{"id":3782,"date":"2013-11-12T07:40:36","date_gmt":"2013-11-12T00:40:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3782"},"modified":"2013-11-12T07:40:36","modified_gmt":"2013-11-12T00:40:36","slug":"the-gioi-cong-nghe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3782","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sung t\u00fac cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00edt gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u01a1n. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 trong mi\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 robots \u0111ang t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111ang thay th\u1ebf cho nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. C\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang, m\u1ed9t khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00e3i m\u00e3i. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c v\u00ec s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfm m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 robots \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai kh\u1eafp ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3 nhanh h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch v\u1edf hay l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 qua vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc qua h\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 “h\u1ecdc theo ghi nh\u1edb” kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c d\u1ef1a n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0o “ghi nh\u1edb” c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. V\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edbp t\u1ed1t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. V\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u tri th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0m \u01b0u th\u1ebf doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn m\u1edbi, t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eadn nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. L\u00ed do ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ti v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin trong v\u00f2ng hai n\u0103m t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ea1nh tranh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o hay c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u00f3. Thi\u1ebfu l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ee9c trung kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh. M\u1ecdi ng\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh. V\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm, c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2u t\u00f3m th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Technology world<\/p>\n

Today new technologies are changing the balance of employment in countries all over the world. Advancing in technologies has increased employment and wealth for skilled workers, mostly highly educated people but reduced the number of labor workers, mostly lesser educated people. This change is resulting in severe disruption of employment and economy of many countries. As most jobs created by technology are in the college education range, an investment in higher education is critical for countries that want to grow their economies but it could devastate countries that cannot catch up in education and have to continue to rely on manual labor workforce.<\/p>\n

Currently, the replacement of manual jobs by machines and robots is accelerating in manufacturing and transportation logistics and computers are replacing many jobs in office, finance and banking. There is a significant reducing in available jobs at a rapid rate which increase the number of unemployment in many countries and without proper actions, once people became unemployed, it will be permanent. Unskilled workers will never have another chance as the number of skilled workers continues to occupy all the good jobs and automation and robots are being deployed across manufacturing industry.<\/p>\n

Today the key asset of economic growth is technology knowledge. Although to make things, you need to know how to make it but by apply technology you can make it faster, better, cheaper and compete more effectively. However technology knowledge is different from other knowledge as you cannot learn it from books or theories but must acquired it through learning by doing. It means traditional education of \u201clearning by memorization\u201d does not work because it only produces graduates that do not have the practical experience required in modern business world. Education system that relies heavily on \u201cmemorization\u201d also means that skills such as problem solving, teamwork and innovation are not taught. Unless the education system can be changed, it will be difficult to develop knowledge workers to meet industry demand and grow the economy. As technology is changing fast, only a fraction of it could fit well in a college training program. Since most products require more knowledge than one person could know, making them requires teams of people with different knowledge, therefore teamwork and collaboration are essential.<\/p>\n

Today companies are using information technology as business advantage to remain competitive. Of course to use it effectively, company leaders must understand technologies and adopt a new mindset to make things happen. They must develop a new vision, create a technology adoption roadmap with measurable goals, and lead the change to take advantage of information technology. However, according to an industry study, the adoption of technology is very slow in most developing countries. The main reason is the lack of understanding among company leaders of what technology can do for their business. Most of them are successful in local market but unprepared for global market competition that is why when they have to compete with global companies, most failed. The study warned that local companies need to apply information technology within the next two years to remain competitive, else many will not survive. The issue is since company leaders do not know what technology to use or what are the benefits of applying information technology, they do not invest enough resource in it. The lack of technology leadership at the top results in the lack of a unified vision within the company and most middle level managers do not want to act without appropriated direction from the top. Every day, company leaders must make decisions that affect the business but without the use of technology, they do not have the up to date and accurate information to react to the fast changing market. That is why many companies miss good opportunities to remain competitive. As things are moving slowly, company may not be able to compete against foreign companies who are moving in quickly to capture the market.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3782"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3784,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3782\/revisions\/3784"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}