.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cL\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3804"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3804\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3806,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3804\/revisions\/3806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}