{"id":3408,"date":"2013-07-21T22:00:25","date_gmt":"2013-07-21T15:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3408"},"modified":"2013-10-31T10:14:49","modified_gmt":"2013-10-31T03:14:49","slug":"tinh-toan-may-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3408","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cB\u1ea1n t\u00f4i g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec. T\u00f4i l\u00e0 d\u00e2n kinh doanh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u00e2n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. T\u00f4i c\u1ea7n c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.\u201d \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn chuy\u1ec3n giao s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1edfi kinh doanh. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a trong kinh doanh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG b\u1eadn t\u00e2m v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT hay c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c kinh doanh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i mua ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec n\u00f3 cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ee5. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra, b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p; c\u1ee9 sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng n\u1eefa. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong ch\u00fang l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu ch\u1ea3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hay ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i chi th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd n\u1eefa. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, h\u1ecd b\u1ecf \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho h\u1ecd l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. M\u1ecdi n\u0103m, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i mua nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, gia h\u1ea1n ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v.v. \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi ph\u00ed l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u00e0 sao l\u00e3ng l\u1edbn kh\u1ecfi kinh doanh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ti, b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i chi nhi\u1ec1u cho c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 KH\u00d4NG li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi kinh doanh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m sao l\u00e3ng b\u1ea1n kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kinh doanh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p mang t\u00ean T\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e1y t\u00ednh: Thay v\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ti v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Web m\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eeb e-mail t\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00ed v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, t\u1eeb thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c giao t\u00e1c cho t\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng hay ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m; b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT hay \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd. B\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i lo ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 gia h\u1ea1n ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. B\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i lo v\u1ec1 mua, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n thay v\u00ec “mua” b\u1ea1n “thu\u00ea” m\u1ecdi nhu c\u1ea7u CNTT t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ti d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c CNTT to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thu\u00ea thay v\u00ec mua, h\u1ecd h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o kinh doanh l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111o t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thay v\u00ec chi ti\u00eau th\u00eam v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ti d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u duy nh\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi Internet d\u00f9ng tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t Web \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. \u1ede M\u0129 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: Amazon; Google, Microsoft, IBM, Dell, VMware v.v. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00ean m\u00e2y, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111i t\u1eeb 20% t\u1edbi 45% v\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y. Khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o m\u00e2y, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec7n, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y th\u00f4i. B\u1ea1n g\u1eedi cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t email h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 Gmail \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y r\u1ed3i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n e-mail v\u1edbi Hotmail c\u1ee7a Microsoft, hay Gmail c\u1ee7a Google, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y v\u00ec b\u1ea1n truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o email c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n qua Internet v\u00ec email c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (trong m\u00e2y) c\u1ee7a Google.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—English version—<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cloud computing<\/p>\n

A business owner wrote to me: \u201cMy friend suggested that I use Cloud Computing service for my company but I do not know what it is. I am a business person, not a computer person. I need some simple answer on why do I need Cloud Computing? Please advice.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Answer: In this information age, every organization is facing challenges to be flexible to response to rapidly changing technology but still deliver quality products and services as required by the business. Unless your organization is in Information Technology (IT) business, you should NOT be bothered with maintaining an IT systems or updating software when there are other important businesses that you need to focus on.<\/p>\n

You are the owner of a large company, your goal is to increase revenues, reduce costs, and maximize profits. To achieve that, you apply information technology to automate your processes to increase effectiveness and efficiency of your workers. However, by having an IT system in house, you have to buy software and software licenses for your system and hiring IT workers to maintain it so there is an addition costs. Whenever new software is released, you have to upgrade; every few years you also have to upgrade hardware too. You do not know what to do with the old hardware as some of them are obsolete with no market value. With new software or hardware, your workers need new trainings so you have to spend more to keep their skills current. Your IT workers also need additional trainings to maintain the system, so you have to spend for their trainings too. Sometime after training, they left for better jobs in another company then you have to hire new ones and pay for their trainings again. Every year, you have to buy more software, renew software license, upgrade hardware, provide trainings etc. Suddenly information system has become a significant costs and a major distraction from your main business. As the company owner, you wonder why do you have to spend more on something NOT relate to your business? Why do you have to worry on something that distracts you from running your business?<\/p>\n

There is a solution called Cloud Computing and today it is changing the entire computer industry: Instead of having a system in house with hardware and software, you can have your workers access to a Web-based service which maintains all the programs they need to do their job, from e-mail to word processing, from collecting transactions to analyzing data for business intelligence. You do NOT have to worry about hardware or software upgrade; you do NOT have to worry about hiring IT workers or training them. You do NOT have to worry about software license renewal. You do NOT have to worry about buying, maintaining an information systems. Basically instead of \u201cbuying\u201d you are \u201crenting\u201d all IT needs from a cloud computing service company.<\/p>\n

Today most successful organizations have embraced cloud computing as a comprehensive IT strategy. By renting instead of buying, they focus more on their core business and measure their efficiency, flexibility, and profits rather than spending extra on something that is not their competency. In a cloud computing system, almost everything is handled by the Cloud Computing Service Company. The only thing user needs is to connect their computers to the Internet using simple Web browser and the cloud’s network service will handle everything. In the U.S. the biggest Cloud Computing Services Companies are: Amazon; Google, Microsoft, IBM, Dell, VMware etc. Most large companies already moved things to the cloud, including many government offices. The results are excellent with significant cost saving as many companies claimed that they have reduced costs by 20% to 45% with Cloud Computing. As more companies are moving into the cloud, they are also changing the way they use information technology and software is fast becoming a major service.<\/p>\n

By the way, I think you already use cloud computing that you may not even aware of. You send me an email asking this question and your email address is a Gmail which means you are using cloud computing already. If you have an e-mail account with Microsoft\u2019s Hotmail, or Google\u2019s Gmail, then you already use cloud computing service since you access your e-mail account via the Internet as your email is stored on the service computer system (in the cloud) of Google.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cB\u1ea1n t\u00f4i g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3,36,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau","category-quan-li-he-thong-tin","category-social-media-mobility-big-data-analytics-and-cloud-computing","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3408"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3410,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408\/revisions\/3410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}