{"id":2560,"date":"2013-07-06T16:00:59","date_gmt":"2013-07-06T09:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2560"},"modified":"2013-07-06T16:00:59","modified_gmt":"2013-07-06T09:00:59","slug":"rui-ro-chinh-o-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/?p=2560","title":{"rendered":"R\u1ee7i ro ch\u00ednh \u1edf M\u0129"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c ghi danh c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf M\u0129 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 suy gi\u1ea3m nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u1ee7. Theo C\u01a1 quan d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a L\u1ea7u n\u0103m g\u00f3c M\u0129 U.S Pentagon\u2019s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t ra r\u1ee7i ro nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho M\u0129.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea7u n\u0103m g\u00f3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, k\u0129 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Theo DARPA, ghi danh l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ee5t xu\u1ed1ng 43 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u0103m 2003 v\u00e0 2008 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG TH\u1ec2 CH\u1ea4P NH\u1eacN \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 M\u0129. Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u0129 t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh trong qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i: \u201cV\u1edbi th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 21, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea1nh tranh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 canh t\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn trong c\u00e1c th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 t\u1edbi. T\u00ecm ra \u0111\u00fang ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi t\u00e0i n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5p th\u00eam r\u1ee7i ro cho mi\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i l\u00e0: \u201cNh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ee7i ro qu\u1ed1c gia, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ec9 M\u0129 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c cho h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ti kho\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 gi\u1eef c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf trong M\u0129.\u201d Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1edfi v\u00ec chi ph\u00ed thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean do c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u1edf M\u0129. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng ng\u00e2n qu\u0129 cho k\u00e8m c\u1eb7p, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc. V\u00ec h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb v\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao DARPA \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 “nh\u1eafm \u0111\u00edch t\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc”, v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u201cduy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc sinh\u201d. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n. Thay v\u00ec t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n l\u00e2m hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, DARPA g\u1ee3i \u00fd ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sau h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, hay s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u00f9a h\u00e8.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u0129 hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap l\u00e0m cho sinh vi\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Trong suy gi\u1ea3m kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edf ra ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, v\u1ed1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u0169ng \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “ch\u1ea3y n\u00e3o” b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u.\u00a0Th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a s\u1edf lao \u0111\u1ed9ng M\u0129 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2012 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t qu\u00e3ng 500,000 nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n CNTT \u1edf ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh M\u0129 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng “di d\u00e2n m\u1edf” v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong M\u0129. \u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n y b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ti c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed CNTT.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

—-English version—-<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The major risk in the U.S<\/p>\n

Although college students\u2019 enrollment in Computing and Information Technology in the U.S begin to increase after a decade of decrease but it is NOT enough. According to the U.S Pentagon\u2019s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the current shortage of qualified technology workers poses a very serious risk for the U.S.<\/p>\n

The Pentagon is calling government to initiate policy to attract more students into science, technology, engineering and math with an emphasis on computing. According to DARPA, computer fields enrollment dropped 43 percent between 2003 and 2008 and that was UNACCEPTABLE to an advanced country like the U.S. Last week, a Defense industry representative testified in Congress: \u201cFor the 21st<\/sup>\u00a0century, everything will become automated, including the defense industry. No country can afford a shortage in science, technology and computing people. Our ability to compete in the increasingly globalized world will be hindered without college graduates with the ability to understand and innovate cutting edge technologies in the decades to come. Finding the right people with increasingly specialized talent is becoming more difficult and will continue to add risk to a wide range of Department of Defense systems that include software development.\u201d<\/p>\n

One of the key issues being discussed in Congress is: \u201cAs a national risk issue, the U.S government must stop giving contracts to companies that outsource works to foreign countries and keep the works in the U.S\u201d. However, it faces strong opposition from the industry because the costs of hiring computing workers is continue rising as there is a shortage of qualified workers in the U.S. One of the solutions being proposed is to initiate more activities that promote the study of computing to younger students by increase funding for mentoring, supporting, and technology counseling to high school students. Since students must start while they are young because technology requires a strong foundation in math and science and that is why DARPA recommended that all future education programs be \u201ctargeted to high school students, and include methods \u201cto maintain a long-term presence in a student\u2019s education\u201d. A long-term presence that includes activities in evenings and weekends. Rather than incorporate computer-based activities into current academics, DARPA suggested the programs to be extra-curricular, perhaps as an after school activity, weekend, or summer event.<\/p>\n

The U.S government is hoping that the current job market will also help make students to change their fields of study into science and technology. In this economy downturn, having jobs is an important to students and the defense industry is having a lot of jobs opening ranging from entry level programmer which requires Bachelor degrees to research scientist which require a Doctorate. Many defense companies are also experiencing the \u201cBrain drain\u201d phenomenon because high number of experienced workers retiring.\u00a0The U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics is predicting that by 2012 there will be a shortage of 500,000 IT professionals in the U.S alone and government must find a way to solve this problem by \u201copen immigration\u201d and allow more highly skilled workers to enter and work in the U.S. This proposal is being endorsed by many high technology companies who already reported that they are having difficult to fill many IT positions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c ghi danh c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf M\u0129 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean sau … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cac-van-de-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2560"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2562,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2560\/revisions\/2562"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-technology.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}