{"id":2973,"date":"2013-07-08T11:51:26","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T04:51:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2973"},"modified":"2013-07-08T11:51:26","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T04:51:26","slug":"tai-nang-nuoc-ngoai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2973","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e0i n\u0103ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00f4m nay, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Business Week \u0111\u0103ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o th\u00fa v\u1ecb: “V\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi: T\u00e0i n\u0103ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 Th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c.” T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng cho d\u00f9 m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti M\u0129 v\u1eabn thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb S\u1edf di tr\u00fa v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n M\u0129. N\u0103m nay M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p 65,000 th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf M\u0129 theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H-1B. V\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf M\u0129 cho t\u1edbi 3 n\u0103m, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1edbi M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecd c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111ang xin h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kinh doanh thay v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7. Do vi\u1ec7c s\u00fat gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i \u0111em c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng. Theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i Microsoft \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 2 trong danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u1edbi 1,318 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea, trong khi Intel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng 3 v\u1edbi 723. Lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p M\u0129 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng khi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u1edf M\u0129, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean M\u0129, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c $60,000 t\u1edbi $100,000 USD m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang xin v\u00e0o theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd xem nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c M\u0129 “b\u00f2n r\u00fat” c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu anh ta \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, anh ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e3ng $12,000 USD nh\u01b0ng khi anh ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho Microsoft b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, l\u01b0\u01a1ng anh ta l\u00e0 $ 80,000 USD theo \u0111\u00f3 anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec7n nghi \u1edf M\u0129. Sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Portland r\u1eb1ng anh ta mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb Intel v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng ti ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u1eeb S\u1edf di tr\u00fa M\u0129, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H1B program cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u1edf l\u1ea1i M\u0129 v\u1edbi \u00edt h\u01a1n 2% tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch. Ron Hira, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 th\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Rochester ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n “X\u00e9t t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kinh t\u1ebf, v\u1edbi 15.4 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf M\u0129, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.” V\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Obama \u0111ang v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch \u0111ang tranh c\u00e3i li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Bernie Sanders v\u00e0 Charles Grassley \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti sa th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n M\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i qua ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H-1B. H\u1ecd n\u00f3i: “Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n M\u0129.” Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, Khoa h\u1ecdc cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, K\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 d\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0o M\u0129.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, Sridhar Ramasubbu, quan ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Wipro v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng M\u0129 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Do nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn m\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd co c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng “Ch\u00fang ta b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf 58 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00eam n\u1eefa khi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n cao v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p.”<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Foreign Talent<\/p>\n

Today, Business Week magazine posts an interesting article: “Still wanted: Foreign Talent and Visas”. The author wrote that even as job losses in the U.S. increases and millions of people losing jobs, many U.S companies are still hiring oversea skilled workers, especially in the software field. According to data from the U.S. Citizenship & Immigration Services. This year so far the U.S has granted 65,000 visas for foreign workers to come and work in the U.S under the H-1B program. With this program, foreigners can stay and work in the U.S for up to 3 years, with the possibility of extending for additional years.<\/p>\n

The majority of workers came to the U.S are from India where most of them have the software engineering skills which are most needed in the U.S as more students in the U.S are enrolling in Business schools instead of Engineering schools. Due to the declining in software engineering enrollments, many companies have to bring workers from India, China, Europe to fill the gap. According to the data, last year Microsoft was No. 2 on the list with 1,318 foreign hired, while Intel ranked No. 3 with 723. U.S laws requires that when foreigners are legally working in the U.S, they have to be treated the same as U.S employees that means they should have the same salary and benefits. Currently, a newly graduated software engineering could earned between $60,000 to $100,000 USD a year, that is why many top software people all over the world are applying for this program and it creates a backlash from their countries as the U.S is “draining away” their top scientists and engineers. A recent graduated Chinese software engineer told the local TV station that if he stays in China, he will make about $12,000 USD but as he is working for Microsoft now, his salary is $ 80,000 USD in which he could help feed his family in China and still making a comfortable living in the U.S. Another students from India told the local newspaper in Portland that he wanted to learn as much as possible from Intel and save money so in few years he could return to India and creates his own company. However, according to some statistics from U.S Immigration Services, most people from the H1B program eventually stayed in the U.S with less than 2% return to their own countries.<\/p>\n

Recently\u00a0 the program is being criticized by many people. Ron Hira, associate professor of public policy at Rochester Institute of Technology complained “Considering the state of the economy, with 15.4 million people unemployed in the U.S., companies should be able to find qualified workers here.”\u00a0 With the Obama Administration struggling to create jobs, politicians are debating whether the program needs some change. Senators Bernie Sanders and Charles Grassley have introduced a bill to prevent companies that lay off U.S. workers from hiring foreign workers through H-1B programs. They said: “We have a responsibility to ensure that companies do not use the foreign worker program to replace American workers”. However, as software companies are still needing more skilled workers, especially in the newer technology fields such as Bio-technology, Life Science, Software Engineering, and Energy and with dropping enrollment in these areas it would be difficult to stop skilled workers from entering the U.S.<\/p>\n

When being asked about this situation, Sridhar Ramasubbu, Wipro’s chief financial officer for international said that the U.S is NOT the only place that Indian software engineers could come and work. Due to high demand for this skills globally, other countries are still opening their doors to highly skilled workers. He concluded that “We’re now operating in 58 countries and we will expanding to more as the demand is still high and the supply is still low”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u00f4m nay, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Business Week \u0111\u0103ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o th\u00fa v\u1ecb: “V\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi: T\u00e0i n\u0103ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 Th\u1ecb th\u1ef1c.” T\u00e1c … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2973","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2973"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2973\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2974,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2973\/revisions\/2974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2973"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}