{"id":3091,"date":"2013-07-08T15:53:10","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T08:53:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3091"},"modified":"2013-07-08T15:53:10","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T08:53:10","slug":"xu-huong-moi-noi-len","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3091","title":{"rendered":"Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. \u00a0Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh 24 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 7 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. Ng\u00e0y nay tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c then ch\u1ed1t b\u1edfi v\u00ec theo lu\u1eadt Moore: &#8220;N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i c\u1ee9 sau hai n\u0103m, tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee9 sau b\u1ea9y n\u0103m.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ch\u00ednh cho kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 nhanh h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ecdi n\u0103m. S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1edbi v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua v\u00e0 h\u1ecd r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng trong vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 th\u0103ng gi\u00e1ng qua v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua. Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong tuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a PC v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 80 v\u00e0 internet v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 90 nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a do s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ng\u00e0y nay. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi. H\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sang d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m\u00a0nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\u00a0&#8211; Software as a Service&#8221; (SaaS) &#8211; M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n giao \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 cho thu\u00ea v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qua Internet. \u00a0Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e0 thay v\u00ec th\u1ebf tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng n\u00f3. H\u1ecd d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 qua m\u1ed9t API truy nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua Web v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 web.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n\u00a0m\u1ec1m \u00a0Agile &#8211; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, mau l\u1eb9 h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i s\u1edbm v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m\u00a0m\u1edf &#8211;\u00a0Open Source &#8211; l\u00e0 t\u1eadp c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ed9i dung ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qua n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n gia t\u0103ng hay qua c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00ed. \u00a0Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp.<\/li>\n<li>Khai ph\u00e1 d\u1eef\u00a0li\u1ec7u, T\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 Trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p &#8211;\u00a0Data Mining, Data Integration and Business Intelligence \u00a0&#8211; C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong 10 n\u0103m t\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, n\u1eafm b\u1eaft, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea1o ra si\u00eau d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, thao t\u00e1c, g\u00f3i v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u &#8220;n\u1ec1n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p&#8221; c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed9p c\u00e1c &#8220;xi l\u00f4 th\u00f4ng tin&#8221; v\u00e0o trong c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng. \u00a0Trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, m\u1ecdi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (nh\u01b0: giao t\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, giao t\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kho) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u01b0u th\u1ebf kinh doanh.&#8221;\n<p>Nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n CNTT c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u1ee1 5 t\u1edbi 10 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020. \u00a0&#8220;D\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u (d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 gi\u00e0 \u0111i, s\u00fat gi\u1ea3m t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 sinh) \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00a0Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ed5 l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111ang b\u1ecb kh\u1eed b\u1ecf hay gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt. \u00a0Vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p l\u00e0m sinh ra th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p cao \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong khi thi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao t\u1ea1o ra thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p nhu c\u1ea7u l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111ang d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u00e1n s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng &#8211; Commercial Off The Shelf &#8211; COTS v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i cho nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3\n<ul>\n<li>c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li>b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/li>\n<li>h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o &#8220;n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00f5i&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/li>\n<li>duy tr\u00ec v\u1ecb th\u1ebf trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1)<\/li>\n<li>h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n sang COTS &amp; kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i KH\u00d4NG ng\u1ee5 \u00fd \u00edt nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nh\u01b0ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh sang c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u kinh doanh m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t:<br \/>\n1. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p<br \/>\n2. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0K\u0129 s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<br \/>\n3. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0K\u0129 s\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<br \/>\n4. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<br \/>\n5. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p<br \/>\n6. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean khai ph\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \/Trinh s\u00e1t doanh nghi\u1ec7p<br \/>\n7. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an ninh m\u1ea1ng<br \/>\n8. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Chuy\u00ean gia t\u00edch h\u1ee3p qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn<br \/>\n9. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<br \/>\n10. \u00a0 \u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i<br \/>\n11. \u00a0 \u00a0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<br \/>\n12. \u00a0 \u00a0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<br \/>\n13. \u00a0 \u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec k\u0129 n\u0103ng M\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00f5i), v\u1edbi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o t\u00edch h\u1ee3p qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti s\u1ebd kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u00e9m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t.&#8221; C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;D\u00f5i v\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u00e0n l\u00e2m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n. \u00a0C\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, l\u1ea5y m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.&#8221; \u00a0&#8220;\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u00e0n l\u00e2m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n. Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed then ch\u1ed1t.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tin b\u00ean trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed quay v\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li>h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>\u0111o \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<li>h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p (ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chi ph\u00ed, th\u1eddi gian)&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8220;L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao.