{"id":2684,"date":"2013-07-06T18:18:04","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T11:18:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2684"},"modified":"2013-07-06T18:18:04","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T11:18:04","slug":"ngon-ngu-lap-trinh-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2684","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o? T\u00f4i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh hay ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u00f4i?” T\u00f4i b\u1ea3o anh ta: \u201cKh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef cho t\u1ed1t, s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t n\u00ean th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u00f9ng tri th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 C, C++ v\u00e0 Java nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang KH\u00d4NG ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebft hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i C l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft. C c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 “h\u1ee3p ng\u1eef”, v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u01a1i ra m\u00e1y ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o v\u00ec t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m cho m\u1ecdi c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch l\u00e0m d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 h\u1ee3p ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra, l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o cho hi\u1ec3u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

C++ th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: bao b\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 che gi\u1ea5u th\u00f4ng tin qua d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n private, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u1ea3o v\u00e0 l\u1edbp suy d\u1eabn. C++ c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Java l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng Java gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. B\u1eb1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Java, sinh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh song h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh vi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i tin ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho M\u1eccI ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. B\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG th\u1ec3 \u0111i xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, hay k\u1ebf to\u00e1n vi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG hi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u0129 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n KH\u00d4NG bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u00edt nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Programming language<\/p>\n

A first year student asked me: \u201cWhich programming language that I should learn? Should I learn all programming languages or only a few? I told him: \u201cNo one can learn all programming languages as there are so many. However, If you learn one programming language well, it would be easier to learn another. I believe a good programmer should be comfortable with a number of different languages and that the programmer must be able to use the fundamental knowledge of one language and apply to another relatively quickly. Today most schools are teaching C, C++ and Java as the fundamental programming languages to their students. Of course, there are much more programming languages but they are NOT popular or widely used in the software industry.<\/p>\n

If you ask for my personal opinion, I would say C is the language that everyone must know. C can be seen as an \u201cassembly language\u201d, as it exposes the underlying hardware machine and forces the student to understand clearly the relationship between software and hardware. Performance in C language is excellent because the cost of every software statement is clear. Finally, compilers make it easy to examine the generated assembly code, which is an excellent tool for understanding machine language and architecture.<\/p>\n

C++ is actually the fundamental concepts of modern software engineering and object-oriented approach: encapsulation with classes and information hiding through protected and private data and operations, programming by extension through virtual methods and derived classes. C++ also make storage management such as an easy task.<\/p>\n

Java is a popular language, especially to the people who build web applications. I think that Java has an important role to play in all software engineering and computer science programs. By study Java, students will know more about concurrent programming and understand that a program can be instrumented to examine its own state and to determine its own behavior in a dynamically changing environment.<\/p>\n

I believe programming language is the foundation of ALL information technology programs. You can NOT go far if you do NOT mastering at least one programming language. Every jobs in information technology field require a knowledge and skills in programming language. If you cannot be a mathematician, a financier, or an accountant if you do NOT understand arithmetic then you also cannot be a software engineer, a software developer, or an information system manager if you do NOT know how to program at least one programming language.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: \u201cT\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o? T\u00f4i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-khoa-hoc-may-tinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2684"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2684\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2685,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2684\/revisions\/2685"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}