{"id":2834,"date":"2013-07-08T08:43:22","date_gmt":"2013-07-08T01:43:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2834"},"modified":"2013-07-08T08:43:22","modified_gmt":"2013-07-08T01:43:22","slug":"chuan-bi-cho-dai-hoc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2834","title":{"rendered":"Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 ba con s\u1ebd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1i g\u00ec cho ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho ch\u00fang? Xin th\u1ea7y l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean.”<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1p: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi con b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (STEM).\u00a0V\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c l\u1edbn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn, c\u1ea3 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 con b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o s\u1ebd kh\u1edbp nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ch\u00fang. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch con b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nhu c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (c\u1eed nh\u00e2n, th\u1ea1c s\u0129 hay ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v.v.) cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng cho con b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t khi ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd l\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho n\u00f3. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, nh\u00e0 c\u00e0ng cao, m\u00f3ng c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 sau. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho ch\u00fang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u00edch th\u00fa v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng cho ch\u00fang \u01b0u th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c khi h\u1ecd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng n\u00ean khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1edf mang t\u00e2m tr\u00ed ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tri th\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n m\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Ng\u00e0y nay Internet \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean th\u0103m d\u00f2 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn website d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn m\u1edf cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang – Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Stanford, Harvard, MIT, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1edbn m\u00e0 ch\u00fang n\u00ean truy nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed g\u00ec. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong ti\u1ebfng Anh. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng nghe c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong ti\u1ebfng Anh. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong m\u1ea1ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn sinh vi\u00ean hay ph\u00f2ng chat k\u0129 thu\u1eadt; ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111ang quan t\u00e2m trong khu v\u1ef1c STEM.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 nhau. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a con b\u1ea1n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 con b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi th\u0103m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n, c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho con b\u1ea1n. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean ghi danh v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd cho \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap con b\u1ea1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 xem li\u1ec7u sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 con b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n, hay gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n, bi\u1ebft ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong khu v\u1ef1c STEM nh\u01b0 k\u0129 s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, hay nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n y t\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi con b\u1ea1n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd d\u1ea1y cho ch\u00fang hay cho ch\u00fang l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 con b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng hay l\u00e0 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra h\u1ecd l\u00e0m g\u00ec, v\u00e0 xem li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang cho con b\u1ea1n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Preparing for college<\/p>\n

A mother wrote to me: \u201cI have three children that will go to college in the next few years. I want them to study something that has good future such as technology and science. What do I need to prepare them to pursue careers in these areas and how do I select a university that is best for them? Please advice.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Answer: Before your children go to university, there are several things that you can do to prepare them for careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).\u00a0Since this is a big area with many fields of study to chose, both you and your children need to determine which field would fit them best. You should encourage your children to read about career paths, employment trends, market needs, global needs, and local companies\u2019 needs, as well as what types of degree is required (Bachelor, Master or Ph.D etc.) for those positions and which universities offer these degrees. This will set the direction for your children about their future careers.<\/p>\n

Once they have some ideas on what to study, the next step would be to encourage them to learn as much as they can about the field that they have selected and to build a foundation for it. Just like building a house, the taller the house, the better its foundation must be, so they may need to take additional trainings in science and math to prepare for their studying later. By doing that, it will help them to determine if they really enjoy the subject or not. It also gives them advantage over others when they go to university.<\/p>\n

You should also encourage them to read as much as they can as reading is a skill that not many students have today. Reading opens their minds to new things, new concepts, and new ideas and builds a broader and deeper knowledge that will distinguish them from others. Today the Internet has help million of students to explore new technology subjects that may not be available in their schools. There are thousands of tutorial websites and trainings available that they can learn from. The Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) from top universities such as Stanford, Harvard, MIT, and others are great sources that they should access and learn without paying anything. Of course, they must know English as most of these courses are taught in English. This is also an opportunity for them to improve their listening skills in English. By participate in student online networks or technical chat rooms; they can keep in touch with other students who are also interested in STEM areas.<\/p>\n

Not all universities are the same. Many are good but some are not. Selecting a university is an important decision that can determine your children\u2019s future. Before selecting which university to attend, you and your children need to visit some of the universities, talk to school administrators, advisors, career counselors to learn more about their trainings, what they can offer for\u00a0your children. A better way is to talk with students who are enrolled in that field and ask their opinions on their career paths. Most students will give honest opinions about the school, the training and their advices could be valuable in helping your children to make decision. Another important factor is to see whether students graduating from that university are getting jobs in the field that your children want to study.<\/p>\n

If you, or your family, knows someone who works in STEM areas such as engineers, scientists, or medical professionals then have them talk to your children. Maybe they could mentor them or give them advices to their career. Regardless of whatever field your children choose, it is always a good idea to talk with people who are already working in the field to find out what they do, and see if it might be the right field for your children.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 vi\u1ebft cho t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 ba con s\u1ebd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0i n\u0103m t\u1edbi. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-phu-huynh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2834","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2834"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2835,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2834\/revisions\/2835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}