{"id":2720,"date":"2013-07-06T20:50:52","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T13:50:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2720"},"modified":"2013-07-06T20:50:52","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T13:50:52","slug":"ki-nang-duoc-can","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2720","title":{"rendered":"K\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i g\u1eb7p Steve Smith tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay t\u1eeb Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i t\u1edbi San Francisco. Steve l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 thu\u00ea k\u0129 s\u01b0 t\u1eeb h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i cho c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a M\u0129. Anh \u1ea5y b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1ed7i n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf M\u0129 cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00ecm h\u1ecd \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi M\u0129. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang cho c\u00f4ng ti t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi anh \u1ea5y: \u201cAnh tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn h\u1ecd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Anh t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o?\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cQui tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00e1ch quan. Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00e1ch quan ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1c “k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m” nh\u01b0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, cam k\u1ebft, t\u00ednh th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft. K\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0ng \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thu\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd KH\u00d4NG th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t trong t\u1ed5 cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 thu\u00ea sinh vi\u00ean t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cLo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o anh \u0111ang t\u00ecm? Anh c\u00f3 xem x\u00e9t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: “Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 thu\u00ea c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n hay b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng thu\u00ea nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1ng ho\u00e0i nghi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c g\u00ec v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i trong c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi hay mua ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cAnh ch\u1ecdn sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? K\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ee7a anh?\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5 b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cNhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee1 th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh hay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 (PowerPoint, World, Excel v.v). \u0110\u00e2y KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mong \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang r\u1ed3i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. V\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1eeb quan ni\u1ec7m t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cV\u1eady l\u00e0m sao anh ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y c\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 t\u1ed1t bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00f3 t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 s\u1ebd coi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 hay m\u00f4 \u0111un. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 s\u00e0i s\u1ebd nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t t\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec v\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh \u1ea5y: \u201cNhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u: \u201cC\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1edfi v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00e3. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Khi sinh vi\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t trong k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng may nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o d\u1ea1y l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng KH\u00d4NG c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi b\u1ed1n n\u0103m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.”<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i bi\u1ec7n minh: \u201cNh\u01b0ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9\u201d<\/p>\n

Anh \u1ea5y b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: \u201cNh\u01b0 \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y, ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u1edf hay \u1edf \u201cth\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Dot.Net\u201d h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ngh\u00ecn th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ng\u00e0y nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u00e1n s\u1eb5n \u201cCommercial Off-the-Shelf products\u201d (COTS) n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua ch\u00fang, thu\u00ea ch\u00fang thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m ch\u00fang. K\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e1 COTS, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, an ninh m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. M\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trong khu v\u1ef1c k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4i cho \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb b\u00f9n cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m g\u1ea1ch. Ng\u00e0y nay g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y g\u1ea1ch cho n\u00ean \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m g\u1ea1ch. \u00d4ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u0103m nom t\u1edbi b\u00f9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m g\u1ea1ch th\u00eam n\u1eefa. C\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u00f4ng ti c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Kh\u00f4ng may l\u00e0 v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng KH\u00d4NG c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111i kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.”<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Blog288- The needed skills<\/p>\n

I met Steve Smith on an airplane from Shanghai to San Francisco. Steve is the Human Resource manager responsible for hiring engineers from oversea for a large U.S software company. He told me:<\/p>\n

\u201cWe need thousand of software engineers each year but can find only few hundred in the U.S so I have to travel to find them from oversea, mostly in India and China. This is not easy because these education systems are differ from the U.S. \u00a0Even in the same country, the differences among universities make it very difficult for me to find the right people for my company\u201d.<\/p>\n

I asked him: \u201cHow do you select them? What skills are you looking for?\u201d<\/p>\n

