{"id":304,"date":"2013-06-18T21:46:11","date_gmt":"2013-06-18T14:46:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=304"},"modified":"2013-06-21T11:01:24","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T04:01:24","slug":"xu-huong-giao-duc-moi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=304","title":{"rendered":"Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ghi danh v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf. Khi m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh trong th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 sau \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00e0i Loan, v\u00e0 Singapore v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m $250 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n sinh vi\u00ean l\u00ean n\u0103m l\u1ea7n. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 28% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c (18 t\u1edbi 26 tu\u1ed5i) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean khi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eadc cao h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh \u01b0u ti\u00ean ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y khoa hay ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9m khi vi\u1ec7c \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 sinh vi\u00ean ghi danh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y trong khoa b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c cho nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean n\u00e0y khi h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee1 n\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec m\u1ea5y. Vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c doanh nh\u00e2n “v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn” chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u01b0 m\u1edf ra tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o v\u00e0i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c “n\u00f3ng” nh\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 kinh doanh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Hai n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng tin (NASSCOM) \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o d\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean 75% ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p CNTT kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y khoa c\u00f3 t\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e3ng 10,000 sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a 50 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y khoa gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng hay nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean h\u01a1n. M\u1ecdi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u0103m n\u0103m, m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd v\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o x\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay v\u00ec \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y trong khoa; h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9m v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecf sang h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u0129 hay ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.\u201d<\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai s\u1ebd d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u0103m 2008 v\u1edbi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edfi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Harvard, Stanford, Princeton v\u00e0 MIT \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. Sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y khoa h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u00ec l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 M\u00f4n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn m\u1edf cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng – Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn sinh vi\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y khoa gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3. B\u1ea1n t\u00f4i \u1edf Stanford b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u00f3 60,000 sinh vi\u00ean cho l\u1edbp \u201cNh\u1eadp m\u00f4n v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.\u201d M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c \u1edf MIT c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 40,000 sinh vi\u00ean trong m\u00f4n “L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh di \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u201d Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn m\u00f4n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u0129 \u0111ang c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i khi t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u0129 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3? Sao h\u1ecd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n? Sao \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i g\u00ec trong \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3?” T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cCh\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u01a1i tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t. M\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cho n\u00ean gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0u t\u00fa m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y b\u1ecb l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n: \u201cNh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n cho n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c?\u201d T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cV\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 “ph\u1eb3ng” v\u00e0 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111ang “bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.” \u0110\u1ec3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh doanh ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh doanh, m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng.\u201d \u00d4ng \u1ea5y l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng tin: \u201cT\u00f4i ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i sao M\u0129 l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o sinh vi\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 hay Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i g\u00ec cho h\u1ecd.\u201d T\u00f4i c\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201c\u00d4ng ngh\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho ai? Khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u1edf l\u1ea1i hay \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n?”<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The new education trend<\/p>\n

When economists are busy finding solutions for the unemployment issue today, some strategists have been busy working on plans for global competition in the future. The battle is beginning to take shape in education to develop the future workforce for economic growth.<\/p>\n

All economic indicators show that higher education enrollment is a leading factor of economic growth. When a country increases the number of university students it educates, that country tends to enjoy a strong economic growth in the decade that follows. It happened in Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore in the late 1980s as these countries now enjoying the best economy in their history.<\/p>\n

China also wants to do the same with its annual $250-billion investments in college education. Began in 2000s, Chinese government has doubled the number of universities and increased student enrollment five-fold. It probably is the greatest expansion in university education of its history. As a result, 28% of China’s younger population (18 to 26 year old) is enrolled in colleges. However when China government decided to make higher education a policy priority, its strategists were in a hurry to build many universities without considered the quality of their faculty or the training programs. Last year, a government review admitted that it was bad planning where the measurements were on numbers of school and student enrolled, but not anything else. Basically it was quantitive instead of quality that resulted in poor training programs, obsolete faculty trainings, low skilled graduates and no plans to accommodate these students when they graduate. Currently there are a massive number of college graduates without skills, without jobs, and the number keeps increasing to an alarming rate of five million college graduates per year.<\/p>\n

India also wants to do the same but instead of government invests in education, it allows the private sector to take over and the result was not much different. The encouragement to have more students in college provides an opportunity for \u201cprofit-minded\u201d business people to take advantage of the situation. Within a short time, thousand private universities opened up all over India. Most were limited to a few \u201chot\u201d fields of study such as computer science, information technology and business. The result was also a disaster with million graduates without knowledge and skills and no jobs. Two years ago, the information industry (NASSCOM) warned in a lengthy report that over 75% of IT graduates do not have the skills to work in IT industry.<\/p>\n

Of course, both China and India have top universities, talented faculties, and best training programs but they only admit a small proportion of very selected students. The education for the masses is something these schools could not accommodate. A Chinese professor told me: \u201cAll of our top schools can admit about 10,000 new students a year, a small fraction of 50 million college age population. We develop highly skilled graduates and they all get good jobs but we cannot do more than that. Quality education must start with better faculty and training programs, not with more schools or more students. All ambitious five-year plans, ten-year plans look good on paper as government wastes money on building schools instead of training faculties; they invest on computers and laboratories but not on training programs. It is bad planning and poor execution and that is why we have so many unemployed graduates today and our people begin to question the value of our college education. It also explains why each year several hundred thousand students left to study in the U.S or Europe.\u201d<\/p>\n

As both China and India are incapable of improving their education systems but there was something that no one would predict. In 2008 with the help of technology, American universities, led by top schools such as Harvard, Stanford, Princeton and MIT have decided to put their courses online. Students with access to computer and internet connection can take classes taught by top faculties in almost any fields of their choice. The concept of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) is designed to train large number of students begins to change everything. This education revolution allows everyone on earth to get access to the best education, the best programs, and the best faculty possible. My friend at Stanford told me that he had 60,000 students for his \u201cIntroduction to Database course\u201d. Another friend at MIT also said that he had over 40,000 students in the \u201cMobile programming\u201d course. Currently there are thousands of courses available as U.S universities are collaborating with each other to put their courses online for anyone who likes to learn.<\/p>\n

Last year when I taught in India, a college professor asked me: \u201cWhy would U.S schools do that? Why they do it without charging money? Why train the whole world when there is no benefit in it? I explained: \u201cWe are living in the information age where knowledge and skills are critical. All countries need skilled workers so education should not be for a few elites but must be provided for everybody.\u201d He was confused: \u201cBut why train workers for another country such as India or China.\u201d I explained: \u201cWith globalization, the world is \u201cFlat\u201d and borders are \u201cdisappearing\u201d. For the economy to grow businesses must grow and to grow the business, every company needs skilled workers.\u201d He shook his head in disbelief: \u201cI do not see why the U.S want to train Indian or Chinese students, there is no benefit for them.\u201d I laughed: \u201cWho do you think your skilled people will work for? When they have better skills, better educated would they stay or would they go somewhere for better jobs, better wages, and better opportunities?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,28,18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-loi-khuyen-cho-phu-huynh","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=304"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":607,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304\/revisions\/607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}