&#8221; C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i &#8220;\u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;-English version&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The emerging trends<\/p>\n<p>The technological world is changing very fast, including the required mobility and technical skills to support these changes. \u00a0Most global companies are now operating 24 hours a day and 7 days per week. Today knowledge has become a key strategy because of Moore&#8217;s law: &#8220;Computing power doubles every two years, technical knowledge changes every seven years&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Software is a major contributing to the global economy, it has been applied in various ways to achieve many business goals such as faster, better and cheaper with million of jobs being created every year. The number of people supporting software development has increased from several thousands to several millions in the past twenty years and they are dispersed across all economic sectors.<\/p>\n<p>Trends in US enrollment for software degrees have fluctuated over the last several years. Increases in enrollments were spurred by the growth of the PC in the early &#8217;80s and the internet in the early &#8217;90s but recently enrollment dropped significantly due to the media press magnification of outsourcing and create a shortage of software skill workers today. The software industry is also changing with so many new companies and new ideas. The focus of attention has moved from product to service.<\/p>\n<p>Following are some of the emerging trends:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Software as a Service&#8221; (SaaS) &#8211; Software application delivery model where a software vendor develops a web-based software application and hosts and operates the application for use by its customers over the Internet. \u00a0Customers do not pay for owning the software but rather pay for using it. They use it through an API accessible over the Web and often written using web services.<\/li>\n<li>Agile Software Method &#8211; A new, more agile method with better adaptable approach to improving customer satisfaction, by rapidly identifying customer needs using close collaboration to get early feedback with frequent software releases, using small highly skilled teams of developers with flexible designs to accommodate constant change.<\/li>\n<li>Open Source &#8211; Is a set of principles and practices that promote access to the design and development of software products and knowledge. The term is commonly applied to the source code that is available to the general public with non-existent intellectual property restrictions. This allows users to create software content through incremental individual effort or through collaboration. Participants in open source environment can modify those products and redistribute them back into the community free of charge. \u00a0Open source software can provide building blocks that a company can use to enter a market or catch up.<\/li>\n<li>Data Mining, Data Integration and Business Intelligence \u00a0&#8211; The best job opportunity in the next 10 years probably is about searching, capturing, and aggregating data, creating metadata, manipulating, bundling and presenting data for people to make decisions. \u00a0Future users need more &#8220;integration platforms&#8221; that let users merge &#8220;silos of information&#8221; into useful tools. \u00a0In a global enterprise, all data (i.e.: customer transactions, finance, information systems, manufacturing, supplier transactions, forecasting, and inventory) is integrated into information and knowledge for business advantage.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Global demand for skilled IT workers is increasing with an estimated 5 to 10 million shortage by 2020. \u00a0&#8220;Demographic shift (aging population, declining birthrates) is creating a critical shortage of skilled workers and new unprecedented opportunities for many. \u00a0Inadequate education, obsolete education systems and academic complacency have created a huge technological gap among people where many jobs \u00a0\u00a0are being eliminated or reduced. \u00a0The oversupply of low-skill workers generates high unemployment in many countries, while lack of high-skill workers creates significant shortage in the technology industry. Countries around the world are taking serious steps to take advantage of this trend by improving their education program and retraining their workforce to fill the skill gap needs.<\/p>\n<p>Most organizations are making extensive use of Commercial Off The Shelf &#8211; COTS and relying more on external suppliers outsourcing to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reduce cost by buying rather than building<\/li>\n<li>Improve time to market<\/li>\n<li>Keep up with rapid changes in technology<\/li>\n<li>Focus on &#8220;core competencies&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>Shifting into integrating rather than manufacturing<\/li>\n<li>Maintain position in a global world (globalization)<\/li>\n<li>Support larger, more complex, and network centric software products.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However the shift to COTS &amp; Outsourcing does NOT imply less need for software development, but implies a major shift toward higher value skills to address emerging business needs. Following are skills mostly needed by software industry:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Business Process Analyst<\/li>\n<li>Systems Engineer<\/li>\n<li>Requirements Engineer<\/li>\n<li>System Architect<\/li>\n<li>Enterprise Architect<\/li>\n<li>Data Mining\/Business Intelligence Specialists<\/li>\n<li>Network Security Systems Specialists<\/li>\n<li>Large scale integration Specialist<\/li>\n<li>Product Development Manager<\/li>\n<li>Outsourcing Manager<\/li>\n<li>Software Project Management<\/li>\n<li>Program Management<\/li>\n<li>Software developers in specific domain areas<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Most leading companies are focusing on developing and maintaining their Critical skills (Core competencies), with a strong emphasis on large scale integration. \u00a0Many will outsource their less critical skills.&#8221; Industry must:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Identify the knowledge and skills required to perform business processes, so that they may be developed and used as basis for skilled workforce development.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Track the performance of their workforce in achieving their business objectives.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Traditional academic training has not kept up with this trend to develop higher value skills. \u00a0There is an urgent need for companies to retrain their workers to focus on complex integration of large scale, network-centric, software intensive systems.&#8221; \u00a0&#8220;Traditional academic training is focusing too much in theory, but not practical solutions that industry needs. \u00a0Education Institutions must:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Coordinate training activities with current and future business needs of industry to provide talent for key positions.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Continuously improve their training and upgrade the curricula to enhance the capability of the workforce to perform their tasks and responsibilities.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Management must continuously improve the flow of information within the organization and incorporate the knowledge of staff members into decision-making processes by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ensuring that workers have up-to-date skills to perform their work and avoid the cost of turnover.<\/li>\n<li>Supporting workers to increase effectiveness and productivity.<\/li>\n<li>Measuring workforce contribution to the business.<\/li>\n<li>Focusing on enhancing business performance (quality, cost, time)&#8221; &#8220;A skilled workforce requires a highly skilled management.&#8221; Workers must &#8220;Invest in life-long learning&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3091","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau","category-xu-huong-cong-nghe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3091","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3091"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3091\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3093,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3091\/revisions\/3093"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3091"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3091"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}