{"id":361,"date":"2013-06-18T22:50:51","date_gmt":"2013-06-18T15:50:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=361"},"modified":"2013-06-21T10:59:15","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T03:59:15","slug":"van-hoa-hoc-tap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=361","title":{"rendered":"V\u0103n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i t\u1edbi thung l\u0169ng Silicon \u0111\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1edbi th\u0103m b\u1ea1n b\u00e8. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cC\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng \u0111ang h\u1ecdc th\u00f3i quen x\u1ea5u n\u00e0y n\u1eefa. \u00d4ng thu\u00ea h\u1ecd t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd, r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd b\u1ecf sang c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1n.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cV\u1eady th\u1ebf l\u00e0m sao \u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt? C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu?”<\/p>\n

Anh ta n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u00f4i; \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00f4i \u0111ang t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1t, k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t, hi\u1ec3u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. T\u00f4i nh\u00ecn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi l\u1edbp h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi “ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o.” Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 v\u00e0i m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u00f4n t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n. T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd b\u1ecf \u0111i sau khi thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00ec ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cV\u1eady l\u00e0m sao \u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u00f4ng c\u1ea7n?”<\/p>\n

Anh ta tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cT\u00f4i cho h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cV\u1eady l\u00e0 \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u00ec \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n chi ti\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. Ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng ai s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5. T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro. \u00d4ng s\u1ebd y\u00ean t\u00e2m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh “s\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc” v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi? L\u00e0m sao \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n?”<\/p>\n

Anh ta c\u00e3i: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e8m c\u1eb7p ch\u1ee9.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i n\u00f3i: \u201cK\u00e8m c\u1eb7p th\u00ec d\u1ec5 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n cho n\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y k\u00e8m v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecfi c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1eeb h\u1ecd.”<\/p>\n

Anh ta s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i n\u1eefa. C\u00f3 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mua cho \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta: \u201c\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o theo b\u00e0i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc hay d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t cho th\u00f4ng tin chung. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m; xem b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m tra hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u1ecf, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ec5, nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c xem video.”<\/p>\n

Anh ta ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1c r\u1ed3i h\u1ecfi: \u201cD\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7y ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n?\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201c\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. V\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t, d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 “t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc theo nh\u00f3m” n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n. \u00a0Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ea1y k\u00e8m t\u1ea1i b\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y k\u00e8m nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi; hay kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi; h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec. V\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u1edf l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 xem ai th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ai kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ai ch\u0103m ch\u00fa v\u00e0 ai kh\u00f4ng. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c cho b\u00e0i t\u1eadp hay \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong “d\u1ef1 \u00e1n gi\u1ea3.”<\/p>\n

Anh ta d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c: \u201cV\u1eady th\u1ea7y khuy\u00ean r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i thu\u00ea t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i sao?\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cC\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean v\u00ec h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc nhanh, kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u00ean \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00f3m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m. \u00d4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ti v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00e1 b\u1eadn t\u00e2m v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho \u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 gi\u00fap cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 trung th\u00e0nh v\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Khi m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng ti thay v\u00ec t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u00eam v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00d4ng n\u00ean \u0111i xa h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng chia s\u1ebb tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd \u1edf h\u00f4m nay v\u00ec ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u1edf trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ai \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec \u00f4ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u01a1n. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh v\u0103n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng gi\u1eef cho k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi. C\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.””<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A learning culture<\/p>\n

Last week, I went to Silicon Valley to attend a conference and also visited friends. A friend who owns a software company told me: \u201cThere is a critical shortage of skilled people here. Many companies are experiencing issue where workers change job frequently to get better salary. Even new graduates are learning this bad habit too. You hire them from school, train them, then they leave for another company. Training is a waste of money.\u201d<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cSo how do you keep your workers\u2019 skills up to date? Technology changes fast and without training, their skills can be obsolete?<\/p>\n

