{"id":3531,"date":"2013-08-26T14:24:41","date_gmt":"2013-08-26T07:24:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3531"},"modified":"2013-08-26T14:24:41","modified_gmt":"2013-08-26T07:24:41","slug":"nghe-nghiep-trong-linh-vuc-cong-nghe-thong-tin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3531","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1eed nh\u00e2n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, hay Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ghi danh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn th\u1ea5p. T\u1ea1i sao sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m?<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u00ed do l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang. Kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Internet, Facebook, c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng Chat n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a internet. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201c\u1ede M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i\u00a0 nh\u01b0ng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, sinh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n v\u00ec qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o gi\u1ea3. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt hay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd coi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 iPhone, iPads thay v\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i website tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u websites, b\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng websites n\u00e0y ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00ed do ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i sao sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.\u201d<\/p>\n

L\u00ed do kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn sai r\u1eb1ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cEm bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n em b\u1ea3o em r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho n\u00ean em s\u1ee3 l\u00e0 em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t trong n\u00f3.\u201d T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi anh ta: \u201cB\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a em c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hay khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng?\u201d Anh ta l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1: \u201cKh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang em to\u00e0n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c.\u201d T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cV\u1eady b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a em th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u1ebd nghe \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb ai \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n tin \u0111\u1ed3n n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc n\u00f3. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tin \u0111\u1ed3n n\u00e0y l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00ec c\u00e0ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00e0ng \u00edt c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 cho h\u1ecd ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n, v\u00ec c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n cung nhi\u1ec1u.\u201d Anh ta b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i: \u201cEm ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\u201d T\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c: \u201cEm mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t, em mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng em kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng d\u1ea7u v\u1eady v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p. Kh\u00f4ng may l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Thay v\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 “m\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.” \u0110\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 trong b\u1ed1n n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. B\u1ed1n n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p.\u201d<\/p>\n

L\u00ed do kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169 m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1edbi hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m hay t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb hai m\u01b0\u01a1i hay ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Do \u0111\u00f3 cho d\u00f9 sinh vi\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n: \u201cT\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n ba m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1edbi b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n. Ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi thu\u00ea h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecd chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m \u1edf c\u00f4ng ti t\u00f4i. \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 k\u00e9m nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\u201d \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1edbi th\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang quan t\u00e2m. Ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n

L\u00ed do kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd ng\u1ea1i ng\u00f9ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong \u0111a d\u1ea1ng khu v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, cho t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 an ninh cho tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v.v, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb \u0111a d\u1ea1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f2n r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169ng c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m an ninh m\u1ea1ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1eadt m\u00e3 ho\u00e1, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, sinh tin h\u1ecdc, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v.v.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh, h\u1ecd g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n. Lu\u1eadt di tr\u00fa m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 M\u0129, Anh, \u0110\u1ee9c v.v l\u00e0m d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Theo S\u1edf th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea lao \u0111\u1ed9ng M\u0129 (BLS), c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v.v.) l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed1n n\u0103m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5\/ 2012 l\u00e0 $100,660 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n $20,000 so v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh doanh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n $45,000 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh h\u01a1n trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ngh\u1ec1, t\u1edbi 28% t\u1eeb 2010 t\u1edbi 2020.<\/p>\n

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—English version—<\/p>\n

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Careers in information technology fields<\/p>\n

Today we are living in a technology-driven world where computers are common and used in every business. Therefore, a bachelor\u2019s degree in technology fields such as Computer Science, Software Engineering, or Information System Management are the key that open doors for many career opportunities. Although there is a shortage of people with these skills all over the world but somehow the number of college students enroll in these fields are still low. Why students do not study technology fields even they have many job opportunities?<\/p>\n

