{"id":3085,"date":"2013-07-08T15:30:02","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T08:30:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3085"},"modified":"2013-07-08T15:30:02","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T08:30:02","slug":"xa-hoi-tri-thuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3085","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Qua \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 n\u01a1i h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u1edf hay n\u01a1i kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u1edf. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 lan to\u1ea3 ch\u00fang tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\u00a0 Do vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, tri th\u1ee9c \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh c\u00f2n h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 20 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: \u201cX\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e1y v\u1edbi d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn,\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00ed l\u1edbn v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u201d v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0o v\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1ea5t, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: \u201cD\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o,\u201d \u201cH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cCanh t\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhanh h\u01a1n.\u201d V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0o trong bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u \u00a0cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kinh doanh \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c gia, cho n\u00ean v\u1ed1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa. V\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o n\u01a1i h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n cho n\u00ean lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa. V\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 sang kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u; m\u1edf c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1edf n\u01a1i chi ph\u00ed doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n, g\u00e2y v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u1edbn b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y. Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0o trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n tri th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean sang h\u1ecdc sinh trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf h\u00e0n l\u00e2m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u00e0y nay qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111ang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf h\u00e0n l\u00e2m ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00f4ng ti, trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, qua c\u00e1c websites c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi gi\u1edbi h\u00e0n l\u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed. Tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, tri th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Tri th\u1ee9c b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy nh\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u1edbi n\u00e0y. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf h\u00e0n l\u00e2m ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay. N\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m h\u1ebft cho nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c. Theo nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a UNESCO, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo c\u00e1ch “nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi \u01b0u ti\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.” Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, \u01b0u ti\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh t\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111ang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c b\u00ean trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, gen, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi (Composite, s\u1ee3i quang, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano v.v) c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 robotic v.v \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111ang l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n

1) H\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o quan ni\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c then ch\u1ed1t trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc sinh quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan ni\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. H\u00e0n l\u00e2m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qua l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft – c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n nh\u01b0 thi c\u1eed v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c.\u00a0 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch “h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng\u201d m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 canh t\u00e2n. Do thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y nay hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Thay v\u00ec thi c\u1eed, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc n\u00ean d\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u\u201d, \u201cgi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft theo k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cgi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m\u201d n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u201cc\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c\u201d v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u201ch\u1ecdc qua h\u00e0nh\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

2) D\u00f9ng gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh xem nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean c\u1ee7a X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c hay \u201cc\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u01b0 duy h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u201ccon ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9.\u201d V\u1eady c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n. H\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u1eebng c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau, s\u1ef1 li\u00ean thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean m\u00f4n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

3) N\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec3 thu nh\u1eadn tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo t\u1ed5<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 h\u00e0n l\u00e2m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng coi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 tri th\u1ee9c\u201d chuy\u1ec3n giao b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c cho h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u0103ng n\u1ed5, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p v\u00e0o. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Hi l\u1ea1p n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 cao qu\u00ed nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qua th\u1eddi gian vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 “ngh\u1ec1 cao qu\u00ed’ n\u1eefa m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra \u201ch\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng,\u201d \u201cgian l\u1eadn thi c\u1eed,” \u201cgi\u1ea3i theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c\u201d v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u201c\u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 sai\u201d \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m chia r\u1ebd m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng theo t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m, c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng tho\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7p, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, chia s\u1ebb, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf h\u00e0n l\u00e2m ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc sinh ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00f2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo nh\u00f3m b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. H\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u1ea1nh tranh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong t\u1ed5 theo c\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00ec l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng cao h\u01a1n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y nay \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; emails, internet, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o t\u1eeb xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3.”<\/p>\n

U\u1ef7 ban k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u – Global Information Infrastructure Commission (GIIC), m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTo\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh trong truy nh\u1eadp, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tri th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\u201d GIIC khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n th\u00f4ng tin cho h\u1ecdc sinh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m Internet, World Wide Web, CD-ROM, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 h\u00e0n l\u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb “ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 tri th\u1ee9c” th\u00e0nh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cHu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean\u201d ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong vi\u1ec7c thu l\u1ea5y n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tri th\u1ee9c h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf tr\u00ean, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao trong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng: Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi, gen, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cao c\u1ea5p, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, robotics \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cao v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi t\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u00edt v\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 huy, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 khen th\u01b0\u1edfng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 sang c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi. Trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i sau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i ch\u1eadm. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n do chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ea5p \u0111i c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ed3i. Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u201cX\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c\u201d v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng “x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd xem nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u00eam.\u00a0 Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n tri th\u1ee9c th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh tranh cao, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i sau.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Knowledge Society<\/p>\n