He said: \u201cI only hire skilled people; it is a better way to operate a business. I am looking for graduates that has good planning skills, good programming skills, understands business operation, have some soft-skills and experiences in working with customers. I look careful at all classes they took at university and their grades as indicators about what they can do for my company. Of course, it is difficult to find a \u201cPerfect\u201d person. Most of them are skilled in only few subjects, but not in all subjects that I need. I have to put new graduates in small projects, where they learn and improve their skills until they are good enough to work in larger projects. However there is a risk as some would leave after gaining the experience. Today most college graduates can only do few things as their training programs are not up to date.\u201d<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cSo how do you expect them to work since they do not have the skills that you want?<\/p>\n

He answered: \u201cI give them some technical documents to read.\u201d<\/p>\n

I laughed: \u201cSo you want them to self-study because you do not want to spend money on training. This type of training only works if the document is short and well written, No one would read a big document and understand well. Self-study is only effective if the person is motivated but it has many risks. How comfortable would you be when your developer completed a \u201cself-study book\u201d on a new technology that you will use in a new project? How do you know the person has the skills to perform?<\/p>\n

He argued: \u201cNew software developers are monitored and put under a manager for mentoring.\u201d<\/p>\n

I said: \u201cMentoring is easy to say but most are often not well defined. It is about telling a person to ask an experienced person when they have questions. In software working environment, people are busy so it is ineffective when the assigned manager does not want to be a mentor as he is unavailable most of the time. Many new graduates do not know what to ask since they do not know what is expected of them.<\/p>\n

He corrected his argument: \u201cWe also have self-tutorial training too. There are software tutorials that we bought for training.\u201d<\/p>\n

I told him: \u201cSelf tutorial or computer-based training is only good for general information. People download the software; watch the lectures then take a test to verify their understanding. It is good for something simple, small, and easy subjects, such as learning how to use a software tool. There is no guarantee that they can develop skills just by watching a video.<\/p>\n

He hesitated for awhile then asked: \u201cIt seems that you advocate for more classroom trainings?\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cClassroom training is the traditional way to provide knowledge and skills. With good instructors, practical use of tools and examples, the results can be effective. The advantage of classroom training is the \u201cgroup learning dynamic\u201d where people interacts with others. If they do not understand, they can ask questions and gets immediate answers from the instructors. This training is better than self-study as people can read a book many times and still confuse. New employees can learn from tutorial software at their desks, they may sit there all day but if they do not pay attention, they just waste time. New employees can have mentor but if they do not ask questions; or never find the person who knows the answer; they learn nothing. With classroom training, you can watch students to see who really learn the materials well and who do not. You can see who are paying attention and who do not. You can test their skills by having exercises or have them practice in a \u201cpseudo project\u201d.<\/p>\n

He seemed convinced: \u201cSo you recommend that I hire some consultants to train my employees?\u201d<\/p>\n

I explained: \u201cThe best way is having your own instructors. Your managers should be instructors since they know your business and the technical aspects of your company. To get new employees to learn fast, nothing is better than using your own managers to provide the training. There are people in your company who have strong technical skills and they can be helpful for internal training. Managers should train their own group since they are responsible for the group\u2019s performance. You should make training as part of their job. Since they have specific knowledge on how the company operates, their trainings can focus on the needed skills. You should not be too concerned with the issue of people changing job. By having internal training by your own people, you can improve your company\u2019s performance and it benefits you. The internal training helps employees to develop a sense of community and loyalty as they see that they have better career here. As long as people recognize that by develop better skills, they can advance their careers by moving up in the company rather than looking for another job with few dollars more. You should go further by encourage employees who are willing to share their expertise with others to be candidates for future promotion. If they know where they are today because someone trained them and where they will be tomorrow because they train somebody then you would have more skilled people. Your training program will manifested itself into a learning culture where people would always keep their skills current by continuously learning new things. Your company will become a \u201cLearning organization\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i t\u1edbi thung l\u0169ng Silicon \u0111\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1edbi th\u0103m b\u1ea1n b\u00e8. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,18,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=361"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":363,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361\/revisions\/363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}