{"id":3246,"date":"2013-07-08T22:53:19","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T15:53:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3246"},"modified":"2013-07-08T22:53:19","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T15:53:19","slug":"nguoi-ki-su-phan-mem-gioi-nhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3246","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: L\u00e0m sao anh bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung b\u00ecnh? Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh th\u00edch vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, h\u1ecd d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ng\u1ed3i l\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 sinh ra h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1ng m\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda ch\u00fang l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c \u201cvi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1eeda\u201d n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ph\u00ed ho\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i. M\u00e3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft t\u1eebng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u, v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.\u00a0 L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 hai ki\u1ec3u k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y, khi t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd \u201cT\u00f4i c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u\u201d r\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u, ai \u0111\u00f3 t\u1edbi v\u00e0 cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra b\u1edfi t\u1ed5 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i \u201cT\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd xong v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u hay \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 hai\u201d v\u1eady th\u00ec v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i.\u00a0 V\u00ec sao? B\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ed1t bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1ebd cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t hay kh\u00f4ng trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh th\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3 sau.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ngh\u0129 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn n\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn logic v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, h\u00ecnh dung ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00ec, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh dung m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3 trong bao l\u00e2u, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec m\u1ea5y r\u1ed3i s\u1eeda n\u00f3 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Ki\u1ec3u “vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1eeda” r\u1ed3i “s\u1eeda r\u1ed3i vi\u1ebft m\u00e3” n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng s\u1eeda n\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i v\u00e0o trong gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng chia s\u1ebb m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc l\u1eabn nhau. H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb, h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho n\u00ean khi h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng cho n\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i sai l\u1ea7m. H\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2m ni\u00ean b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft theo b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi trong \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 gi\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u anh h\u00f9ng chung cu\u1ed9c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 anh h\u00f9ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3 b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1eabn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, ch\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ai ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u00e0o trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp b\u1edfi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng gi\u1eef k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eafp \u01b0u ti\u00ean ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n sang ng\u00e0y sau. H\u1ecd gi\u1eef d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ch\u00e8o l\u00e1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c mong \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 xa tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Khi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u00fang m\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng cho h\u1ecd vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u00ecnh dung n\u00f3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0m sao ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u00f3 b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y, t\u1eebng tu\u1ea7n, t\u1eebng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n th\u00eam. H\u1ecd h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi theo c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n m\u1edbi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed cho ph\u00e9p tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u00eam cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i m\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u201c\u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d. H\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho n\u00ean sau v\u00e0i n\u0103m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd s\u1ebd lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef c\u00f9ng nh\u1ecbp v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y nay nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u201ck\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t\u201d. L\u00ed do th\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: ng\u00e0y nay r\u1ea5t \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. K\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 qua email, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp SCRUM, chia s\u1ebb \u201cTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t: trong ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c trao \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho m\u1ecdi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. K\u0129 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng \u0111i xa h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o trao \u0111\u1ed5i, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti, thu h\u00fat kinh doanh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, cho h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c v.v..<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u1edf trong kinh doanh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong h\u01a1n 35 n\u0103m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 trung b\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tin m\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, chia s\u1ebb, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng h\u00ecnh dung. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t\u201d, v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u1edf n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 qua th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lo ngh\u0129 b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean, b\u1ea1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111i l\u00f9i b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111i nhanh l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111am m\u00ea, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hay kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Thi\u1ebfu \u0111am m\u00ea l\u00e0 l\u00ed do s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t cho n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u1ecfi trong \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00ed do s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\u00a0 B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The best software engineer<\/p>\n

My friend asked me: How do you know a best software engineer from an average one? Following is my personal opinion:<\/p>\n

The best software engineer is very careful when writing code by focusing on the quality not the quantity. The average software engineers like to code, they seem to stay in front of the computer most of the time to generate a lot of code but their programs may or may not work so they have to fix them over and over. This \u201ccode and fix\u201d wastes lot of efforts and never achieve the quality as expected by the customers. Good code is done by software engineers that are disciplined, they know how long each problem should take, and carefully planning their approaches to make sure that they complete their task accordingly.\u00a0 As a manager, I have seen both types of software engineer, when I told them \u201cI need this task completed by Friday\u201d then by Friday, someone come and let me know that they have tested their code and it is ready for integration testing. With these people I can feel that there will be very little, if any, defects found by the testing team. However, there are people that told me \u201cI am still coding but it will be done late Friday or early Monday\u201d then with them, I can be sure that they may have skipped some tests to meet the dateline and most of the time their codes are full of defects.\u00a0 Why? Because a good software engineer know how long it takes and plan the work carefully and will let me know whether they can make the dateline or not when an average software engineer would rather code first then ask question later.<\/p>\n

