{"id":273,"date":"2013-06-18T08:17:48","date_gmt":"2013-06-18T01:17:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=273"},"modified":"2013-06-21T11:03:20","modified_gmt":"2013-06-21T04:03:20","slug":"nan-giao-duc-qua-muc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=273","title":{"rendered":"N\u1ea1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 “gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c” \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. \u0110a s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c b\u1eadc ph\u1ee5 huynh ch\u00e2u \u00c1 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hay ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi\u1ebft: \u201cTheo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng m\u1ecdi gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n con em h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 con trai c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft\u00a0 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc cao, c\u00e0ng \u00edt c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. C\u1ea3m t\u00ednh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf n\u01a1i ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti \u01b0a th\u00edch thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ho\u00e1 trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ch\u1ec9 thu\u00ea h\u1ecd khi c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. B\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m chung. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi thu\u00ea nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc hay ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kh\u00f4ng thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p “\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c” v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf n\u00f3i th\u00eam: \u201cTrong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u khi h\u1ecd t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 60 t\u1edbi 65. Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i 70 hay 80 tu\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng “gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 gi\u00e0” do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 m\u1edf ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 tr\u1ebb t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1ea1n d\u00e0nh 10 t\u1edbi 12 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 8 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i hay g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p cao l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 k\u00e9m.\u201d K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u0103m 2012, ch\u1ec9 ra l\u01b0\u01a1ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi 8 t\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n “gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.” N\u0103m ngo\u00e1i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3i: “Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 t\u00fa t\u00e0i ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. \u00cdt vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc 2 n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u00edt h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n. V\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o n\u01a1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng.”<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf vi\u1ebft: \u201cTi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. \u0110i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m. Trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m qua, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch thanh ni\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o cho xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t t\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao h\u01a1n. V\u00ec c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng hay \u00edt h\u01a1n n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u00eap \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc “\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u” cho nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1edbi n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ph\u00ed ho\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c thanh ni\u00ean t\u0103ng l\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf.\u201d<\/p>\n

Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y, \u201cgi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c\u201d l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n trong b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kinh doanh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n, th\u01b0 k\u00ed ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m. Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u cao c\u1ea5p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u00e2n, v\u00e0 th\u01b0 k\u00ed v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u00f3i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng khi h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cH\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0103n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng xa hoa cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u.\u201d M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1p Ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng b\u1edfi h\u1ecd tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecd n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cao.”<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00ec c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. Th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 sinh m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra \u1edf Harbin v\u1edbi 457 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 sinh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn 7,186 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 82% l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 29% c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trung b\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean l\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi mong \u0111\u1ee3i, theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y. T\u1edf b\u00e1o n\u00e0y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c chung cu\u1ed9c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c l\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf; l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi lan tr\u00e0n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea9y c\u00f2 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1ed9i \u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh trong thanh ni\u00ean. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u n\u01a1i thanh ni\u00ean bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng \u1edf Hi L\u1ea1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 Italy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Over education issue<\/p>\n

According to a global economic report, there is an issue called \u201cOver-education\u201d that becoming common in developing countries which may prevent career development of many potential students. The term \u201cover-education\u201d means workers\u2019 education level is above what their job requires.<\/p>\n

The trend is getting worse because of an increase number of universities and the imbalanced job market in these countries. The majority of problems happen in Asia because of its culture that encourages higher education. Asian parents are willing to support their children to achieve the highest degree possible without understand job market or career development of their children.<\/p>\n

