{"id":2898,"date":"2013-07-08T09:59:15","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T02:59:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2898"},"modified":"2013-07-08T09:59:15","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T02:59:15","slug":"kiem-thu-tich-hop","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2898","title":{"rendered":"Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng ti Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng Customer Relation Management (CRM) v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n cung c\u1ea5p Supply Chain Management (SCM) \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i l\u1eabn nhau qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 lan to\u1ea3 qua c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 l\u1edbn n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u1ea9n h\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra l\u1ed7i sau khi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1edfi v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm v\u00e0 s\u1eeda v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi v\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o t\u1eadp c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1eeda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p bao g\u1ed3m v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c\u201d, b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u00e0i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tham gia v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng ai s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t theo c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t khi t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m trung t\u00e2m ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. \u0110i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u1ea3, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

Trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1eabn nhau v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t k\u00ec trao \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea7m n\u00e0o hay v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 sau. Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. V\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u00e0y n\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 tham gia \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 con \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 cho ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n (domino) cho l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gay c\u1ea5n cho t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, v\u00ec d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u1ed1i y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eadp chung c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. M\u1ecdi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi t\u1eadp c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Trong khi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb t\u1eebng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1. Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u00a0\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Sau \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00e0y c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. Li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o n\u1ea3y sinh, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 truy nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia. Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia, \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t\u00a0 \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. \u0110i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed n\u00e0y c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u1ee5 th\u00eam.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 n\u0103m l\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y sang nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng k\u00eanh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 con.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Integration Testing<\/p>\n

Today, information systems such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relation Management (CRM) and Supply Chain Management (SCM are very large, inter-linked through a number of applications and platforms, and spread over different organizations. These large and complex systems must be designed and tested carefully. If this kind of systems is only being tests by the traditional method such as unit test, functional test, then it is impossible to determine whether the whole system will work well or not. Finding defects after the entire system is fully implemented will be very costly, especially because several organizations will have to be involved in the finding and fixing problems. An integration test is needed as its objective is to gain insight into the quality of the implementation of the entire system. By adding an integration test to the traditional set of tests, many risks could be identified and fixed.<\/p>\n

An integration test consists of several steps. The first step is determining a testing strategy. The purpose is to construct a \u201ccooperating testing approach\u201d, because there are often several organizations involved in the development of the total systems. Without a testing strategy, no one will be responsible for the entire systems, and there is a chance that systems will work well on their own but not in combination with other systems. Therefore, integration test is necessary to test the actual integration of the entire systems as an objective, and to make one central group responsible for testing. Another thing to consider in the strategy is that the functional working of systems should be proven before the start of the integration test. In this case the integration test can focus on testing the implementation of specifications and the testing of infrastructure. If this precondition is not met, the integration test is often become a mere functional test of the systems. It is also important that the scope for the integration test has to be clearly defined or else various unrelated things may be included in the integration test and make it more complex than it has to be.<\/p>\n

Communication on the integration test is important. The people involved often do not know each other as they are working at different organizations with different systems, It is important that everybody understand and get involved in integration test to avoid any miscommunication or any problem later on. In the ideal situation, a testing environment must be established, which is identical to the production environment and is dedicated to the integration. Often the various environments are just tied together, which causes an unreliable outcome of the test.<\/p>\n

The second step is about Planning. At this time a manager, responsible for the integration test must be assigned. This manager should make sure that all organizations involved must have one coordinator to work together to ensure the integration will work seamlessly. The integration manager has to know all the planning of the subsystems in order to setup the overall planning for the integration test. This integrated planning is mandatory. If one of the system is delayed, the sequence of the tests and priorities are affected, which causes a domino effect to the planning. This is especially critical for the integration, as a chain is just as strong as its weakest link. Thus, the planning for the integration test should be prepared including all dependencies and with enough time in case of delay.<\/p>\n

The third step is about set up test-cases. The expertise and experience of the people supporting the test should be used to develop a common set of test cases. All testers have to agree on the set of test-cases to ensure the entire system will be tested. During preparations there will be issues so testers must quickly find solution which may impact the processes of one of the systems. It is recommended that integration manager establish a forum where all representatives, one from each organization meet. Such a forum guarantees that everyone knows the status of the integration test and possible problems before testing start.<\/p>\n

The fourth step is to execute the integration test. This is a critical moment as it needs special attention. Because of the complexity of the test environment, it is important to perform an intake on the environment to make sure everything work perfectly. After that, testing can begin, and in these tests the traditional stages can be applied to the order of the tests. Regarding any issue that arises, integration issues have to be documented and accessible to involved parties. The moment of test execution must be carefully planned because of all the organizations involved, it is absolutely necessary to have support teams stand by, e.g. Infrastructure teams and developers to provide support. The last point of attention is that the version of the test object and the test infrastructure need to be checked because with this test both the software and the infrastructure are likely to be complex and needs extra attention.<\/p>\n

The fifth step is reporting the results. There are several ways of reporting from one group to others using appropriate channel. In complex information systems, the execution of integration test is the only way to ensure that the end result consists of all components from all subsystems.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng ti Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng Customer … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2898"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2899,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2898\/revisions\/2899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}