{"id":3335,"date":"2013-07-10T23:18:09","date_gmt":"2013-07-10T16:18:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3335"},"modified":"2013-07-10T23:18:09","modified_gmt":"2013-07-10T16:18:09","slug":"khung-hoang-toan-cau-moi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3335","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t cho m\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thanh ni\u00ean t\u1eeb 15 t\u1edbi 30 tu\u1ed5i. Theo m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi, thanh ni\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao g\u1ea5p ba t\u1edbi b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n cho m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, tr\u00ean 75 tri\u1ec7u thanh ni\u00ean tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111i t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. V\u1eady m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn c\u0169ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean qu\u00e3ng 210 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong n\u0103m 2012 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa. V\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 300 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, thanh ni\u00ean \u0111ang ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f2i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng. Hi L\u1ea1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, v\u00e0 Italy \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi qu\u00e3ng 59% s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p thanh ni\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111ang lan r\u1ed9ng sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u1edf m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng, v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111ang trong kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eebng mua s\u1eafm, khi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Khi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c suy gi\u1ea3m, nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111ang lan r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2n bang v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Ph\u1ed1 Wall d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o: \u201cTrong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy s\u1ee5p kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng trong thanh ni\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e0nh cho qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1eef d\u1ed9i.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c cho th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng. Kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean 67% c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd thu\u00ea b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai, t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111i kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 thu\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y 20% \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n.\u201d Khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y?”<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Theo kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m k\u00ec c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM) v\u00e0o l\u00fac m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n. (Hi L\u1ea1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 Italy ph\u1ea3i vay ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p ch\u00e2u \u00c2u). Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0o l\u00fac h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eafng c\u1eed. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u00ec c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thanh ni\u00ean ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. Theo kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, thanh ni\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201cT\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u1edbi Internet, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c websites \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 r\u1ed3i \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c websites d\u1ea1y b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. C\u00f3 C\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn m\u1edf cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang (MOOC), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u01a1i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n g\u00ec. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 \u1edf h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: Bao nhi\u00eau thanh ni\u00ean bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y? Bao nhi\u00eau thanh ni\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3? Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i? Bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang d\u00f9ng Internet \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd? V\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 cho gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 ph\u00ed ho\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c website n\u1ed9i dung x\u1ea5u?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The new global crisis<\/p>\n

Today the number one problem for every government is unemployment, especially among young people from 15 to 30 year-old. According to a new study, young people are three to four time likely to be unemployed for a long time. At this time, over 75 million young people worldwide are looking for a job. Yet at the same time, there are many adults who also lost their jobs as the result of the financial crisis and the impact of globalization. The study found that unemployment has increased to about 210 million people worldwide in 2012 and could continue in the next few years. With nearly 300 million unemployed people needing jobs, many countries are getting desperate with no near-term solution.<\/p>\n

Currently, all over Europe and the Middle East, young people are protesting demand better living and several governments are in a crisis. Greece, Spain, Portugal, and Italy already reached about 59% of youth unemployment and it is spreading to other countries. Even countries like India and China, who escaped the financial crisis few years ago, begin to see their economies are heading toward higher unemployment. With globalization, an event in one place will impact neighbor countries, and soon spread to the whole world. As European countries are in a crisis, people stop buying, as businesses stand still, imports are restricted which impacts exports from other countries. When exports, the factor of economic growth in China decreases, many factories shut down and workers lose their jobs. This phenomenon is spreading rapidly to nearby countries and impacts everything. One Wall Street analyst predicts: \u201cIn this connected world, no country could escape this economic downturn. There is a sense of desperation among young people everywhere as their generation will never be able to live like their parents. There will be much fewer jobs for too many people and competition for jobs will get fierce.\u201d<\/p>\n

Despite high unemployment everywhere, several industries continue to have a shortage of skilled workers. The study found over 67% of technology companies could not find enough workers. A software owner told the newspapers: \u201cWe would hire anybody, from anywhere who has the skills that we need. We send our managers all over the world to find skilled workers but only hire less than 20% of what we need.\u201d As countries struggle to create jobs for their people, the question is why do leaders NOT doing something about this need?<\/p>\n

The question maybe simple but the answer is not. According to the study, many government leaders do not understand the full impact of globalization to deal with it. Many only react when things happen but not proactively plan for the future, as their terms in government is limited but the solution requires much longer time. For example, to solve this problem, they must invest in education, especially in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) fields at the time when they do not have money. (Greece, Spain, Portugal, and Italy have to borrow money from the European Union). Another factor is to improve education, they must start with qualified teachers, which requires many years of training at the time where they want a quick solution to win elections. Many make promises but knowing that they will not be able to solve this global crisis during their terms.<\/p>\n

So it is really depending on the young people to make their own decision on how to survive this global disaster. According to the study, young people, especially college students, must understand that either they acquire the skills that they need to get good jobs or remain unemployed. The author concluded: \u201cTheir future depends on their own initiative. With the Internet, they can access websites to follow technology trends then go to tutorial websites to learn new skills. There are Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), provided by top universities, that provide trainings to anyone who want to learn without paying anything. It is up to them to determine their future in this competitive world.\u201d<\/p>\n

The questions are: How many young people know about this? How many young people are doing that? How many even know that these opportunities exist? How many are using the Internet to learn and prepare for their future? And how many are using it for their own entertainments and wasting times in computer games and bad-content websites?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t cho m\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c thanh ni\u00ean t\u1eeb 15 t\u1edbi 30 tu\u1ed5i. Theo … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3335"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3335\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3337,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3335\/revisions\/3337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}