The advancement of technology has changed the economic and social structure of many countries. Through the application of information technology, companies can do business regardless of where they are or where their customers are. To take advantage of this new business model, most companies are restructuring their businesses into many functions and spread them across the world for advantages in labor costs and knowledge workers. The critical issue that emerges from this restructuring is the role of education and training for their success in the global economy.\u00a0 Due to the integration of technologies into every aspects of business, knowledge is becoming an increasingly important factor of business production much more than land, labor, and capital.<\/p>\n

The 20th century business model is based on two principles: \u201cFactory with moving assembly line for mass production\u201d, and \u201cSystem to manage large physical labor force that operates the production line\u201d and the success of the manufacturing depends mostly on capital, land, labor, and management system. However in the 21st century, business model is changing and based on three principles: \u201cUsing Technology to automate manufacturing production\u201d, \u201cSystem to manage knowledge workers\u201d and \u201cInnovation for faster and better products\u201d. With globalization, land is not restricted within a country boundary because company can operate anywhere so land is not important anymore. With globalization, company can do business everywhere and can raise capital from any source, not restricted within a country financial system, so capital is also not an important factor anymore. Since companies can operate globally, there is no longer the issue with labor because they can hire anybody from any country where they need so labor is not longer important anymore. With globalization, business is shifting from local economy to global economy with companies expanding globally; open manufacturing where the cost of business is reasonable, hiring workers wherever they need, raising capital from wherever possible but business will face significant competition because of this wide open market. The key discriminator for success and failure is the knowledge of applying technology into the business for advantages. Given the increasing globalization and restructuring in the world economic, every company is now looking for more knowledge workers and that is why the collaboration between industry and education system is becoming more important,.<\/p>\n

Traditionally, education is seen as a formal process of instruction, based on a theory of teaching, to transfer knowledge from teachers to students within a formal structure of academic institutions. However, today the process of learning occur, with or without formal academic institution because knowledge can be acquired using information multimedia outside the traditional schools and universities. Learning can take place in the company, in the special training organization, by websites of groups with similar interests. In the traditional system, education is controlled by the academia and limited to a selected few who can pass certain exams or can pay for the tuitions. However with globalization, knowledge is not limited to a select few but available to everyone who is interested in learning. As knowledge expands throughout the world, all people should have as much access as possible to this new kind of learning. Of course, this concept is in conflict with the formal academia institutions that exist today. The fear of losing control in education has put a stop to many attempts in developing countries and prevents them to become a knowledge society. According to several studies by UNESCO, to success in the global economy developing countries must actively improve their educational systems in ways that are “consistent with their national priorities.” In the globalize world, national priorities must also take into consideration the fundamental changes occurring in the structures of the global economy and create new priorities for achieving competitive national advantage.<\/p>\n

The role of knowledge within the global economy is opening up new industries that employ a lot of knowledge workers such as biotechnology, genetics, new materials science (Composite, fiber optics, nanotechnology etc.) information technologies, and robotics etc. To take advantage of these new industries that can accelerate significant economy growth, education system will need to change by:<\/p>\n

1) Focus on practical concepts and uncertainty<\/p>\n

The key challenge in education is how to train students to be familiar with practical concepts and uncertain situations. The traditional academic is focus on training with theory -made problems such as examinations and formula solving.\u00a0 This leads to \u201crote memorization\u201d but not creativity and innovations. Due to the fast changing of economy and technology, most today problems are rarely clearly defined. It requires a different kind of workers who can analyze problems, gather necessary information, and make decisions based on complex uncertain realities. Instead of examinations, school should teach more on \u201cCase studies\u201d, \u201cScenarios solving\u201d and \u201cStory-center curriculum\u201d where students can solve \u201cReal problems\u201d and apply the concept of \u201cLearning by Doing\u201d to be more realistic with the industry needs.<\/p>\n

