{"id":2750,"date":"2013-07-07T19:16:23","date_gmt":"2013-07-07T12:16:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2750"},"modified":"2013-07-07T19:16:23","modified_gmt":"2013-07-07T12:16:23","slug":"psp-va-tsp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2750","title":{"rendered":"PSP v\u00e0 TSP"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n – Personal Software Process (PSP) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ecdi pha c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e3, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111o nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t cao. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn PSP d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1eebng k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t qui tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ed5 – Team Software Process (TSP) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho “t\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m PSP” \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. TSP b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho t\u1ed5 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed5 tu\u00e2n theo k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 v\u1eabn qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng TSP gi\u00fap t\u1eebng k\u0129 s\u01b0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

TSP d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c phi\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201ckhai tr\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edt l\u1ed7i h\u01a1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u1ed7i t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1eaft b\u1ecf l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n

Khai tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u TSP \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec9nh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft bao qu\u00e1t ba th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7c khai tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9 sau ba th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft cho qu\u00ed ti\u1ebfp hay b\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u00a0 Phi\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft s\u1edbm m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. TSP y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. T\u1eebng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho t\u1ed5. Qui tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 cho s\u1ee9c \u00e9p ngang quy\u1ec1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

PSP v\u00e0 TSP n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat b\u1edbt chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn “d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean” n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng l\u1ecbch bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. V\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3, c\u1ea3 PSP v\u00e0 TSP \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c v\u00ec ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf cho thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 b\u00ean trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qua ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n PSP v\u00e0 TSP l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a\u00a0 c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. \u00a0PSP v\u00e0 TSP KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f3 h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi trong c\u00e1c k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1nh, PSP v\u00e0 TSP l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 qui tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i tin PSP v\u00e0 TSP n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y s\u1edbm trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m khi sinh vi\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh thay v\u00ec mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen c\u0169 kh\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

PSP and TSP<\/p>\n

The Personal Software Process (PSP) is a method for individual software engineer to improve their development skills in building quality products. It applies to all phases of software development lifecycles such as requirements definition, architecture design, code development, and documentation. By following a rigorous disciplines and measurements, engineer can producing very high quality software products. The PSP approach is based on each software engineer follows a defined process, measure his own works and observing his own performance. By looking at his own data motivates him to change the way he works.<\/p>\n

The Team Software Process (TSP) is a method that enables \u201cPSP software teams\u201d to build software products more effectively. TSP adds a project management disciplines to help the team plan the works and schedules. This requires the team to follow a strict discipline to collaborate with each others on project activities. The Engineers still manage their own works and take ownership of their own plans but TSP helps each engineer to become an effective team members.<\/p>\n

TSP uses team based planning sessions called \u201claunches\u201d to put the detailed project plans in place. Team based planning has advantages as several members working together will create a more accurate plan than one project manager working alone. Team based activities will also identify more detailed tasks with more dependencies than a single person working in isolation, and the overall tasks will have less errors because errors from multiple uncorrelated activities tend to cancel each others out.<\/p>\n

The TSP initial launch puts a top-level plan in place for the entire project and a detailed plan covering the next three months.\u00a0 Re-launches are performed every three months to create the detailed plan for the next quarter or whenever things change so much that the existing plan is no longer applicable.\u00a0 The incremental planning session prevents the problem of creating a detailed project plan early that may change during the course of the project. TSP requires a weekly meeting to discuss progress among team members. Each member tracks his or her own status for the week and report to the team. The process is designed so that peer pressure becomes a powerful force in motivate better performance.<\/p>\n

PSP and TSP should be combined in the software development process to reduce development cost, increase productivity and quality. The key factor is the \u201cbottoms up\u201d approach where software engineers are responsible for their own tasks and schedules instead of relying on the project manager to assign schedule and tasks to team members. Overall, both PSP and TSP have advantage over other techniques as they provides a mechanism for behavior and cultural change within software organization through its rigorous training program.<\/p>\n

The most difficult in implement PSP and TSP is the attitude and disciplines of both software engineers and managers. \u00a0PSP and TSP are NOT difficult techniques to learn, they are NOT complex as many people thought but they do requires behavior change among software engineers. Unless management is very serious and strongly support, PSP and TSP are difficult to implement in an software organization where it already have an existing process and people are reluctant to change.<\/p>\n

In my own opinion, I believe PSP and TSP should be taught early in the software engineering program when students begin to learn programming rather than later as bad behavior and old habit are difficult to change.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qui tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n – Personal Software Process (PSP) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2750","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-du-an"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2750","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2750"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2750\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2752,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2750\/revisions\/2752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2750"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2750"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2750"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}