He told me: \u201cThe process of selection is based on some attributes and objective criteria. The main objective criteria are: Qualifications based on degrees, training programs and the experience of students. I also looking for \u201csoft skills\u201d such as communication, attitude, commitment, adaptability and assertiveness. Soft skills are important but few schools in Asia teach them. In the past, we hired many good technical people but they can NOT work well in teams so we have to let them go. We are evaluating training programs from universities and only hire students from places that have programs that meet our needs\u201d.<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cWhat kind of degree are you looking for? Would you consider a certificate also?\u201d<\/p>\n

He explained:\u201d We only hire college graduates from well-established universities. We are looking for people with Bachelor degree or Master degree in computer science, software engineering, information system management. We do not hire people with vocational certification. There are many types of certificate but most are issued by dubious vocational schools, there is no enforcement on these certification, people can cheat on exams or buy a certificate. We concluded that certification is not a guarantee for the skills that we seek\u201d.<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cHow do you select graduates from universities? What skills are important to your company?\u201d<\/p>\n

He told me: \u201cMany students emphasized on low-caliber skills such as specific programming languages or a particular tools (PowerPoint, World, Excel etc.). these are NOT essential skills. We expect any computing graduates must know them already. A skilled software engineer should know how to solve problems and how to work with customers and users. They should know how to architect and design a small system, implement and test a software product. Overall, they must understand everything in the software development life cycle from conception to solution. The major problem we found in Asia is so many schools are still fixing on teaching programming languages\u201d.<\/p>\n

I asked: \u201cSo how do you distinguish a good software graduates from a not so good graduates?\u201d<\/p>\n

He laughed: \u201cThat is my expertise. A good engineer know how to view the overall task as an engineering discipline and approach it from the life cycle view. An amateur will consider the task as a piece of work and approach it as code or a module. A good engineer places emphasis on the architectural solutions with a balanced approach to risk but a poorly trained engineer would jump into the technical detail of coding without even consider customer or users and have no idea about the project risk\u201d.<\/p>\n

I told him: \u201cMany managers are only concerning with coding and if you do not code, you are not good\u201d.<\/p>\n

He shook his head: \u201cThere are millions of people who can code but we are not looking for programmers. Today most software company like us are looking for software engineer because software is NOT code. Software is a solution that can provide value to the business. When students receives good education in software engineering which is a discipline and an approach to a solution they know how to solve problem. Coding is only a small part of their works. They know how to get requirements, know how to approach problems, and know how to balance several viewpoints before even start to design the solution. The gap between software engineer and a programmers is very large but unfortunately many schools are still focusing on teaching programming. You do NOT need four years in college just to learn programming.<\/p>\n

I argued: \u201cBut the world still need programmers\u201d<\/p>\n

He told me: \u201cAs you know, today most things that can be coded already been done. You can look at the open source library or at the \u201cDot.Net library\u201d they have thousand of things already been made and tools to assemble them into software products. Today, most software are \u201cCommercial Off-the-Shelf products\u201d (COTS) where company can buy them, rent them instead of make them. The needed skills today are the knowledge on customize COTS, assemble reuse software parts from a library, and organize them into software solutions. That is why we need people with the skills in requirements engineering, system architecture, design and integration, network security and not programmers. These are higher skills than coding or testing. Every graduated students in software engineering area know how to code, but they also know more of these needed skills and that is why a college degree is the minimum requirements.<\/p>\n

Let me give you an example, in the old day people build house from bricks that are made from mud so they need people with the skill of how to make brick. Today brick are already been made in brick factory so you can build house without knowledge on how to make brick. You need architect and workers to build house with brick but you are no longer care about mud and how to make brick anymore. The same is happening with software, company needs different skills of workers to build software products. Unfortunately, because many schools are NOT updating their training programs, the world has so many programmers but not enough software engineers. That is why I have to travel all over the world to find these skilled people.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i g\u1eb7p Steve Smith tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay t\u1eeb Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i t\u1edbi San Francisco. Steve l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 thu\u00ea k\u0129 s\u01b0 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-quan-li-he-thong-tin","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2720"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2721,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2720\/revisions\/2721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}