{"id":3201,"date":"2013-07-08T21:17:10","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T14:17:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3201"},"modified":"2013-07-08T21:17:10","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T14:17:10","slug":"ki-nang-ki-nghe-phan-mem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3201","title":{"rendered":"K\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u0169, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y lo ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c khi h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0ng theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u1ed1t. Li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng \u1edf n\u0103m ngh\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cho n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo ngh\u0129. Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4ng \u1ea5y b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u1ea1y Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho \u00f4ng \u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u00ec nhanh. C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9 sau v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi m\u1ecdi l\u00fac.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng \u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean: “B\u00e2y gi\u1edd sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi n\u00e0o v\u1eady?\u201d T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c\u00a0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi nh\u01b0 an ninh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111o v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111o, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ebfu sinh vi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u0169ng b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng do suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf; ph\u1ee5 huynh r\u1ea5t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho con em m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng con \u00a0h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edch cho con em h\u1ecd. \u1ede M\u0129, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n xin h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n l\u1ef1a th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m \u0111i. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc trong b\u00e1o ch\u00ed r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft b\u1ecf, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4i vi\u1ec7c. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra khi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi\u00a0 ph\u00ed do ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m. B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i r\u00fat ra cu\u1ed1n s\u1ed5 tay ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Carnegie Mellon.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, n\u0103m 2007, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\u00a0 n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi b\u1ea3ng h\u1ecfi t\u1edbi tr\u00ean 800 c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf M\u0129, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Australia, v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi 15 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, SAP v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i:<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u0103m\u00a0 2009 t\u1edbi 2019:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Agile (nh\u01b0 SCRUM, L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v.v.).<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anh ninh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E-business, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t B2B (doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p)<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (Saas)<\/p>\n

6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SOA (Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5)<\/p>\n

7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 EA (Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac doanh nghi\u1ec7p)<\/p>\n

8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (BPR ) T\u00e1i k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 qui tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5<\/p>\n

9)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Khai ph\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (data mining) v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng minh doanh nghi\u1ec7p (BI);<\/p>\n

10) \u00a0\u00a0Nh\u00e0 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/p>\n

11) \u00a0\u00a0SCM (Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n cung c\u1ea5p)<\/p>\n

12) \u00a0\u00a0ERP (l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng ti)<\/p>\n

13) \u00a0\u00a0CRM (Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng)<\/p>\n

14) \u00a0\u00a0RUP (Qui tr\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00ed – Rational Unified Process)<\/p>\n

15) \u00a0\u00a0UML (ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t – unified modeling language)<\/p>\n

16) \u00a0\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0 h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n

17) \u00a0\u00a0OLAP (X\u1eed\u00a0 l\u00ed ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn On-line analytical processing)<\/p>\n

18) \u00a0\u00a0GUI (Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1 – Graphical user interface)<\/p>\n

19) \u00a0\u00a0QFD (Tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng – Quality function deployment)<\/p>\n

20) \u00a0\u00a0RAD (Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhanh – Rapid application development)<\/p>\n

21) \u00a0\u00a0\u1ea2o ho\u00e1<\/p>\n

22) \u00a0\u00a0T\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y<\/p>\n

23) \u00a0\u00a0T\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n cung c\u1ea5p Supply-chain integration<\/p>\n

24) \u00a0\u00a0E-Government ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/p>\n

25) \u00a0\u00a0Doanh nghi\u1ec7p & Canh t\u00e2n<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i xem l\u1ea1i s\u1ed5 ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi: \u201cNhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi. L\u00e0m sao gi\u00e1o\u00a0 s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y? L\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y?<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi hay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi. Do s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t cho m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. L\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Carnegie Mellon, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 seminar, l\u1edbp t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd: “\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u00ec sao, l\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh? C\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?”<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ri\u00eang. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c seminar, t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 m\u1ecdi nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi. Trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh tranh cao, khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i \u0111i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—–English\u00a0 ——<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Software Engineering skills<\/p>\n

An old friend, also a Computer Science professor asked me about the impact of the global financial crisis to the software industry. He is worrying that his students may not be able to get jobs when they graduated. I told him that I think the current crisis will have significant impact to the software industry but to the better because it will eliminate inefficient companies and create many opportunities for well managed companies. Regarding employment, software engineering jobs is still rated on the top five in global demand so he should not have to worry. Assume that his students have the skills that match the demands of the industry.<\/p>\n