For every problem there are many ways to solve it but the best software engineer would try to understand the problem first before doing anything. By having understood the problem, he will be carefully thinking on how to solve it and discuss it with their team on the best solution. He knows that there are many options and what he proposes may not be the best so he is seeking advises from others and come up with a logical and better approach. By look at the problem, figure out what the outcome needs to be, he will figure how much time he need to solve it, and what kind of quality being expected before he even starts to work on the solution. On the contrary, average software engineers would immediately start to code first without much thinking then fixing it if it does not meet the requirements. This type of \u201ccode and fix \u201cthen \u201cfix then code\u201d will never create quality software because the more they fix, the more defects they will injected into the solution.<\/p>\n

Best software engineers always share things with the team and learn from each others. They know that by sharing, they learn more so when they learn new things, new technologies they will discuss with the team about what works and what do not work so people can avoid making mistakes. They are better by making other better .They always seek advises from senior people because these people have experiences, been through many projects and know by instinct to make the right decision. Average software engineers may be very good in what they do but they like to be a hero, to be recognized by others so they do not like to share and keep information to themselves, in this case they are losing their value because software work is teamwork and a team that have too many heroes eventually will have no hero at all because everybody will fail. Even if they are good and could finish their works on time but if the team did not then the project still fail. When a project fail, it does not matter who is finishing the work first and who can do good work it is a team\u2019s failure because the overall goal can not be achieved.<\/p>\n

One of the skills that can bring everything in the project together is organization skill. Average software engineers are very good in technical but if they are not organized, they will not be able to get things done and eventually will be overwhelmed by the project pressure. Best software engineers always keep a project plan with detailed daily tasks and are able to prioritize them accordingly. They know their daily outlook of meetings and tasks and keep up to date everything that they must achieve on that day so things will not get postponed into the next day. They keep track of all their works and can instantly pull up projects, meeting reports, and other details when asked. By getting things done each day they know their schedules and expectations and be able to adjust them to meet project\u2019s goals. On the contrary, average software engineers do not think far ahead but only work according to what the manager tell them and what the schedule dictated each day. When things change, they do not know what to prioritize and have no plan to accomplish them but rely on the project manager to assign them works accordingly. Best software engineers not only thinking about the project goals, but also visualizes it and understands how to accomplish it because they can see exactly what they must be doing each day, each week, each month to meet the expectation.<\/p>\n

Best software engineers will constantly improving their skills. They always seeking new knowledge and usually do not wait for managers to ask them to take additional training. They learn new things on their own because they want to be the best. They find new training classes that they want to go and ask managers for permission to attend so they can learn some thing new and contribute more to the organization. Average software engineers do not like to learn new things much because they believe that they already graduated from universities, have degrees and know \u201cenough to do their jobs\u201d. They are content of what they know but they do not understand the fact that technology always changes so after few working years they will worry about their career because they may not have the skills that the company need and may not be able to keep the jobs. Software is a very dynamic field and if people do not keep up with the technology change, they may be eliminated.<\/p>\n

There are many average software engineers in the industry today but there are very few \u201cbest software engineers\u201d. The reason is simple: today very few schools would teach communication and teamwork in the software engineer program. Average software engineers may be good in technical but poorly in communication and teamwork. They do not know how to discuss things over emails, participate in SCRUM meetings, share \u201cBest practices: in a technical reviews, present to the customer about a technical solution and promote hundreds people about the software product in a marketing campaign. The ability to communicate clearly and effectively is very critical to all software engineers. The better your communication skill, the farther you will go because best software engineers spend most of the time in communication, explaining the company\u2019s goal, solicit customer\u2019s business, solving problems, giving directions, motivating other workers etc.<\/p>\n

Of course some of you may think that I am so idealistic about software engineering but I have been in this software business for over 35 years and have seen a lot of good software engineers as well as average engineers. I can confidently stated that the better you can improve your software skill, make yourself proactive in learning, sharing, improving then the better chance you will become one of the best software engineer that you have ever imagined. If you choose to think of yourself as \u201cgood enough\u201d, and have nothing more to learn, you will always staying where you are then over time, you will start to worry because if you are not moving forward, you are not even standing still but actually you are moving backward because the world is moving fast forward.<\/p>\n

As a software engineer and a professor, my last advice to you is you must have passion on what you do. Without passion, you will not be a great software engineer, or great at anything. Lack of passion is the number one reason so many software engineer never become good for what they do and it is also the number one reason many people do not succeed in their career.\u00a0 By follow these advises, you may get the position you want, improve what you have been waiting for, and you will be happier with your career because the software industry always demand the best engineer and it is great to know that you are one of them.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: L\u00e0m sao anh bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung b\u00ecnh? Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-va-dap","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3246"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3246\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3247,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3246\/revisions\/3247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}