{"id":3606,"date":"2013-09-19T09:32:47","date_gmt":"2013-09-19T02:32:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3606"},"modified":"2013-09-19T09:32:47","modified_gmt":"2013-09-19T02:32:47","slug":"he-thong-giao-duc-moi-phan-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3606","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c (UNESCO), ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 600 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 n\u00e0y (2010-2020). Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c trong khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM). Khi nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi n\u00e0y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 logic nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec h\u00e0n l\u00e2m bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ch\u1eadm thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o cho truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m con s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao. \u1ede ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, thanh ni\u00ean th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 32% nh\u01b0ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc (Hi L\u1ea1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, Italy) thanh ni\u00ean th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 tr\u00ean 56%. \u1ede ch\u00e2u \u00c1, thanh ni\u00ean th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c g\u0103ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra s\u1edbm, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i cho m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00ean h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0o? V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf?<\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng \u00edt ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn t\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u201cChi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng?\u201d Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sang c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng: \u201cC\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p KH\u00d4NG n\u00ean \u1edf trong kinh doanh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 k\u00e9m.\u201d Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 duy tr\u00ec nguy\u00ean l\u00ed n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u201cgi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tri th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t\u201d cho sinh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng KH\u00d4NG cung c\u1ea5p “k\u0129 n\u0103ng cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p” v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec1. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1eadm thay \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng? Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Harvard, Stanford, v\u00e0 MIT v.v. \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edf ra cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn m\u1edf cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang – Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3ng trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. N\u00f3 m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c M\u0129 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u00e3i m\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a MOOC l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Google, Eric Schmidt, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTrong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 xa hoa trong \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec.\u201d \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u1eddi n\u00f3i t\u1eeb quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00ec h\u1ecd cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cCh\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i hay c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam n\u1eefa. Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n ph\u00ed ho\u00e0i, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n.\u201d<\/p>\n

Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed cao c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e2m nguy. Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n d\u1ea1y cho MOOC \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n t\u1eeb MOOC v\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti n\u00f3i \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 con m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n con m\u00ecnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3. \u00d4ng ta n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1edb m\u1ecdi l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.\u201d<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Google c\u0169ng th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc “ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.” Nh\u01b0ng sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4n ph\u1ee5 t\u1eeb MOOC \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 MOOC. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t, khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd thu\u00ea h\u1ecd b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ecd b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u.\u201d<\/p>\n

Schmidt c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 Khan Academy n\u01a1i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc video tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi tr\u00ean s\u00e1u tri\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tham d\u1ef1 l\u1edbp m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0y. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Google c\u0169ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho EdX, m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Massachusetts (MIT) t\u1ea1o ra, \u0111\u1ec3 cho sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc “c\u00e1c m\u00f4n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t” v\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tham gia l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a MOOC, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean tham d\u1ef1 MOOC l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cEm kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u00f4n t\u1eeb Harvard v\u00e0 MIT m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 g\u00ec. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi v\u00ec em s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 cho em ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t.\u201d<\/p>\n

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Google v\u00e0 EdX c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n c\u00f3 t\u00ean Open EdX \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Google gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cNg\u00e2n qu\u0129 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm khi nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u201d Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng MOOC s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eadp tan c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ee7ng long. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201cV\u1edbi MOOC, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i KH\u00d4NG c\u1ea7n theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 v\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u k\u00ec di\u1ec7u l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n n\u1eefa.\u201d<\/p>\n

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—English version—<\/p>\n

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The new education system part 1<\/p>\n

Today around the world, there are millions of new job opportunities being created that offer the promise of prosperity but millions of people could not get them because they do not have the necessary education and skills. If this situation do not changes, the numbers of unemployed will increase and impact the economic recovery worldwide. The obvious solution is to improve the education and training so people can meet the new skills demands. For years every government has been talking about improving the education system but the fact is there is no real improvement happens yet.<\/p>\n

According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) report, it is estimated that there will be over 600 million new jobs created in this decade (2010-2020). Most of them will come from sectors in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM). As these new jobs grow quickly in industries, it needs high skilled workers, mostly college educated with appropriated education and training. By having a skilled workforce to meet these demands, any country can quickly solve its unemployment problem and economic recession. The solution is logical but to do that a country must change its current education system, which is difficult because academic is always slow to change and education leaders are often reluctant about any change to their traditions.<\/p>\n

