{"id":3013,"date":"2013-07-08T13:44:34","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T06:44:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3013"},"modified":"2013-07-08T13:44:34","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T06:44:34","slug":"quan-ngai-cong-nghe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=3013","title":{"rendered":"Quan ng\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf Anh n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m cho tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 “\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cao qu\u00ed” nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i b\u1eadn t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 t\u00ean “h\u00e0nh tinh th\u00f4ng minh” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quanh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 “th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh” n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u internet h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u00edch l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i. Theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a IBM, n\u0103m 2007 n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 – l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2020, qu\u00e3ng 70 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, cho n\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi “X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c” n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ra th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n: N\u0103m 2007, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 7 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi). N\u1ebfu IBM \u0111\u00fang th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn 2020, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 qu\u00e3ng 2 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean h\u01a1n 7 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau trong s\u1ed1 2 t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p? C\u00e1i g\u00ec gi\u1eef h\u1ecd trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ra th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfm cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n?<\/p>\n

Khi t\u00f4i du h\u00e0nh qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 trong m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ebft c\u1ea7u n\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, giao th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111i\u1ec7n v.v. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao \u201ct\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn giao th\u00f4ng\u201d, \u201cth\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 l\u1ec1u\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ckhu nh\u00e0 \u1ed5 chu\u1ed9t\u201d li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra \u201cth\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh\u201d v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. N\u00f3 cho \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng, nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n s\u1ebd t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n KH\u00d4NG th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1ng, \u00edt c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edf t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch \u00edt s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00ec m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd b\u1ecf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai. Ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i b\u1edfi b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt – N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111i \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, thay v\u00ec gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh. Thay v\u00ec tr\u1ed3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho h\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac. Ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o d\u1ea1y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00ean x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00ed.\u201d T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 khi h\u1ecd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u1edfi v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u01a1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m m\u1ed7i n\u0103m v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u. Mumbai \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 12 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi 18 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. H\u00ecnh dung th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m m\u1ed9t n\u0103m – t\u0103ng h\u01a1n ba tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Cho d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ba m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u ch\u00edn tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng th\u00eam v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ed1ng – kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt hay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e0o. T\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u n\u0103m l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00ec cho d\u00f9 nhu c\u1ea7u cho m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 2 kilowatt m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p 7 Gigawatt n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi “th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh” kh\u00f4ng? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng? Hay \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n? T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00e1nh xa th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u00f4n qu\u00ea, h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng cho c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m \u201cth\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh\u201d ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean l\u00e0m \u201ckhu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n th\u00f4ng minh.\u201d Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111em c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1edbi n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u internets, nhi\u1ec1u tin th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c hay xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ecd. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean h\u0103m h\u1edf, ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd b\u1ecf nh\u00e0 \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc n\u00ean \u0111i v\u1ec1 khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u1ecd b\u1edfi v\u00ec gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, phong tr\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ra th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p, cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf n\u01a1i h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng. H\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Blog160-A concern with technology<\/p>\n

Last week I attended a technology conference in England where several companies proposed plans to use technology to make the earth a better place. This was a \u201cnoble idea\u201d but as I looked more into the details, it bothered me a lot so I would like to share my concerns with you.<\/p>\n

The plan called “smart planet” built around a number of “smart cities” where technology will be utilized to make people’s life better. The cities will have more internets, more computers, more accesses to high technology and all benefits that technology can bring. According to IBM data, in 2007 half the world’s population lived in cities – the first time more people had lived in cities than before and by 2020, about 70 per cent of the world’s population will live in these cities so technology should be used to improve life in cities as much as possible as we are approaching the “Knowledge Society” where technology will handle many things for human being.<\/p>\n

I know that in almost every country, there are movements of people from the rural areas to cities to find works but we need to examine the proposed plan more closely: In 2007, half of the world’s population living in rural areas doing agriculture works to feed all people in the world (Approximately 7 billion people). If IBM is correct than by 2020, there will be about 2 billion people work in agriculture area to feed the rest of the world which eventually will grow more than 7 billion people by that time. My question is how many of these 2 billion people will want to work in agriculture? What keep them in the rural areas and not go to the cities for better life, better pays, and better opportunities?<\/p>\n

