{"id":3525,"date":"2013-08-25T18:11:03","date_gmt":"2013-08-25T11:11:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3525"},"modified":"2013-08-25T18:11:03","modified_gmt":"2013-08-25T11:11:03","slug":"thuc-tap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3525","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi d\u1ea1y \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3v vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.\u00a0 T\u00f4i c\u0169ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111i t\u1eeb trung h\u1ecdc l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Ngay c\u1ea3 sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh ra h\u01a1n 20 n\u0103m \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng hi\u1ebfm khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea1nh tranh sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean M\u0129 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3u b\u00e1n th\u1eddi khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1eddi v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 v\u00ec h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 s\u1edbm. Ph\u1ee5 huynh ch\u00e2u \u00c1 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho con h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n khi ch\u00fang \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00fang cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Khi sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 ‘cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c” v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 cho khi h\u1ecd tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 cho khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n t\u00ecm ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi “vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc” trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m r\u1ed3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u01a1n cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t vi\u1ebft ra m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, r\u1ed3i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra ki\u1ec3u th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp n\u00e0o l\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3. Khi h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. V\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a anh ta l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4i sao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh v\u00ec anh ta th\u00edch di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh. \u0110\u1ebfn h\u00e8 anh ta t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p, lau v\u00e0 qu\u00e9t c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 phim nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p anh ta h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh. Sau m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111\u00f3, anh ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1eeb s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u sang khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t \u1edf Microsoft, trong khi b\u1ea1n anh ta t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201cTrong h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, ch\u1ec9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t; nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00fac tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng.\u201d Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eabn \u0111ang m\u01a1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4i sao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu th\u1eddi trang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t k\u00ec th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong khi v\u1eabn \u1edf trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u1ecbch. Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c v\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fat \u00edt ti\u1ec1n hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n ch\u00fat n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u201c\u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m\u201d n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ra, th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m ra k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft ai \u0111\u00f3 trong c\u00f4ng ti m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 sau nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t, c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng vi\u1ebft cho b\u1ea1n th\u01b0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y k\u00e8m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng cho ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t trong th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u00ecm ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00f3 sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Internship<\/p>\n

When teaching in Asia, I often heard college graduates complained that they cannot get job because they do not have experience.\u00a0 I was also surprised that many students go from high school to college without ever work. Even PhD degree students who spend more than 20 years in school also rarely work and that is why many often get lost in the competitive job market after graduated. In contrast most U.S students start to work in high school, many work part time when they go to school and full time in the summer as they learn to be independent at early age. Asian parents do not like their children to work, many argue that they can afford for their students to go to school. Several told me that they save enough money so their children do not have to earn money when they are in school. I explained to them that internship is NOT about making money but having experience so they can set the right direction for their career. When U.S. College students work in summer, they learn more about \u201cworking life\u201d and understand what skills are needed so when they return to school, they focus on develop these skills for their career. By having an internship in the summer, students can get working experiences so when graduate they have better chance to find job.<\/p>\n

Many college students start school with a \u201cDream job\u201d in mind. Some are unrealistic but by having internship in the summer, they learn more about the job market then change their focus to more realistic fields of study for their career. I often advice first year students to write down a list of their own interests, then meet with school’s counselor to find out what types of internships are available in those areas. As they learn more about their career options, they can make appropriate realistic adjustments. Few years ago, a student told me that his goal is to be a movie star as he like acting and wanted to work in the movie industry. In the summer he found a job in the movies industry, not as an actor but a janitor, cleaning and sweeping movie set but it also allowed him to learn more about the movie industry. After that summer, he changed his field of study from drama to Computer Science and eventually gets a good job at Microsoft, when his friends who graduated in Drama were still unemployed. A famous actor once said: \u201cFor every million students in drama, only ten get an acting job; but for every million acting people, only one becomes famous movies star.\u201d However, many students are still dreaming to become movie stars or fashion models without knowing that it is an unrealistic dream.<\/p>\n

Today college graduates\u2019 resume often contain a list of courses that they took in school but no work experience. That is why many have difficulty finding work even they are qualified because there are others with the same qualification but they have work experience. By having at least one internship can help them gain experience while still in school and it gives them something to put on their resume. An internship is similar to a real job as students learn how to work in the industry. Students may receive a little money or even no money at all, but internship is about \u201con-the-job training\u201d where students have the opportunity to practice and apply what they are learned in the classroom to develop skills.<\/p>\n

In fact, internship is never about making money but about making connections to prepare for your career. Not only you know someone in the company who may hire you later but also knowing several people who can offer better advices for your career. An internship is a great place to apply what you know and develop real skills. If you do well, your company may be willing to write you a recommendation letter and introduce you to other people in the industry. Furthermore, your friends in the company could be your mentors and useful source of information for your career. If you do well in internship, it is likely that you will find a job at the same company after graduation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khi d\u1ea1y \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3v vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00ec … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3525"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3526,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3525\/revisions\/3526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}