Today many countries are experiencing high number of unemployment. In Europe, the youth unemployment has reached 32% but in some countries (Greece, Spain, Portugal, Italy) youth unemployment is over 56%. In Asia, the youth unemployment has reaching critical level in both India and China, especially among college graduates. If change does not happen soon, there will be a serious economic crisis that will hurt every country, every business, every government and its citizens. The issue is what role governments should act? What role the industry should do? And what role education leaders should do to create the educational opportunities needed to support future generations and improve the economy?<\/p>\n

For years governments have invested a lot of money in education but few progresses were made which lead to the question: \u201cIs spending more money a good solution to improve education?\u201d For years, companies have provided additional trainings to workers but only saw trained workers left for job in another companies so they concluded that: \u201cIndustry should NOT be in training business, it is a bad investment.\u201d For years, universities have maintained that their fundamental principle is to provide \u201cGeneral knowledge education\u201d for students but NOT \u201cskills for industry\u201d as they are not a vocational school. As the result, we have millions of unemployed graduates who do not have necessary education and skills to find jobs.<\/p>\n

Few years ago, developed countries recognized that their economy will NOT improve because they do not have enough skilled workers so they began to attract more skilled foreign workers to come and work by changing their immigration policy. However they learned that foreign workers also do not have the skills that they need because their education system is too slow to change. The question is how to trained more skilled workers with the latest technology to meet their huge demand of having millions of skilled workers? The simple solution is to massively train everybody with the best education programs possible. That is why many companies began to fund top universities such as Harvard, Stanford, and MIT etc. to develop online trainings which open to everybody who want to learn new skills. Today Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) is becoming the hottest topic in education. It opens the door of the best U.S. education to everyone, their goal is to educate the whole world and it will completely change the education system forever.<\/p>\n

One of the sponsors of MOOC is Google\u00a0Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt, he explained: \u201cFor years, universities have the luxury in training but they never actually do anything.\u201d It is not a kind word from a top company\u2019 executive but many top executives also agreed with him since they gave universities so much money to improve training programs but nothing happen. An executive explained: \u201cWe cannot depend on the traditional education system to change or improve itself anymore. After many years and so much money wasted, we are disappointed. Today we are creating a new education system for the whole world. With information technology, it is possible to provide online trainings to anybody who want to learn the knowledge and skills that are needed by the industry.\u201d<\/p>\n

According to a new education study, traditional universities with their high costs are currently at risk. Many professors will lose their jobs and top talents will want to teach for MOOC to become global teachers. In the near future, many high school graduates will NOT go to colleges but will take courses from MOOC because they want to have the latest skills that will allow them to get good jobs. A company executive said he does not think his children will need to attend traditional college because he does not want his children to become scholars. He said: \u201cWhy force them to memorize all the useless theories that have no use in their life. They need knowledge and skills to get good jobs. If university wants to be the place to develop scholars then it is fine, but scholars will not get job.\u201d<\/p>\n

However Google chairman is cautious, he said college \u201cjust produces a better adult.\u201d But college students must supplement what they learned in college with additional courses from MOOC in order to get job. But he also leaves open the possibility of hiring people without a college degree but have knowledge and skills from attending MOOC. He said: \u201cThe industry will evaluate each case by case, when we need people with certain skills we will hire them regardless whether they have a college degree or not and it does not matter where they are coming from.\u201d<\/p>\n

Schmidt was positive about the Khan Academy which offers online video tutorials on dozens of topics with over six million students from around the world attending classes every day. The Google Chairman also had kind words for EdX, a online training programs created by Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) that lets students take \u201crigorous technical courses\u201d with ten millions of students from all over the world taking classes on a daily basis. According to the MOOC data, the highest number of students attending MOOC is from India and Africa. An Indian student explained: \u201cI have no money to even go to school in India but now I can take courses from Harvard and MIT without paying anything. This is wonderful as I will study hard and get the skills needed to get me a good job.\u201d<\/p>\n

Last week, Google and EdX announced that they will create a platform called Open EdX to make it easier for anyone to create online courses. Google Chairman explained: \u201cThe fun will start soon as more professors will want to put their courses on line to educate the whole world.\u201d It is predicted that MOOC will smash traditional universities that resist change as many of them will become extinct like the dinosaur. A student concluded: \u201cWith MOOC, we do have a choice to build our future as we do NOT need to follow the traditional education system that does not want to change. If we have the necessary knowledge and skills, we can get good job and with globalization, we can work anywhere that we want. It is wonderful that we are no longer victims anymore.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3606","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3606"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3608,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3606\/revisions\/3608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}