{"id":3070,"date":"2013-07-08T15:15:46","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T08:15:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3070"},"modified":"2013-07-08T15:15:46","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T08:15:46","slug":"scrum-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3070","title":{"rendered":"SCRUM"},"content":{"rendered":"

Agile l\u00e0 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m “h\u01b0\u1edbng theo t\u1ed5” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c mau l\u1eb9, s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1edfi v\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1i ra hay k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m) nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ea5y t\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (qui tr\u00ecnh) t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Trong l\u1edbp, sinh vi\u00ean t\u1eadp trung h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u01a1i sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u00f2n \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang. T\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi qui tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p agile (mau l\u1eb9).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 v\u00e0i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trong agile nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u201cScrum\u201d m\u1ed9t qui tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Scrum l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sau:<\/p>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m;<\/p>\n

Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung;<\/p>\n

\u01afu ti\u00ean ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng;<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee9 sau 30 ng\u00e0y, khi c\u1ea7n; v\u00e0<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hay b\u00e1c b\u1ecf k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea7y Scrum l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Th\u1ea7y Scrum:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7;<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng;<\/p>\n

Che ch\u1eafn cho t\u1ed5 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb can nhi\u1ec5u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i; v\u00e0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng qui tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n theo,<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5:<\/p>\n

xuy\u00ean ch\u00e9o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m;<\/p>\n

l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch Sprint (\u0111\u1ee3t ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat) v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c;<\/p>\n

c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00ean trong bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a Sprint;<\/p>\n

\u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Scrum \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m xong c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (danh s\u00e1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro. \u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a xong c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. R\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ra trong \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m xong m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9. Scrum cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi n\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t” \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. V\u1edbi Scrum, m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n qua m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i l\u1eb7p, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cSprints – ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat\u201d (th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn). \u1ede l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng Sprint – Sprint, cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Sprint \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1eadp \u01b0u ti\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 l\u1ef1a ra c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sang Sprint ch\u01b0a xong. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Sprint h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y – Daily Scrum – \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3. Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ednh th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho chia s\u1ebb tri th\u1ee9c, gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng Sprint, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat Sprint. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u Sprint, t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 mau l\u1eb9 (Agile).<\/p>\n

Qui tr\u00ecnh Scrum bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng: L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Sprint, Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, Ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m Sprint, v\u00e0 Suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 Sprint.<\/p>\n

1) L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Sprint<\/p>\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho Sprint b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chia nh\u1ecf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Scrum b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0a ra, v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f9ng t\u1ed5. T\u1ed5 ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng theo c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh bao nhi\u00eau c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch c\u1ee1 t\u1ed5, gi\u1edd s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5. T\u1ed5 k\u00e9o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n m\u1ee5c t\u1eeb t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m trong ph\u1ea1m vi n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0o trong t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Sprint n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i th\u1ea7y Scrum l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 trong phi\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 chia c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng cho sprint.<\/p>\n

2) Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, Sprint b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u1eebng ng\u00e0y th\u1ea7y Scrum l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5 trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Scrum h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ng\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Scrum. T\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho ba c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: 1) B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp Scrum tr\u01b0\u1edbc? 2) B\u1ea1n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0m g\u00ec h\u00f4m nay? 3) C\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0o ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0m h\u00f4m nay kh\u00f4ng? M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

3) Suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 Sprint<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 tham d\u1ef1 c\u00f9ng th\u1ea7y Scrum, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.\u00a0 Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: 1) C\u00e1i g\u00ec di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ed1t trong k\u00ec ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i? 2) C\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i?\u00a0 Th\u1ea7y Scrum l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 \u01b0u ti\u00ean ho\u00e1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i t\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Th\u1ea7y Scrum t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh Scrum, nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

4) H\u1ecdp ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m sprint<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdp ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf cu\u1ed1i sprint. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 m\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong k\u00ec ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng m\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0o tr\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong Sprint n\u00e0y. Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, th\u1ea7y Scrum c\u0169ng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u1ea1i cho t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat ti\u1ebfp. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cho sprint ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn\u00a0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau trong sprint ti\u1ebfp.\u00a0 Sau cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, qui tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat kh\u00e1c cho t\u1edbi khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Agile is a \u201cteamwork oriented\u201d software development process designed for small project where requirements are not stable and continue to change. In order to make agile works, customer participation is required and the team would focus on the activities rather than the results because quality activities would produce quality results. Tradition computer science program emphasizes the outputs or results (product) but not much on the activities (process) that created the results. In class, students are focusing mostly on the correct outputs but not taught on the process of develop software. This is one of the problems of programming language training where students can do whatever they want as long as they come up with the correct answers. In contrast, software engineering training is focusing more on the disciplines to build software according to a defined process. One of the methods that are being taught is agile.<\/p>\n