One reason is college students do not know much about the market trends and industry needs to select the right field of study. It is hard to believe this in the time of the Internet, Facebook, Online magazines, and Chat rooms where information is available at the speed of the internet. But a consultant explained: \u201cIn the U.S. and Europe, information about technology trends and industry needs are widely available but in Asia, students are often confused because of too much false advertising. They do not have the ability distinguish a good technical trend articles and product trend advertisings. Most of them view technology as consumer products such as iPhone, iPads rather than something they can learn and build a career. There are only few online websites focus on technology trends but there are many websites, online newspapers and magazines advertise technology products because these websites make money on advertising. Instead of being someone who create or work in technology, they become the consumers of technology. Lacking of appropriated information is one of many reasons why students do not study technology.\u201d<\/p>\n

Another reason is college students often have a wrong view that technology is very difficult so they are reluctant to select them. A student told me: \u201cI know that software engineering is a good field to study and graduates often get good job but my friends told me that it is very difficult so I am afraid that I may not do well in it.\u201d I asked him: \u201cDo your friends study software engineering or computer science?\u201d He hesitated: \u201cNo, we all study something else.\u201d I explained: \u201cSo your friends really do not know. They probably heard it from somebody and spread the rumor, eventually many believe that technology is difficult so no one want to study it. Maybe some computer science students start this rumor in the beginning, because the fewer people study technology, the less competitive job market and it is easier for them to get job with higher salary, as the demand is much more than the supply.\u201d He was embarrassed: \u201cI never think of it like that.\u201d I continued: \u201cYou want to have good job, you want to make a lot of money, but you do not want to study something difficult. That may explain why many graduates are unemployed because they want to study something easy, something they do not have to put in effort but still get degree. Unfortunately a degree is no longer a guarantee for job. Instead of having high demand skills and good job offer, they have a \u201cpiece of paper of no value\u201d. To change this, you must put your effort in studying technology for only four years but your whole life would be much better. Four years is not too long but it does make a difference between having good job and unemployment.\u201d<\/p>\n

Another reason is some technology trainings are obsolete as students learn from textbooks and programs that are ten or twenty years old or from teachers who are still teaching something that they learned twenty or thirty years ago. Therefore even students select the right field but their skills are not current enough to get job in the industry. A software company owner complained: \u201cI have to interview thirty to forty graduates to get one that may have skills that I need. Even after hiring them, I still have spent a lot of efforts to train them but most of them switch jobs after a year in my company. Training is a bad investment but that is the only way to get skilled workers. Many schools do not teach what the industry need as they do not have good teachers and current trainings that is why their graduates are not qualified to work in the industry.\u201d To avoid this situation, it is very important for students to choose the right schools and the right trainings. Not all universities are the same and not all training programs are similar. Students must conduct research to identify the right schools with the right trainings. The best way is to visit the school and talk to students, especially graduates from the field that you are interested in. The best indicator is the number of graduates who had jobs in the field that they study. Education is an investment, you invest your family\u2019s money and your time in develop the skills that will help you to build your future, so you must be very selective.<\/p>\n

Another reason is technology fields are something new that student does not know what they would do when graduates so they are reluctant to select something unknown. Technology graduates work in a variety of areas, from design, implement, and improvement of information systems to develop artificial intelligence and security to computer games and databases etc., since these areas are very broad, students can choose from a variety of career paths. Most students only know that technology jobs are coding and testing. Of course, for small software companies, this is the only thing that many workers do but in fact, technology fields are much broader than that. Beside coding, testing, technology fields also include network security, system analysis, computer forensics, database administration, software engineering, data science, cryptography, biotechnology, bioinformatics, computer engineering etc.<\/p>\n

Today if graduates have technical skills and English language, they can almost choose to work in almost every country that they want. The new immigration laws of several developed countries such as the U.S. UK, Germany etc. make it much easier for technical people to work there. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), information technology (Computer Science, Software Engineering, Information System Management, Computer engineering etc.) is the fastest growing field in the industry and have the highest salary in consideration of only four years of education. The median income for information technology workers with a Bachelor\u2019s degree in May 2012 was $100,660 which is $20,000 more than a business administration degree and $45,000 more than other degrees. In addition, the job outlook is excellent with employment expected to grow much faster than the average for all occupations, by 28% from 2010 to 2020.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn l\u00e1i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3531"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3533,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3531\/revisions\/3533"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}