{"id":3232,"date":"2013-07-08T22:43:10","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T15:43:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3232"},"modified":"2013-07-08T22:44:28","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T15:44:28","slug":"tac-dong-toan-dien-cua-dua-viec-lam-ra-nuoc-ngoai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3232","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">&#8220;T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m CNTT ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u00ean n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT &#8220;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin M\u0129, ITAA]<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chi ti\u00eau cho t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 pha tr\u1ed9n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n 26%, t\u0103ng t\u1eeb x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 $10 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m 2003 t\u1edbi $31 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m 2008. Trong c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y, t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb $6.7 t\u1ec9 t\u1edbi $20.9 t\u1ec9. S\u1ed1 ti\u00ean chi ti\u00eau \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho 2.3% v\u00e0 6.2% c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng chi ti\u00eau ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti M\u0129 trong n\u0103m 2003 v\u00e0 2008, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u00e3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cdch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho T\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c \u1edf M\u0129, th\u00eam $33.6 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la trong n\u0103m 2003. N\u0103m 2008, GDP th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e0 $124.2 t\u1ec9 cao h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m CNTT n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m v\u00e0 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li>Trong khi vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT th\u1ea3i ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u1edf M\u0129 t\u0103ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0 g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng \u00edch l\u1ee3i qua n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111i theo vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i CNTT cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean 90,000 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2003 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1ea1o ra 317,000 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2008.<\/li>\n<li>Trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1ea1o ra 516,000 vi\u1ec7c trong n\u0103m n\u0103m trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 490,000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Trong s\u1ed1 516,000 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi, 272,000 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0a ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, trong khi 244,000 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1eady, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng CNTT M\u0129 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f9ng ngu\u1ed3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1edbi bao g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, b\u00e1n bu\u00f4n, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n M\u0129. V\u1edbi l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cao h\u01a1n 0.13% trong n\u0103m 2003 v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n 0.44% trong n\u0103m 2008.<\/li>\n<li>Nhu c\u1ea7u cho xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a M\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean do gi\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u0129 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp cao h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00edch kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 $2.3 t\u1ec9 cao h\u01a1n n\u0103m 2003 v\u00e0 $9 t\u1ec9 cao h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc 2008.<\/li>\n<li>M\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 l\u1edbn lao trong d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i trong kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;English version&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Comprehensive Impact of Offshore<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The Comprehensive Impact of Offshore IT Software and Services Outsourcing on the U.S. Economy and the IT Industry&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>[A study sponsored by the Information Technology Association of America, ITAA]<\/p>\n<p>Highlights<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Spending for global sourcing of computer software and services is expected to grow at a compound annual rate of almost 26%, increasing from approximately $10 billion in 2003 to $31 billion in 2008. During the same time period, total savings from the use of offshore resources are estimated to grow from $6.7 billion to $20.9 billion. The estimated spending amounts represent 2.3% and 6.2% of total IT software and services spending by U.S. corporations in 2003 and 2008, respectively.<\/li>\n<li>The cost savings and use of offshore resources lower inflation, increase productivity, and lower interest rates. This boosts business and consumer spending and increases economic activity.<\/li>\n<li>The benefits of global sourcing contribute significantly to real Gross Domestic Product in the United States, adding $33.6 billion in 2003. In 2008, real GDP is expected to be $124.2 billion higher than it would be in an environment in which offshore IT software and services outsourcing does not occur.<\/li>\n<li>While global IT software and service outsourcing displaces some IT workers, total employment in the United States increases as the benefits ripple through the economy. The incremental economic activity that follows offshore IT outsourcing created over 90,000 net new jobs as of 2003 and is expected to create 317,000 net new jobs by 2008.<\/li>\n<li>In the software and services area, the economy is expected to create 516,000 jobs over the next five years in an environment with global sourcing but only 490,000 without it. Of these 516,000 new jobs, 272,000 are expected to go offshore, while 244,000 are expected to remain onshore. Thus, the U.S. IT workforce will continue to grow.<\/li>\n<li>The impact of global sourcing on employment varies by industry sector. The major industry groups that are expected to gain a significant number of incremental jobs over the next five years include education and health services, transportation and utilities, construction, wholesale trade, financial services, professional and business services, and manufacturing.<\/li>\n<li>Workers are expected to enjoy a bump up in real wages. Offshore IT software and services outsourcing actually increases average real wages of U.S. workers. With lower inflation and higher productivity, real wages were 0.13% higher in 2003 and 0.44% higher in 2008.<\/li>\n<li>Demand for U.S. exports is expected to increase due to relatively lower prices of U.S. produced goods and services and higher incomes in the offshore outsourcing destinations. Real exports were $2.3 billion higher in 2003 and $9 billion higher by 2008.<\/li>\n<li>The U.S. has a large and rapidly growing trade surplus in services. The expected increase in offshore IT software and services outsourcing will not reverse this trend.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m CNTT ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u00ean n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u0129 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3232"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3234,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3232\/revisions\/3234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}