There are several methods in agile but the most popular is \u201cScrum\u201d a defined process to monitors and controls software development activities. The key aspect of Scrum is the defined roles, responsibilities and accountabilities of people in the team as follows:<\/p>\n

The Product Owner is responsible for the following:<\/p>\n

Define the features of the product;<\/p>\n

Decide on release date and content;<\/p>\n

Prioritize features according to customers needs;<\/p>\n

Adjust features and priority every 30 days, as needed; and<\/p>\n

Accept or reject work results.<\/p>\n

The Scrum Master is a team leader working closing with the Product Owner. The Scrum Master:<\/p>\n

Ensures that the team is fully functional and productive;<\/p>\n

Enables close cooperation across all roles and functions;<\/p>\n

Shields the team from external interferences; and<\/p>\n

Ensures that the process is followed,<\/p>\n

The Team:<\/p>\n

Is cross-functional, with experienced members;<\/p>\n

Selects the Sprint goal and specifies work results;<\/p>\n

Has the right to self-organized within the boundaries of the guidelines to reach the Sprint goal;<\/p>\n

Demos work results to the Product Owner.<\/p>\n

A Scrum software project is managed by maintains a Product backlog (Requirements list) and risks. Product Backlog is statement of works that the project must implement. Risks are things identify in product backlog that the team must mitigate.<\/p>\n

Scrum allows project team to determine when the system is \u201cgood enough\u201d to be released to customer. With Scrum, every project progresses through a series of iterations, usually four weeks in length, called \u201cSprints\u201d (Short duration). At the start of each Sprint, a Sprint Planning Meeting is held during which the Product Owner prioritizes the Backlog and the team selects the tasks they can complete within that Sprint. These tasks are then moved from the Product Backlog to the Sprint Backlog. Each day a daily meeting called the Daily Scrum is held, to identify which activity has been completed and which is not and must be implemented on that day. This kind of meeting creates a visibility of each person\u2019s work to facilitate knowledge sharing, reduce overlapping tasks, and ensure that their work is fully integrated. At the end of each Sprint, the team demonstrates the completed functionality at a Sprint Review Meeting. By having several sprints, the project team can build the software in several short durations incrementally with flexibility and fast (Agile).<\/p>\n

The Scrum process consists of four activities: Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, and the Sprint Retrospective.<\/p>\n

1) Sprint Planning<\/p>\n

Preparation for a sprint begins when the Product Owner develops a plan for a product. The Product Owner must have a vision for the product and be able to breakdown the products into small pieces according to a plan with several releases, each focusing on certain features. The Product Owner prepares a Product Backlog, a list of features prioritized by customer.<\/p>\n

The Scrum begins with the Product Owner reviewing the vision, the plan, the release schedule, and the Product Backlog with the team. The team reviews the estimates for features on the Product Backlog and decides how much work it can take into the sprint based on team size, available hours, and level of team expertise. The team pulls items from the Product Backlog that they can do within a thirty-day sprint into sprint backlog then the Scrum Master leads the team in a planning session to break down these features into sprint tasks. These are the specific development activities required to implement a feature for the sprint.<\/p>\n

2) Daily Scrum<\/p>\n

Once planning is complete, the Sprint begins its iteration cycle. Each day the Scrum Master leads the team in the Daily Scrum Meeting. The Daily Scrum is a short meeting designed to clarify the state of the Scrum. Each team member responds to three questions: 1).What has you done since the last Scrum meeting? 2) What are you planning to do today? 3) Are there any obstacles preventing you from performing work you are planning to do today? The goal is to get an status of the project, discover any new issues, address any personal needs of team members, and adjust the plan in real time to the needs of the day.<\/p>\n

3) Sprint Retrospective<\/p>\n

The meeting is attended by the team with the Scrum Master, and Product Owner.\u00a0 The meeting starts with all team members answering two questions: 1) What went well during the last sprint? 2) What could be improved in the last sprint?\u00a0 The Scrum Master documents the team answers in summary form, and the team prioritizes the order it wants to talk about the potential improvements. The Scrum Master facilitates the team\u2019s search for improvement opportunities to the Scrum process, identified actions that can be added to the next sprint for improvement.<\/p>\n

4) Sprint Review Meeting<\/p>\n

Sprint Review Meeting is held at the end of a sprint. The first part is to demonstrate to the Product Owner the code that has been developed during the sprint. The Product Owner also invites customers to attend to review and to determine which features on the Product Backlog have been completed in this Sprint. The customers, product owner, Scrum master also discuss how to reprioritize the Product Backlog for the next sprint. Then the goal for the next sprint is defined and discussed on how the team will worked together in the next sprint.\u00a0 After the Review Meeting, the process begins again with another sprint until all features have been done to complete a product.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Agile l\u00e0 qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m “h\u01b0\u1edbng theo t\u1ed5” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3070"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3071,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3070\/revisions\/3071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}