{"id":2753,"date":"2013-07-07T19:19:06","date_gmt":"2013-07-07T12:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2753"},"modified":"2013-07-07T19:19:06","modified_gmt":"2013-07-07T12:19:06","slug":"quan-li-dich-vu-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2753","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng “h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p” sang ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng “th\u1ef1c thi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c” n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 n\u01a1i nhanh h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng c\u0169, v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi trong l\u00e0m kinh doanh.\u00a0Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 cho sinh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ng\u00e0y nay, doanh nghi\u1ec7p mong \u0111\u1ee3i r\u1eb1ng C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin:<\/span><\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c qua vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 “h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i” \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c qui tr\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u00e1n s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng – Commercial-of-the Shelves (COTS) thay v\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chuy\u1ec3n giao ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 “d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5” v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng sinh l\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 G\u1eafn m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng CNTT chuy\u1ec3n giao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u1ea3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n CNTT \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho kinh doanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, \u201cthu\u00ea\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cmua\u201d hay \u201cd\u1ef1ng\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng ti gi\u1ea3m chi ti\u00eau v\u1ed1n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn kinh doanh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng CNTT. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong khu v\u1ef1c \u201cPh\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5” Software as a Service (SaaS) nh\u01b0 \u201c\u1ea2o ho\u00e1\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cT\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00e2y\u201d. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c CNTT trong nh\u00e0 sang nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p SaaS, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 tri th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ERP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u \u201cchi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c\u201d cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng COTS c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e1 m\u1ecdi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00f5i\u201d. Nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c m\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 Java hay .Net thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 COTS \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. SaaS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m trong nh\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng COTS kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Xem nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti \u0111ang thu\u00ea nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 “qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5” thay v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 “x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m”. Thay v\u00ec \u201cd\u1ef1ng hay mua\u201d c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti “thu\u00ea” ch\u00fang t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p SaaS cho n\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT l\u00e0 “vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng”. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o “kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n” ch\u1ee9 KH\u00d4NG v\u00e0o “kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed” v\u00e0 “s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m” v\u1eabn l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee9 KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5”. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1edbm, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CNTT.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Managing services<\/p>\n

The financial crisis has forced many companies to shift their Information Technology (IT) organizations from a \u201cBusiness-supporting\u201d function to a \u201cStrategic-execution\u201d function where every business activity is enabled by technology and every technology decision is based on a business need. The reason is the competitive pressure of a globalized market where faster, better and cheaper are the key factors and meeting customers\u2019 demands, updating old systems, and define better processes to increase efficiency are the new way of doing business.\u00a0Therefore, it is very important for students to understand this shift in the industry. Today, business expects that Information Technology to:<\/p>\n

1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Facilitate more collaboration using a \u201csocially oriented\u201d technology to connect developers and users so they can exchange information quickly.<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Organize data into information so decision makers can take actions quickly.<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Simplify business processes using Commercial-of-the Shelves (COTS) products instead of building software in-house.<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Deliver software as a \u201cservices\u201d as they are more profitable than as products.<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tie every technology decision to business goals to ensure that IT delivers values to the business.<\/p>\n

Each of these above represents both a challenge and an opportunity. First, most companies are reducing operating costs to stay competitive but at the same time they need IT to make their business more effective. Under these circumstances, \u201cRenting\u201d instead of \u201cbuying\u201d or \u201cBuilding\u201d is better because it allows companies to reduce capital expenditure but still allow them to improve their businesses using IT. This explains why we are seeing rapid growth in the area of \u201cSoftware as a Service\u201d (SaaS) such as \u201cVirtualization\u201d and \u201cCloud Computing\u201d. These services allow the transfer of responsibility from in-house IT organization to the SaaS vendors, which has both the expertise and large scale to meet customers\u2019 needs.<\/p>\n

Anyone who has gone through the upgrading a customized ERP system would understands the \u201cTrue Cost\u201d for customizing their COTS system. Software as a Service offers a better alternative because it forces developers to customize all applications outside the \u201ccore system\u201d. These customizations can be developed in standard object oriented code such as Java or .Net rather than rely on specific COTS tools sets. SaaS are built to be used as services so they are much easier to integrate with in-house applications as well as other COTS applications.<\/p>\n

As a result, more companies are hiring Information Systems managers to \u201cmanage services\u201d rather than software developers to \u201cbuild products\u201d. Instead of \u201cbuild or buy\u201d new applications such as unified communications, collaboration tools, companies \u201cRent\u201d them from SaaS vendors so today managing IT services is the \u201cHot job\u201d. However, most universities are still focusing on the \u201cDevelopment aspect\u201d NOT the \u201cManagement aspect\u201d and \u201cProduct\u201d is still the main focus NOT \u201cService\u201d. Unless this view change soon, we will see a shortage of skilled people in the managing IT service area.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (CNTT) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xu-huong-toan-cau","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2753","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2753"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2753\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2754,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2753\/revisions\/2754"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2753"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2753"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}