{"id":2845,"date":"2013-07-08T08:56:58","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T01:56:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2845"},"modified":"2013-07-08T08:56:58","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T01:56:58","slug":"viec-lam-trong-khu-vuc-phat-trien-web","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2845","title":{"rendered":"Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t email t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi web tu\u1ef3 theo vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, m\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9.<\/p>\n

1) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean t\u1eadp Web: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0 HTML, Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch bi\u00ean t\u1eadp n\u1ed9i dung web v\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp blogs, Wiki v.v. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y ngh\u1ec1 hay ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 thu\u00ea lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

2) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Web: V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111a n\u0103ng n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thay v\u00ec k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong HTML, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1, Photoshop, Dreamweaver. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y ngh\u1ec1 hay ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 thu\u00ea lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef k\u1ecbch \u0111o\u1ea1n Web (PHP) v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. PHP v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

3) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1n n\u0103m. Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.\u00a0 K\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u bao g\u1ed3m tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia trong k\u0129 n\u0103ng HTML, PHP, CSS v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00e1y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 web cho c\u00f4ng ti. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh Dot.Net v\u00e0 Java v\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edch l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi PHP v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed to\u00e0n th\u1eddi v\u00ec n\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c. C\u1ea3 Java v\u00e0 DOT.NET \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o t\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 HTML, PHP, CSS v.v c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Web, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tu\u1ef3 theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u1edf tr\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u00e0y nay tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Jobs in web development area<\/p>\n

Last week I received an email from a student asking about jobs in web development area. Following is my answer:<\/p>\n

There are several web-related jobs depending on your roles, each with a particular skills requirements.<\/p>\n

1) Web Editor: This is the entry-level position that requires basic web development skills such as HTML, Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) some knowledge about graphic and some web content editing with\u00a0 knowledge of how to set up blogs, Wiki etc. This position does not require university degree, most people can obtain jobs with certificates from vocation schools or demonstrate skills with hiring employers.<\/p>\n

2) Web Designer: This general-purpose position requires more advanced knowledge on the design aspect rather than the basic skills, it also involves working as part of a design team with web developers. Designer should have some knowledge of development languages, skills in HTML, Graphic design, Photoshop, Dreamweaver. This position does not require university degree, most people can obtain jobs with certificates from vocation schools or demonstrate skills with hiring employers. For this job, Some companies may ask for knowledge and skill in Web scripting languages (PHP) since it is becoming more popular with larger companies. PHP is typically taught in universities but it is easy to learn it yourself.<\/p>\n

3) Web Developer: This is the position level that distinguish between a vocational training and people with four year degree. Even some companies do hire people without a degree but most job listings that I found do require bachelor degree.\u00a0 Required skills include expertise in HTML, PHP, CSS skills with moderate graphics experience, knowledge of server administration, moderate Database experience with the ability to manage a database and web server for the company. Most people graduated from university in addition, do have skills in Dot.Net and Java programming as these languages have a number of benefits over PHP as they are better in larger production environments and have better vendor support. From the salary point of view, this is really a full time position as it pay much more than others. Both Java and DOT.NET have significant advantages over other development languages because of the environment they are used in, and the applications they tend to be used for. Many Web developers could work as Software developers and participate in company\u2019s application development team.<\/p>\n

From a software development view, it is the knowledge of the languages and understand development frameworks that matters. There is no distinction between a software developer and a Web developer but web developer with subsidiary skills such as HTML, PHP, CSS etc could help employability because it tends to focus on the development aspect of the web. Of course, beyond development roles there are many other opportunities. Software developers with experiences could assume technical lead roles, software architect, or even advance into project manager. Software architect does require knowledge of database and hardware architecture and software modeling skills which are taught mostly in university.<\/p>\n

Software developer, Web developer, Technical Lead, and software architect vary greatly in terms of salary depend on experiences. But beside the basic skills listed above, the increase in the breadth of the skills required and the responsibilities correlates with an increase in salary. Today knowledge and skills determine the salary of workers and the more you know, the more you will make.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t email t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ki-nghe-phan-mem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2845"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2845\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2846,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2845\/revisions\/2846"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}