{"id":2883,"date":"2013-07-08T09:27:18","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T02:27:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2883"},"modified":"2013-07-08T09:27:18","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T02:27:18","slug":"quan-li-du-an-agile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2883","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Agile"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn t\u1ea1p trung theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn “v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed5\u201d. Khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p agile, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 g\u1ee3i \u00fd:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n agile \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf (3 t\u1edbi 9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi), \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf (8 t\u1edbi 20 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nhanh h\u01a1n. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 chia c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1edbi b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd KH\u00d4NG c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p agile. Qui t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u201cnhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n (Agile) n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo gi\u1edd.\u201d<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i l\u00fac. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i theo d\u00f5i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean trong chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian. Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ecd t\u1edbi l\u00fac cu\u1ed1i. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh hay \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t k\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 “l\u00e0m xong\u201d. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 “l\u00e0m xong” l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Qui t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u201cL\u00e0m xong l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.” \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ed7i. Khi b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, n\u00f3 KH\u00d4NG TH\u1ec2\u00a0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. V\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ngay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f4i khi, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 KH\u00d4NG th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m xong ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 n\u00ean l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xong nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Agile h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n hay \u0111\u1ec3 sang c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n agile th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c to\u00e0n th\u1ec3. Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn t\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn sang c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean. C\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00e1c tham gia v\u00e0o trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 tin r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n agile l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. V\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p agile, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean chia c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 xuy\u00ean qua ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng hay ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i l\u00fac, cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea7ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1edbm h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Thay v\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi gian, t\u00f4i th\u00edch d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1eb7p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ebf thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i l\u00fac, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch sang c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3 t\u1ed5 tham gia v\u00e0o \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u201cDelphi b\u0103ng r\u1ed9ng\u201d hay c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n th\u1ec3. Khi b\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng theo d\u00f5i m\u00ecnh, \u0111i theo m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n agile \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec (m\u00e3, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch). B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00fang cho ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Khi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00f3 t\u1edbi trong n\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Ai \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu agile l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n t\u1ed5, c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t \u201cC\u00f3\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p agile mang nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y k\u00e8m ch\u1ee9 KH\u00d4NG ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho t\u1ed5, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG ra l\u1ec7nh cho h\u1ecd, b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecd, b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG ch\u1ec9 huy h\u1ecd, b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG \u0111e do\u1ea1 h\u1ecd m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ecd, ai \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean h\u1ecd m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng \u0111i theo.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 \u00e1n agile th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 kh\u00f3. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u201cL\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cL\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p agile v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Managing an Agile Project<\/p>\n

Most project management trainings are focusing on larger project focusing on the \u201cWaterfall life cycle\u201d approach. As more companies are using agile method, project managers should be retrained to keep up with changing technology and method so they can be more effective. Following are some suggestions:<\/p>\n

Since most agile projects are small (3 to 9 people), it is important to keep project tasks small (8 to 20 hours) so team members can complete their tasks faster. Traditionally, project managers are trained to breakdown requirements into one to four week tasks; this will NOT work well with agile method. My rule is \u201clarger project task is estimated in week, smaller project task (Agile) should be estimated in hour\u201d.<\/p>\n

Because you have smaller task sizes, you should plan to accomplish certain milestone in just one week at a time. Project managers should track all works within that one week long so they know what they get done in a week. If they are not making good progress, this is a warning signs that the project may NOT be completed on time. Team member must track their progress, where they are at the beginning of the week and where they are at the end. Typically each should have several tasks to be completed within a week, if they did not finish they should reevaluate their works or their estimates.<\/p>\n

Any given task should have a definition of \u201cDone\u201d. Many software people still argue about what is \u201cdone\u201d. My rule is \u201cDone is ready to be released to users.” That means the code have to be done including all tests with no defect. When you finish something it must be completed, it CAN NOT be partially completed. Since it is ready to release, it must be fully tested so users can use it immediately. Of course, sometimes, a team member can NOT test their work until other people have done their parts. But team member should make their works done as much as they can.<\/p>\n

Traditionally, project managers assign tasks to team members and track them accordingly. Agile method focuses more on teamwork so project managers should work with the team to determine what should be done to complete a one week task or to the next milestone. For agile project to be successful, team members must be experienced enough so they can contribute to the overall. A team discussion on what can be done, what tasks should be done and what can be accomplished to get to the next milestone should be encouraged. The more discussion, the more team members participate in the project, the more confidence that the project will be complete on schedule.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Because agile projects are small, it is important to focus more on functionality than on the architecture. Traditionally in larger projects, project manager is organizing the work by architecture and many tasks are focusing on the architecture layer. For agile method, you should breakdown tasks across the architecture so you can finish a feature or a function at a time, even if you don’t finish the architectural layer. This approach may seem counter-intuitive to software theories, but I found it is faster and allows you to finish your product earlier.<\/p>\n

Instead of create a fully schedule ahead of time, I like to use an iterative approach by set up one week schedule at a time where team members participate to let me know what they can accomplish on that week. Once they’ve reached one milestone, it’s time to estimate and plan to get to the next one. A team participating on estimates the schedule is much better than an individual’s. I ask each team member to come up with their own estimate and use a \u201cWideband Delphi\u201d approach or an average approach to come up with the overall schedule. When you allow people to create their own estimates, they tend to track them, follow them, and try to make it complete successfully because their estimate is part of their works.<\/p>\n

Because agile projects are small, you must integrate works continuously, no matter what you are doing (code, tests, documentation, plans). You must have software configuration management people to help set up proper configuration and version for your software as works are constantly changing. When the latest version is checked in, and I know the state that it has in it and I do not have to think about it.<\/p>\n

Some people ask me, if agile is a teamwork activity do you really need a project manager? My answer is definitely \u201cYes\u201d. However, the role for project managers in agile method is more of a leader and mentor and NOT control as taught in most project management courses. The more you provide guidance and supporting the team, the more they will produce. The more you practice this collaboration approach, the more flexible you are as a project manager, which makes you a better manager. You do NOT order them, you do NOT direct them, you do NOT command them, you do NOT threaten them but you are their guidance, someone that they trust and someone that helping them to do their works. Basically, you are their leader and leader is NOT someone who has authority over them but someone that they are willing to follow.<\/p>\n

A successful agile project has two key factors: A leader as project manager and an experienced and disciplined team. Without these two factors, it would be difficult. My question is \u201cAs project manager, are you willing to change to become a better leader?\u201d and \u201cAs a team member, do you have enough experienced and disciplines to apply the agile method into your work?\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn t\u1ea1p trung theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn “v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi th\u00e1c … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2883","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2883"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2883\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2885,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2883\/revisions\/2885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2883"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2883"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2883"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}