{"id":2935,"date":"2013-07-08T10:35:24","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T03:35:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2935"},"modified":"2013-07-08T10:35:24","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T03:35:24","slug":"cong-nghiep-phan-mem-o-an-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2935","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong cu\u1ed9c vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Ts. Prasad m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y, suy tho\u00e1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. B\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00ean trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 tr\u00ean 70% nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 xem x\u00e9t t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sang M\u0129 hay ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea5p m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u01a1n 90 % s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00e1c hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eaft t\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi (tr\u00ean 35%) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang xem x\u00e9t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m “\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1edbn” n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea7u h\u01a1n. Trong b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, b\u1ea9y trong s\u1ed1 m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra n\u00e0y t\u00ecm ra l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u00e9p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nhu c\u1ea7u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111ang c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p n\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u1eadn d\u1eef h\u01a1n. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u cho n\u00ean M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ph\u1ea3i kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed trong th\u1eddi kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t k\u0129 n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh b\u00ean trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y cho n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, cho n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra “cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng” gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea9y c\u00f2 vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n cao, cao t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c 35% h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. Do nhu c\u1ea7u cao, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c \u00e9p l\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 “c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t\u201d.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00ean 100 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2020. Theo b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 sung s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hay m\u1ed9t trong hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i n\u0103ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao. Ts. Kapil Sibal, b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u1ed3 \u1ea1t v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 sinh y h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0111\u1ec3 cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 10% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 220 tri\u1ec7u tr\u1ebb em t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 12% s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang l\u00ean t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc (so v\u1edbi 68% \u1edf M\u0129 v\u00e0 74% \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c). T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 510 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ch\u1ec9 12% c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. V\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng “c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng” \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn thi\u1ebfu k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

NASSCOM, hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p CNTT \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng 75% sinh vi\u00ean k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 “kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m” b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Cho n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 10% nh\u01b0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 ra ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00f3. Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ec9, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng theo b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc hay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y tri th\u1ee9c l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft. C\u00f3 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa h\u00e0n l\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc g\u00ec. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi “kinh t\u1ebf theo qui m\u00f4” b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng \u201cgi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc\u201d kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Cho n\u00ean tranh c\u00e3i c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n m\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

Ts Prassad n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cH\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong su\u1ed1t hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3. T\u00f4i s\u1ee3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f2n \u0111ang c\u00e3i nhau, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 l\u00ean. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Philippines, Malaysia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1edbm v\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh t\u1ed1t. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u01b0u th\u1ebf then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng Anh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c hay Malaysia cho n\u00ean n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nhanh h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. Trong to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00ecm ra ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Software industry in India<\/p>\n

During my visit in India, Dr. Prasad a professor of software engineering shared with me a survey he did last month. According to the survey, the global financial recession has opened more opportunities for Indian software engineers than ever before. The survey results have shown that there are some problems within the industry regarding the retaining of workers and how to attract the best talent but the most surprising finding was that over 70% of respondents said that they were considering working abroad in search of better salaries and opportunity. The reason is many Indian software workers believe that they could go to the U.S or Europe and make ten times more than their current salaries so many are searching for opportunities abroad than in their country. Even those continue to work in India seemed predominantly uncomfortable with their current salaries. More than 90 % admitting that they are either actively seeking jobs with another companies or at least keeping an eye on the job market. In addition, a significant proportion of respondents (over 35%) said that they were considering working for themselves as consultants rather than making some \u201cbig bosses\u201d getting richer. In the survey of the richest people in India, seven out of ten came from the software industry.<\/p>\n

What this survey found is there is an increasing pressure to making more money because there are more demands in the market. However workers are feeling the pressure and getting angrier. The success of India software industry is that they can do more works for much less so the U.S and Europe are outsourced a lot of works to them to reduce costs in this financial crisis time. As a result, India has faced major skills shortages within the industry so losing people is a situation many companies cannot afford, so some begin to raise the salaries. This creates \u201csalary war\u201d among companies and triggers high turnover of worker, as high as 35% annually. Due to the high demand, government also put a lot of pressure to state universities to produce more software people to meet the demand and this also creates another problem of having \u201cunqualified workers\u201d.<\/p>\n

The government plan is to increases its technology workforce to 100 million people by the year 2020. According to this plan, India will have a young and vigorous work force that could be accounted for half of the total technical workforce in the world or one for every two people working in technology would be Indian. By having this kind of workforce, India will become the world’s most talent providers with a third of its economy will be based on high technology. Dr. Kapil Sibal, India’s education minister have an ambitious plan of massively invest in high technology education including biomedical, biotechnology, advanced software and hardware research so it can achieve a 10% growth rate each year for the next ten years. Last week, in a press conference, he reported that India today has 220 million children go to school but only 12% of them make it to college (compared to 68% in the US and 74% in China). Similarly, out of the roughly 510 million workers currently employed in India, only 12% are skilled in technology. And even the “skilled workers” still lack the practical skills that would make them attractive to work outside of India, and he wants to change that.<\/p>\n

NASSCOM, the Indian IT industry’s trade association just releases a report that 75% of the engineering graduates are \u201cunemployable\u201d because they do not have the \u201cPractical skills\u201d to work in industry. So to continue a 10% growth rate as the plan indicated India must dramatically improve both the quantity and quality of its skilled worker. But there were disagreements among educators on the means to achieve that goal. For many decades, educational achievement was measured by degree, preferably a college degree or above. But employers in the emerging software industry are seeking workers with practical skills not full of theoretical knowledge. There is disagreement between academia and industry on what students need to learn. Most public educational institutions in India have attempted to achieve “economies of scale” by producing as many students as possible using a \u201crigidly-defined curriculum\u201d that couldn’t be adjusted to accommodate the industry\u2019s needs. So the debate is still on going.<\/p>\n

Dr Prassad told me: \u201cThey have been debating about this for the last twenty years, nothing change. I am afraid when Indian is debating, other countries are progressing. It is possible that China, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia could overtake us soon if their people can speak English well. Many Indians do not know that their key advantage is that they have the English language, India\u2019s education system is not better than China or Malaysia so if they have language training and improving their education systems faster, no one know what will happen. In globalization, things happen very fast and the market can change quickly if developed countries find another place that has better education system, better skilled workers, at lower prices, thing could change very fast.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong cu\u1ed9c vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Ts. Prasad m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2935","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2935"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2935\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2936,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2935\/revisions\/2936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2935"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2935"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2935"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}