2) Uses interdisciplinary as opposed to discrete curriculum<\/p>\n

The traditional education is divided into rigid academic domains, focused on discrete professions. For example, students in art will not learn science and students in science will not learn business. However, the emerging Information Society and global economy requires a different approach or \u201csystems thinking approach\u201d to develop a \u201cTotal person\u201d. Thus inter-disciplinary curriculum approaches are encouraged to achieving a more comprehensive understanding the complex reality currently facing the world. Students must learn more about the total system, how each component interacts with each other, the interdependencies among domains as well as the role of people in the knowledge society. A total person is considered an ethical, professional who contribute to the society and as a part of a whole.<\/p>\n

3) Enhances the student\u2019s ability to acquire new knowledge and teamwork<\/p>\n

Traditional academic professors often saw themselves as \u201cKnowledge transmitters\u201d delivering lectures, information, and knowledge to the eagerly learning students, whose minds were empty waiting to be filled. This Greek tradition of education is noble but not practical in today\u2019s society. In the past, there were great teachers and great students but schools were small and limited with selected students so it worked well. However, overtime teaching is no longer a \u201cnoble profession\u201d but a job and students do not come to school because they want to learn but they have to. This created \u201cRote memorization\u201d, \u201cCheating on examinations, \u201cFormula solving\u201d and the concept of \u201cRight and Wrong\u201d which often divide people and discourage the true meaning of learning.<\/p>\n

Today, workers in global companies must work closely in teams. Working in teams requires students to develop skills in group dynamics, compromise, discussion, sharing, organization, leadership and management skills. Most academic institutions today are set up to do the opposite, to force students to think only of themselves and their own personal development, with limited group work. Students are encouraged to compete rather than collaborate and personal gain is considered better than group success. Education system must restructure to enhance networking activity among people. Students must learn to work in teams in a collaborative ways for a higher ideal than personal. Today global teams are being used increasingly in industry and technologies such as emails, internet, cell phones and teleconferences are used to enhance team performance structuring group dialogue and decision making, and facilitating collective activities.”<\/p>\n

The Global Information Infrastructure Commission (GIIC), an international, independent, non-governmental organization has recommended that: \u201cThe globalization of the economy and its demands on the workforce requires a different education that enhances the ability of students to access, assess, adopt, and apply knowledge, to think independently to exercise appropriate judgment and to collaborate with others to make sense of new situations. The objective of education is no longer simply to convey a body of knowledge, but to teach students how to learn, solve problems and be ethical professionals that can contribute to the benefit of the society\u201d. The GIIC encourage every government to apply technologies to promote the production of new knowledge and dissemination of information to students. Some of these technologies include the Internet, World Wide Web, CD-ROM, and multimedia forms. These new technologies allow academic professors to move from being “Knowledge transmitter” into the role of the “Guide\u201d and \u201cCoach\u201d who assist students in gaining the abilities required to acquire and utilize knowledge contained in various forms around the world.<\/p>\n

As discussed above, the global economy based on knowledge is a key factor of all future economy growths. The emerging industries that significantly improve the economy with high growth in employment are: Software, biotechnology, new materials science, genetics, advanced computing, artificial intelligence, robotics \u2013 all demand that employees remain highly trained in science and technology. This also requires a new approach to the management system because the system that focuses on physical labor workers no longer work for knowledge workers. Managers must learn how to focus less on command, control but more on encouraging, facilitating and rewarding.\u00a0 A major issue that remains unsolved is the impact of changing from the old system to the new approach. During this transition, not all countries will be able to change quickly, some will be left behind. This will create an opportunity for advanced countries to take advantage of slow moving countries. Some assembly lines and mass productions will be moved to under-developed countries due to their lower labor cost with consequences of pollutions, toxic wastes and negative impacts.<\/p>\n

According to some studies, this already happened. As some countries are developing their \u201cKnowledge Society\u201d and improving their education systems, they discard their \u201cObsolete factory\u201d systems to countries that could not adapt to this change and relying on physical labor as the main economy growth. The movement of the manufactured industries to these countries will destroy their lands, pollute their airs, impact their people\u2019s health and prevent them from advancement further.\u00a0 Without improving their education and focus on develop knowledge workers it is impossible for many to catch up and in the highly competitive global world, they will be left behind.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Qua \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3085","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3085"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3085\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3087,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3085\/revisions\/3087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3085"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3085"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3085"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}