A Chinese educator wrote: \u201cTraditionally every family wants their children, especially their sons to get the highest degree possible such as Ph.D without knowing that the higher they go, the less chance they can get job. This sentiment is rooted in imperial time where the emperor selected persons with highest degree to the best positions possible. Today, things have changed. Most companies prefer to hire workers with bachelor\u2019s degrees because they have the knowledge and skills that are easily trained to meet company\u2019s needs. Graduates with Master degree are usually specializing in a particular area so companies only hire them when there are special needs. Higher degree such as Ph.D or doctorate are mostly trained to conduct research and not suitable for general jobs. Only universities and research laboratories would hire these graduates for teaching or conduct research, most companies do not hire graduates with Ph.D degree. That is why we have a large number of \u201cover educated\u201d graduates with Ph.D degrees but could not find job.\u201d<\/p>\n

An economist added: \u201cIn the industry, most workers retire when they reach 60 to 65 years old. However, college professors usually do not retire, many work until they are in late 70s or 80s. Universities are full of these \u201cold professors\u201d therefore there is no opening for young Ph.D graduates looking for teaching jobs. From the investment view, college professor get paid much less than people who work in the industry. You spend 10 to 12 years to get the highest degree but during that time a worker with a bachelor\u2019s degree and 8 years of experience could make twice or three times the salary. That is why higher degree is a bad investment.\u201d His conclusion was based on a report on the job market in 2012, which showed the average salary of people with Ph.D degree in university and workers in the Information technology with 8 to 10 years of experience.<\/p>\n

China is the country that suffers most from the \u201cover education\u201d issue. Last year Chinese government reported that a majority of college graduates said that they were working in jobs that did not require college education. A government officer said: “At present, educational requirements for most jobs in China are high school diploma. Few jobs do ask for junior college degree (2 year) and much fewer at bachelor’s degree. For advanced degrees such as MS and Ph.D, there is little opportunity because we have been focusing in manufacturing jobs where most workers are high school graduates.”<\/p>\n

An economist wrote: \u201cProgress in Education and economic development should be planned carefully. What happened in China is a very bad planning. In the past ten years, Government encouraged young people to go to college by increase numbers of university and enrollments but at the same time government only focused on development the manufacturing sectors for export without considered other sectors to create higher education jobs. Since factory workers only need a high school education or less many college graduates are \u201cover-educated\u201d for these jobs. Currently China has forty to fifty million college graduates without suitable jobs and many are working in factory with minimum salary. That is a waste of talents and a waste of education investment. As unemployment among young people increases, it could have a devastating effect on government and economic stability.\u201d<\/p>\n

According to the report, \u201cOver-education\u201d is common among jobs in the banking, finance and insurance industries where college graduates with bachelor\u2019s degree in business administration degree are often work as Bank tellers, Bank clerks, Financial loan officers, or Insurance sale people. Many college graduated women work as sale person for high-end brand clothing stores, receptionists, and office secretaries. A foreign manager said most international clothing stores prefer to hire university graduates as salespeople because they can speak foreign languages but when inquire about salary, he smiled: \u201cThey have a chance to dress nicely and work in luxury stores so they do not ask for much.\u201d Another French clothing store manager explained: \u201cWe hire salespeople because they look good and train them to talk to our customers who are highly educated.”<\/p>\n

When some women can at least find jobs, many men were having difficulty finding jobs as competition is fierce. Last October, a Chinese newspaper have an article about a new sanitation factory opened in Harbin with 457 sanitation jobs but attracted 7,186 candidates where 82% were college educated and 29% had Master degrees. The average education level among candidates was much higher than expected, according to the reports. The newspaper concluded as \u201cShameful situation.\u201d<\/p>\n

Most economic analysts agreed that over-education will ultimately have a negative impact on the economy; the waste of educational resources could lead to widespread youth discontent and could trigger more social problems, crimes and violence among young people. An analyst warned: \u201cWhat we are seeing today in Europe where young people demonstrate for months in Greece, Spain, and Italy could also happen in China and other Asian countries too. Just a matter of time as the number of unemployed college graduates continues to increase and reach a boiling point.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Theo m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 “gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c” \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,28,18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-giao-vien","category-loi-khuyen-cho-phu-huynh","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/273","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=273"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":610,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/273\/revisions\/610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=273"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=273"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}