He told me that he has been teaching Computer Science for many years based on the same curriculum and he did not know anything about software industry needs. I explained to him that the rate of change of software technology is extremely fast. New programming languages are created every year with new tools appear every few month. This fast rate of technology change means that software people are faced with a continuing need to learn new skills all the time.<\/p>\n

He seemed surprised:\u201d What are the new skills that my students need to know now?\u201d I told him that there were number of topics that current education had not even mention such as software security, quality control, measurements and metrics, software architecture, software methods, and technology evaluation and transfer. These gaps need to be quickly filled if students want to work in global companies as professional software engineers.<\/p>\n

I also told him that due to the economic recession; parents are very selective on the investments in education for their children. They want to make sure that their children will have jobs when they graduated so they carefully review what university has to offer and what programs would benefit their children. In the U.S, applications to admission in top universities had increased significantly in the past few years but many state schools encountered lower enrollment. As the financial crisis began to impact government, budgets were reduced. I have read in newspapers that many classes in state university were cancelled, and some professors were laid off. These things are happening as schools begin to cut costs due to state budget cuts. My friend took out his note and asked me about topics that software students need to learn so I shared with him about my research in global trends at CarnegieMellonUniversity.<\/p>\n

Lat year in 2007, I conducted a survey to determine the needs in software industry. For this research, I sent out questionnaires to over 800 software companies in U.S, Europe, Australia, and Asia. I also visited 15 companies that have important roles in software industry such IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, SAP and interview their managers to determine their current and future needs. Following is the results of my research:<\/p>\n

Topics Software Engineers need to learn between 2009 to 2019:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Agile method (i.e. SCRUM, Extreme Programming etc.).<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Automated Testing<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Computer Security<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E-business, especially B2B (business to business)<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Software as a Service (Saas)<\/p>\n

6)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture)<\/p>\n

7)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 EA (Enterprise Architecture)<\/p>\n

8)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (BPR )Business Process Reengineering<\/p>\n

9)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Data mining and Business Intelligence;<\/p>\n

10) Data warehouses<\/p>\n

11) SCM (Supply Chain Management)<\/p>\n

12) ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)<\/p>\n

13) CRM (Customer Resource Management)<\/p>\n

14) RUP (Rational Unified Process)<\/p>\n

15) UML (unified modeling language)<\/p>\n

16) Use Cases<\/p>\n

17) OLAP (On-line analytical processing)<\/p>\n

18) GUI (Graphical user interface)<\/p>\n

19) QFD (Quality function deployment)<\/p>\n

20) RAD (Rapid application development)<\/p>\n

21) Virtualization<\/p>\n

22) Cloud computing<\/p>\n

23) Supply-chain integration<\/p>\n

24) E-Government<\/p>\n

25) Entrepreneurship & Innovation<\/p>\n

My friend reviewed his note and asked: \u201cMany topics are relatively new. How can university professors stay current with these latest technologies? How can they learn these new concepts well enough to be effective in their teachings?<\/p>\n

I told him that technology knowledge is not something you learn only once but must continue to learn all your life or be a lifelong learner. Due to the fast changing in technology area, knowledge has become an essential requirement to all professionals. As professor at CarnegieMellonUniversity, I have to attend number of seminars, workshops every year to keep current with technology changes. I have to conduct research and published papers every year in certain topics and have knowledge on some technological fields. We have to stay current so our students can stay current.<\/p>\n

My friend agreed:\u201d That is good for professors because that is their jobs but what\u2019s about software engineers and managers, how can they keep their knowledge current? There are so many things to learn and most people have limited amount of time that can be spent?<\/p>\n

I told him that not every new topic is appropriate for every project. It is important for software engineers and managers to know enough about each topic so they can select the appropriate one for specific projects. In the fast changing time, they need to update their skills by attending short course training like special seminars, workshops so they can make the right decision. That is why I think every software professional must also be lifelong learners. In the highly competitive global market, as inefficient companies are being eliminated, people with obsolete skills will also find it difficult to maintain their position.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u0169, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3201"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3202,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3201\/revisions\/3202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}