{"id":2809,"date":"2013-07-07T21:27:27","date_gmt":"2013-07-07T14:27:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2809"},"modified":"2013-07-07T21:27:27","modified_gmt":"2013-07-07T14:27:27","slug":"chat-luong-cua-nguoi-quan-li-du-an","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2809","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t email h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? T\u00f4i m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao?”<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0: T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u201c\u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea9m\u201d m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai mu\u1ed1n thu\u00ea b\u1ea1n. Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n C\u00d3 TH\u1ec2 L\u00c0M T\u1ed0T TH\u1ebe N\u00c0O vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. K\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch kh\u00eau g\u1ee3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m. Cho d\u00f9 t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thu th\u1eadp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u01b0u ti\u00ean ho\u00e1 ch\u00fang th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft k\u0129 thu\u1eadt r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi, l\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1? L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft? L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ki\u1ebft tr\u00fac r\u00f5, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro k\u0129 thu\u1eadt. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed r\u1ee7i ro, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 r\u1ee7i ro, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ed1t. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, b\u1ea1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t trong gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay kh\u00f4ng. Cho n\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t trong vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ed1t ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u; c\u00e1ch h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a; c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u1ee7i ro l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u; c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i; c\u00e1ch \u0111o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qui tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m; c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt trong m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u00fang. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. H\u1ecd t\u00ecm \u1edf b\u1ea1n vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecd v\u00e0 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra li\u00ean ho\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, sao b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n v\u1ed9i l\u00e0m g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n “t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t” trong n\u0103m n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201ckh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng\u201d h\u00f4m nay.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Qualify for project manager<\/p>\n

I received an email inquiring about what I wrote on the skill of Software Project Manager. The person wrote \u201cHow technical does a Project Manager have to be? I just graduated in Computer Science and completed a class on Project Management. Am I qualified to work as software project manager? If not why?<\/p>\n

My answer: I do not \u201cqualify\u201d people for their job, that is the job of whoever want to hire you. In my opinion, a degree in Computer Science only means that you have some technical backgrounds but without any work experience, it may not be a good idea to start your first job as software project manager. The issue is NOT about getting the manager job but HOW GOOD you CAN DO the job.<\/p>\n

A software project manager must know how to plan the project, estimate the efforts and the time needed to complete the project. This skill requires a lot of practices and many years of experiences. A project manager must understand requirements elicitation and analysis techniques, this skill also requires a lot of practices and experiences. Even if your team is gathering requirements with customers, you must know how well they do that and how thorough they are in prioritize them. As the project manager, you needs to understand the technical solution that your team will employ to solve problems. If you don\u2019t know the technical very well, how do you know that it can solve the problem? How can you know when the problem is solved? As the project manager, you must be familiar with the system architecture that your team is working on, if you don\u2019t know the architecture well, you can\u2019t understand the technical risks. Without knowing the risks, you can not prevent them from happening. Project management is risk management, if you can not mitigate the risk, you can not manage the project well. As the project manager, you must have knowledge of the design, but without understanding the architecture, you don\u2019t even know what questions to ask about the design. Without thoroughly review the design, you do not know whether your team has done a good job in solving the problem or not. So everything may end up in coding, since you have a Computer Science degree, you know something about coding but if the architect and design are not very good, do you think coding can solve the problem?<\/p>\n

Basically, a good software project manager must understand how the team gather and rank requirements; how to ask if the design is done; how to evaluate technical risks as well as schedule risks; how to set up a configuration management system to manage changes; how to effectively measure process quality, product quality; how to monitor and tracking progress. The project manager must know how to conduct reviews to ensure the quality of the project. There are many technical issues in every software project which require a strong technical skills and experiences to manage them. In addition, you must demonstrate your skills to the project team. They are looking for you to give them direction, to lead them and help them to accomplish their works accordingly. As their leader, you should be able to organize all activities of the project so that they can happen seamlessly.<\/p>\n

As a recently graduates, why do you need to hurry? You have a lot of time to learn and you need to let time helps you to build your skills and knowledge. I rather see that you become the \u201cBest\u201d software project manager five years from now than become a \u201cPathetic\u201d project manager today.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t email h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2809"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2810,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2809\/revisions\/2810"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}