{"id":2712,"date":"2013-07-06T20:44:33","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T13:44:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2712"},"modified":"2013-07-06T20:44:33","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T13:44:33","slug":"dao-tao-va-hoc-tap-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2712","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp"},"content":{"rendered":"

Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng then ch\u1ed1t cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n theo t\u1ed5. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed gi\u1ecfi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o li\u00ean t\u1ee5c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, g\u00e2y h\u1ee9ng kh\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u00e2m th\u1ebf h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho t\u1ed5, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi cho t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 \u1edf t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp b\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi phong c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khi ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp gi\u00f3ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4n c\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a tranh c\u00e3i nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o “ma” m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u00ec ki\u1ec3m tra theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, khi xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho t\u1ed5 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u0103ng tuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb k\u0129 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n, b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u00e0i n\u00f3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. Tu\u1ef3 theo h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay v\u1ec1 v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi t\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p tri th\u1ee9c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. S\u00e1ch, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed, blogs v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1edbn. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u00ean internet, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 website n\u00e0o c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0i website h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn cho c\u00f4ng ti v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00fang tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Th\u00fac b\u1ea9y tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed n\u00ean th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c phi\u00ean h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u01a1i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p cao c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho t\u1ed5 hay khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch “\u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u00e9o” gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 n\u01a1i h\u1ecd chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ti. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi n\u00e0o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang tr\u00ean “c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m” tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00fang cho c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng ti. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed c\u0169ng n\u00ean h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean, hay th\u1ea7y k\u00e8m \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb tri th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 b\u1edfi v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng lan to\u1ea3 t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Training and Learning<\/p>\n

The key success factor to any software company is to have a high performing team of individuals who are passionate and knowledgeable about their professions. To establish such a team, managers must focus on the training and learning of individuals on the teams. Good managers always advocate for trainings and obtain appropriate budget to support team development.<\/p>\n

The software industry is constantly changing so it is critical to keep developers up to date on their skills. Continuous training encourages an awareness of industry trends, provides a focus on high quality, inspires personal growth, and advances the knowledge of developers. Software managers must establish a continuous learning mindset for teams, and more importantly instill a lifelong learning attitude for every individual. Of course, it is up to each individual to take responsibility for their professional development but it is important for managers to offer learning opportunities whenever possible to accommodate learning styles of individuals. There are several learning opportunities such as:<\/p>\n

Special skill training courses offer good learning opportunities but it usually comes with high costs. It is important for manager to be selective when choosing training courses and they must choose courses with learning outcomes that are aligned with the team’s goals and the skill needs of team members. It is also important to focus on courses that emphasizes hands on, practical learning as the retention rate will be much higher.<\/p>\n

Certification programs are another valuable learning opportunity. There are numerous certification programs to choose from but the value has been a highly debated topic in software industry. There are many \u201cbogus\u201d training organizations with easy to obtain certifications, either by quick reviews to ensure developers will pass required tests or for a fee, developers can buy certificates without even learning anything. As with all learning opportunities, when considering a certification programs, managers need to check the learning goals and assess how effectively the program will assist their teams in meeting those needs before enrolling.<\/p>\n

Technical conferences are excellent learning opportunities. Many provide a range of workshops, tutorials, presentations and keynote speakers. Depending on the conference, you may want to send a few people to attend and take notes so they can come back and share with the team.<\/p>\n

There are also many sources that can provide significant technical knowledge. Books, magazines, blogs and forums are great resources. With so many on the internet, it can be helpful for managers to get recommendations on which websites has the most value. Managers should select few websites that are appeal to the company and encourage the team to read them on a weekly basis and discuss what they have learned with their teams as another learning opportunity.<\/p>\n

Leveraging the knowledge and skills of your technical team is another option. Manager should promote learning sessions where a senior team member can provide training opportunities for the team or encourage \u201ccross training\u201d between team members where they share their specialized skills with each others.<\/p>\n

It is important for managers to understand the company\u2019s skill needs. Before apply any new concept, method, approach, managers must identify pilot projects to incorporate them on a \u201ctrial basis\u201d before adopt them for the company. Managers should also act as teachers, coaches, or mentors to share their knowledge, skills and passion for their team members because enthusiasm is energy that easily spreads from one person to the next.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng then ch\u1ed1t cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00f4ng ti ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loi-khuyen-cho-sinh-vien","category-nha-doanh-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2712","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2712"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2712\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2714,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2712\/revisions\/2714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}