As I travelled in many countries, especially developing countries I can see huge population growth in every big cities but it is not being matched by infrastructure growth such as housing, transportation, road, bridges, sewers, water, electricity\u00a0 etc. That is why \u201cTraffic jams\u201d, \u201cshanty towns\u201d and \u201crat infected ghettos\u201d continue to expand and impact the already obsolete infrastructures of these cities. Creating \u201csmart cities\u201d with more supported technologies will lead to the acceleration of more issues for cities. It gives the idea that city is the place to live, more jobs, more opportunities, and then more people will come, and the infrastructure can NOT cope with it. The rural area will eventually be abandoned, there is less food available from the rural area since most foods will be shipped to cities to feed people there, less available clean water in rural because all efforts will be used to support cities, and then eventually many people will leave the rural and only few who could not leave stay with the lands. Poverty can easily followed by disease – If you travel in Africa, you will probably understand this.<\/p>\n

Technology, rather than solving problem will become a problem by making city an attraction to many people, without improving in the rural areas. With more technology, the speed of expansion of big cities will reduce available agricultural land and eventually foods will become a major issue. Instead of growing their own foods, some countries will have to depend on others to sell foods to them and lose their self-sufficiency. This is a problem that people who work in technology do not know or do not think seriously. Today many universities are only focusing on teaching technology but ignore other factors such as the impact of technology on society, the global issues, and the ethics of a technology professional. In my opinion, this is an issue in current education systems as students are NOT educated to be \u201cmoral and ethical persons\u201d. Of course, this is NOT an issue with technology companies as they are promoting technology as a business for their own benefits. The more people buy their products, the better they make money but the consequences of what happened are NOT their concerns. As we already experienced what happened to the global economy with the financial crisis where few unethical business leaders did a lot of damages, I wonders what will happen if some technology leaders are doing the same?<\/p>\n

I have been in cities where growth rate is about 20 per cent per year in populations and I have seen many bad things. Mumbai in India is an example, a city of 12 million according to official data but actually closer to 18 million in reality. Imagine this city growing by 20 per cent per year – an increase of more than three million people each year. Even if these people only need three square meters each to live in, there is a need for an extra nine million square meters of living space – that cannot be farmed or used for any useful productive output. Each person will also require a minimum of five liters of drinking water per day, so there is a need for 15 million extra liters of clean water. If these people want to use electricity for lighting and cooking then even if the need for each person averaging out at 2 kilowatt per day, there is a need for 7 Gigawatt extra power provision.<\/p>\n

Is this leading to a “smart city”? Is this leading to better life for its people? Or is this really makes the problem worse? I believe that technology should serve the rural areas by making life in these areas better to keep people away from the cities. The rural areas support the cities and the country, damage in rural areas will create damage to the entire country, instead of making \u201cSmart cities\u201d we should make \u201cSmart rural areas\u201d. For example, we need to make better life for farmers by bringing technology to the farms with more internets, more weather news, and more information on agriculture markets so they can plan things better. If they need help to sell products to other cities or to export then we must use technology to support them. The first step of doing this is having good education systems that span across the country including all rural areas where there are so many eager students, waiting for the opportunities to make their life better. Instead of them leave home to go to school in the cities, schools should go to the rural areas to serve them because education should serve the needs of many, not a few.<\/p>\n

Today, the movement of people from rural areas to cities continues unless there are better opportunities in the rural areas. Population growth in cities is out of control unless we are doing something to keep these agricultural communities to stay together by moving more people towards self-sufficiency, providing infrastructure and technology that supports people where they live. More than ever, we must pay attention to the future of our country by investing in education in the rural areas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf Anh n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3013"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3013\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3015,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3013\/revisions\/3015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3013"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}