{"id":3801,"date":"2013-11-27T19:19:24","date_gmt":"2013-11-27T12:19:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3801"},"modified":"2013-11-27T19:19:24","modified_gmt":"2013-11-27T12:19:24","slug":"doc-va-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3801","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y th\u00fa v\u1ecb. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi l\u1edbp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y, qu\u00e3ng 62 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p hay gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, hay kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 sau trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc. Tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu l\u1ea5y b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111ang h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc g\u00ec m\u1ea5y b\u1edfi v\u00ec gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u hay l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f3. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh ghi nh\u1edb m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh th\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp\u00a0 v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u201cGoogle\u201d n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc “c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc” m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

L\u00ed do sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbp l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1edbp. H\u1ecd h\u1ecfi \u201cVi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng?\u201d N\u1ebfu c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d th\u00ec h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean Internet, sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e9t t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u1edf l\u1edbp hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1ef1 l\u1edbp ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb.\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng coi \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. Th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf v\u00ec c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u t\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi \u1edf ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc hay trung h\u1ecdc bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f2n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc. H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m then ch\u1ed1t. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n qui \u01b0\u1edbc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tham gia v\u00e0o trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m chung m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng “\u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u” l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng cho ki\u1ec3m tra. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh th\u00ec h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ghi nh\u1edb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n thay v\u00ec hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. H\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd ghi nh\u1edb m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00ed ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 gi\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u cho ph\u00e9p sinh vi\u00ean thay v\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho t\u1eebng ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o hi\u1ec3u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ghi nh\u1edb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean n\u00f3i cho t\u00f4i h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1i g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd v\u00e0i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd trong l\u1edbp. T\u1eeb c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9 ra b\u1edfi ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean l\u1edbp. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u201cPh\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c em th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u?\u201d\u00a0hay \u201cN\u1ebfu em hi\u1ec3u b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o em mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n?\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c l\u00ed do m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111i t\u1edbi l\u1edbp l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa, web site, hay c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i t\u1edbi l\u1edbp h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, tham gia v\u00e0o th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp v\u00e0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecd c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong l\u1edbp. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, th\u0103m d\u00f2, v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thay v\u00ec l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1edbi l\u1edbp. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean \u01b0a th\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong l\u1edbp thay v\u00ec nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp theo c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 thay v\u00ec ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u0103m d\u00f2 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi v.v. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Reading and learning<\/p>\n

There is a study about college students\u2019 reading ability that I find interesting. The study found that about a third of students often come to class without completing the reading assignments that were expected to be completed before class. Among these students, about 62 % percent were having difficulty to perform complex tasks or solve problems. Many could not interpret a simple chart, understand different approach to solve problems, work independently, or participate in class discussion. The study concluded that by not having good reading habit, these students may not develop essential skills that help them to succeed later in life.<\/p>\n

Today we are living in a world where things change quickly and impact everything therefore learning does not always happen in classrooms. New knowledge are often obtained by extra readings where students process these new information and learn to apply them. Nearly all college learnings are focusing on students\u2019 abilities to read and understand what they are reading. If they do not read, they will not learn much because professors can only explain things that students do not understand or clarify difficult concepts. The tradition education that teachers lecture everything and students memorize all the facts are obsolete because things change so fast and professors may not catch up and students can find almost anything they need just by \u201cGoogle\u201d it. To succeed in this knowledge age, students must have the ability to learn \u201chow to learn\u201d independently by reading extra materials to build their knowledge.<\/p>\n

The reason students do not read before class because they assume that the professor will present the important information in class. They ask \u201cIs reading important for passing the course?\u201d If the answer is \u201cNo\u201d then they think reading is not necessary and doing that is a waste of time. Today there are many things posted on the Internet, students would take advantage of these available online postings for quick references and do not consider either reading class assignments or even attending class as long as they can pass the course.<\/p>\n

Another issue to reading before class is the reading abilities of the students. Many of them do not have good reading habit developed when they were young.\u00a0\u00a0 They do not read much in elementary school and high school so they do not think reading is important. Reading habit must be developed at early age as it takes time to build a good reading comprehension. A good elementary or high school teachers always encourage students to read and give special reading assignments to help them develop stronger reading skills. Without this, many will not be able to meet the reading requirements at college level. Without a good reading habit, they will not be able to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in this fast changing world.<\/p>\n

The study on students\u2019 reading abilities went further and found that most successful students are often people who like to read and they know how to find what is needed in the readings. They know which parts are important and which are not and are motivated to read more to go deeper into the key concept. They are people who have an open minds to new ideas, new things and because having a broader knowledge, they learn to solve problems by come up with different approach than the tradition convention. These students always have a purpose for reading and with their profound knowledge, they can easily participate in class discussion and learn more by sharing their knowledge with others.<\/p>\n

The study also points out a common mistake that teachers often made which is emphasize that \u201creading materials\u201d are important for a test. By focus on test as evident of students\u2019 reading then students would focus on memorize facts rather than understand the concepts. Students would memorize everything just to pass the test but without processing them. Good professors must provide purposes for reading, which permit the students to focus on concepts and understanding instead. Professors need to provide guidance with each reading assignment by focus on the comprehension of ideas for class discussion and how to apply them rather than just memorize facts. One technique that I often use is before each class, I often ask students to tell me what they do not understand in their reading before coming to class and use it for class discussion. By asking them several questions on the reading materials, I can determine what concepts are mastered from the reading and which need attention in class. From their answers, I can adjust what to teach based on student\u2019s understanding that is revealed by the reading assignment. Therefore I can focus on what a large number of students did not understand from the reading and make best use of class time. I often begin with questions: \u201cWhat part of the reading did you find difficult to understand?\u201d\u00a0 or \u201cIf you understood the reading completely, what topic would you most like to learn more about?\u201d This requires students to think more about their reading, which is a key component of learning.<\/p>\n

One of the reasons college students go to class is to get the knowledge that cannot be obtained from textbook, web site, or other materials. By go to class they can ask questions, participate in class discussion and learn how to apply them. That is why I always encourage students to read first to know some facts and concepts before class and then teach them on how to apply them during class. Most of my class activities are built on discussion, exploration, and application rather than repeat what is already in the reading materials. By focus on these learning aspects, students quickly appreciate the value of coming to class. Most students would prefer reading before class in order to work actively in class rather than listening to lectures and then doing homework on their own. I often have them work in team rather than assign homework to individual as a team, they have more time to discuss and explore new ideas, new approaches etc. And that is why learning really happens.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y th\u00fa v\u1ecb. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e3ng m\u1ed9t … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3801","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3801"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3801\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3803,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3801\/revisions\/3803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3801"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3801"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}